• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.303-310
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• 2005

Vegetation composition and structure of forest community around Mt. Kumbong, Uiseong-Gun, Korea, were studied using a qualitative and a quantitative approach. Vegetation types and various ecological characteristics including constancy classes, relative coverage, species diversity and interspecific similarity of the major component species were analyzed. Seventy relatives were sampled in $100 m^2$ plots. Forest communities were grouped into mountain vegetation and lower-valley vegetation. The former were divided into 3 communities (Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis and Quercus dentata communities). The latter was an Acer mono community. Vegetation units were classified into ten groups. Woody vegetation coverage was $50\~65\%$. The lower-valley vegetation type showed from $2.06\pm0.25\;to\;2.31\pm0.26$ in the species diversity. The species showing interspecific similarity over 0.5 with Quercus mongolica appeared to be Pinus densiflora, Quercus dentata and Tilia amurensis in the tree and subtree layer, and Lindera obtusiloba, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Carex humilis and Carex siderostica in the shrub and herb layer, The species showing higher interspecific similarity with Acer mono were Cornus controversa and Ulmus davidiana in the tree and subtree layer, and Philadelphus schrenchkii and Aristolochia manshuriensis in the shrub and herb layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest the vegetation structure and management plan of forests at Anmyundo. Sixteen plot were established in the forests and surveyed. The plant communities were classified into three community type, which were Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community, Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community. It was hypothesized that Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community will be changed to Quercus Spp. community. The vegetation management for successional controls on long-term basis was suggested. Dominant trees were mid-size trees(21~30year-old and DBH 18~28cm), and large trees(over DBH 30cm) appeared only at the Recreation Forest and Kuksabong. Anmyundo forests should be managed with a priority given to Pinus densifolra. Forest trees should be planted in consideration of environmental conditions and Pinus densifolra densities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2021

The change in vegetation structure along elevational gradients on the southeastern part of Mt. Hallasan was studied. Vegetation data were collected with 59 quadrates located from 16 to 1,565 m with 100 m intervals. Community types were classified using cluster analysis, and species composition and diversity were analyzed along elevational gradients. The vegetation was classified into seven, namely, type 1 Quercus serrata community, type 2 Carpinus tschonoskii community, type 3 Carpinus laxiflora community, type 4 Pinus densiflora community, type 5 Abies koreana community, type 6 Castanopsis sieboldii community, and type 7 Quercus acuta community. The species with a high importance value in tree layer in each elevational zone were C. sieboldii and Q. acuta at 100-600 m; C. laxiflora, Q. serrata, and C. tschonoskii at 700-800 m; P. densiflora at 1,100-1,200 m; and Abies koreana at 1,500-1,600 m. The species diversity indicated higher value at 700-800 m, 1,200-1,300 m and 1,400-1,500 m than at the other elevation.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.153-173
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• 1988

The structure of vegetation of Mt. Cheomchal, Jindo-gun, Chollanamdo were surveyed from 1985 to 1987. The vascular plants was listed 785 taxa classified into 680 speciesm 1 subspecies, 95 varieties, 9 forma, 484 genera, 139 families, and 42 orders. The floral data showed the ecological characteristics such as the value 1.71 in Pte-Q and N-$D_1-R_5-$e in biological type. Vegetation of Mt. Cheomchal is classified into 8 communities: Quercus salicina community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii community, Quercus acuta community, and Camellia japonica community as evergreen broad-leaved forest, Quercus variabilis Pinus densiflora community, Carpinus coreana community and Carpinus tschonoskii-quercus variabilis community as deciduous broad-leaved forest, and Pinus densiflora community as pine forest.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 1986

The environmental gradient analyses and the continum analyses were applied for the ordinationa of forest vegetation in Seonunsan area. In the soil moisture gradient, mesic to xeric, Zelkova serrata, Carpinus tschonoskii, Quercus aliena, Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora type were arranged as a series of sequence along the gradient. In two dimensional analyses of soil moisture and organic matter gradients seven vegetation types mentioned above were also separated one another. Especially Carpinus tschonoskii in mesic-fertile sites adn Pinus densiflora in xeric-sterile were noticeable. The results of continum analyses were corresponded to those of environmental gradient analses for the forest vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2023

The current study aims to analyze the vegetation characteristics of the rocky slopes in expressway applied by different types of greening work. A field survey on the current status of vegetation were conducted in 50 rock slopes along 13 expressways in two years, 2020 to 2021. Specifically, the type of implemented greening and slope stabilization work, the soil properties, the vegetation coverage, and the emerged species were investigated on a every single slope. As the result of the implemented work types, the soil-media hydroseeding and the gabion work appeared to be the most implemented greening and slope stabilization work, respectively. As a result of the vegetation survey, 126 classification groups (42 families, 93 genera and 126 species) were identified in total and it was observed 26 IAP species and 5 invasive species were growing. The longer the time after greening work, the more frequent appearance of IAP species were observed. Woody species such as Robinia pseudoacacia and Lespedeza bicolo, and perennial herbs such as Artemisia princeps, Erigeron annuus, and Festuca arundinacea were appeared with high frequencies at the rocky slopes in expressway. It was also observed Pinus densiflora, Quercus dentata, Rubus crataegifolius and Miscanthus sinensis which had invaded from the adjacent forests naturally, and the largest number of species were invaded between 5~10 years usually after greening work in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.21-27
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• 2013

Recently, It is increasing that importance of systematic management by carbon sinks in forest resources. Especially, in terms of social, Forest resources in urban areas are important role as well as carbon sinks, and improvement of the natural environment of the city. In this study, through ANOVA analysis that a total of nine different vegetation index from rearranged NIR band of images to Forest tree species classified in urban areas using high-resolution aerial images and satellite images of KOMPSAT-2. And various vegetation indices such as NDVI are divided a species by forest units through statistical analysis. Also, separated species are compared to forest type map by the Forest Service. As a result, it is built as basis for vegetation management in urban areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.368-374
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• 2015

On the basis of vegetation data by point quarter sampling method, the natural forest of Jirisan(Mt.) was classified into eight forest types by cluster analysis. They were Quercus mogolica forest type, Fraxinus mandshurica - Betula costata forest type, Mixed mesophytic forest type, Abies koreana forest type, Carpinus laxiflora forest type, Quercus serrata forest type, Pinus densiflora forest type, and Quercus variabilis forest type. Then, succession index was estimated for each forest type so as to evaluate succession process comparatively among forest types. The results showed that Carpinus laxiflora forest type had highest succession index of 219.7, followed by Mixed mesophytic forest type with little difference of the index of 218.3. Pinus densiflora forest type had lowest index. Succession indices were hardly correlated with species diversity indices of forest types. We presumed that the higher value of succession index a forest type had, the closer toward the climax forest. However, the estimated index was not supposed to be absolute level of successional stage, but it could play a role of comparative assessment in the position of the seral stage among forest types.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the ecological attributes of forest types which were classified by cluster analysis in the natural forest of Mt. Odae on the basis of the vegetation data (232 sampling points) from the point-quarter sampling methods. For the classified types, the species composition was expressed by importance value to describe the stand structure and the species diversity was quantified using the Shannon's diversity index. Recognized forest types were 1) Quercus mongolica-Pinus densiflora-Betula ermanii forest type, 2) Mixed mesophytic forest type, 3) Q. mongolica forest type, 4) B. ermanii forest type. Species diversity indices of total and overstory were highest in the Mixed mesophytic forest type (3.465 and 2.942), and lowest in the B. ermanii forest type (0.118 and 0.832). In addition to that, Q. mongolica-P. densiflora-B. ermanii forest type was calculated as 3.226 and 2.565, and Q. mongolica forest type was calculated as 2.776 and 1.218 in total and overstory, respectively. It was considered that after the P. densiflora and B. ermanii first invaded and site condition became good, Q. mongolica-P. densiflora-B. ermanii forest type was dominated by Q. mongolica. Mixed mesophytic forest type showed the most stable stand structure with various species distributed uniformly. Q. mongolica forest type would preserve the present stand status for a while, and the B. ermanii in B. ermanii forest type would be pressed by other species over time.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 1997

The optimum global natural vegetation mapping(GNVM) system was selected as a series of the study to estimate potential forest area of the globe. To select the system, three types of GNVM systems which are simple system with Light Climatic Dataset(LCD), altitude-allowed system with LCD and altitude-allowed system with Heavy Climatic Dataset(HCD) were established and compared. The three GNVM systems spherically interpolate such spotty climate data as those observed at weather stations the world over onto $1^{\circ}{\times}1^{\circ}$ grid points, product vegetation type classification, and produce a potential natural vegetation(PNV) map and a PNV area. As a result of comparison with three GNVM systems, altitude-allowed LCD system represented natural vegetation distribution better than other versions. The difference between the simple system versus the one with altitude allowance indicated that the simple version tends to over-represent the warmer climate areas and under-represent cold and hostile climate areas. In the difference between altitude-allowed versions of LCD and HCD, HCD version tended to overestimate moist climate areas and to underestimate dry climate areas.