• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.421-431
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• 2008

Purpose: Using comprehensive and valid instrument, MDS-HC 2.0, this study aimed to analyze the functional status and to evaluate the care needs of the community-dwelling disabled with cerebral impairment. Method: With a convenient sample of 88 disabled with cerebral impairment, the data were collected at a community health center located in rural area in Choongchung providence in August 2005. Subject's functional status and care needs were evaluated using Minimum Data Set-Home Care version 2.0. Result: Significant proportion of subjects were totally dependent for locomotion-outdoor (26.1%), personal hygiene (24.1%), bathing (24.1%). For IADLs, over 40% of subjects were totally dependent for ordinary house work, managing finances, or shopping. Top five ranked care needs were preventive health care measures (100%), communication disorders (71.6%), visual function (55.7%), health promotion (52.3%), and pressure ulcers (48.9%). The proportion of triggered clinical assessment protocols were significantly higher in disability level I group for the risk of institutionalization (p=<.001), communication disorders (p=.004), cognitive problems (p=.001), pressure ulcers (p=<.001), skin and foot conditions (p=.010), and urinary incontinence and indwelling catheters (p=<.001). Conclusions: It is necessary to provide community based rehabilitation services that are individualized for their service needs thus enhance optimal level of functioning.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between center of pressure (CoP) and local stability of the lower joints, which was calculated based on approximate entropy (ApEn) during walking in elderly women. Method: Eighteen elderly women were recruited (age: $66.4{\pm}1.2yrs$; mass: $55.4{\pm}8.3kg$; height: $1.56{\pm}0.04m$) for this study. Before collecting data, reflective marker triads composed of 3 non-collinear spheres were attached to the lateral surface of the thigh and shank near the mid-segment to measure motion of the thigh and shank segments. To measure foot motion, reflective markers were placed on the shoe at the heel, head of the fifth metatarsal, and lateral malleolus, and were also placed on the right anterior-superior iliac spine, left anterior-superior iliac spine, and sacrum to observe pelvic motion. During treadmill walking, kinematic data were recorded using 6 infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden) with a 100 Hz sampling frequency and kinetic data were collected from a treadmill (Instrumented Treadmill, Bertec, USA) for 20 strides. From kinematic data, 3D angles of the lower extremity's joint were calculated using Cardan technique and then ApEn were computed for their angles to evaluate local stability. Range of CoP was determined from the kinetic data. Pearson product-moment and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were applied to find relationship between CoP and ApEn. The level of significance was determined at p<.05. Results: There was a negative linear correlation between CoP and ApEn of hip joint adduction-abduction motion (p<.05), but ApEn of other joint motion did not affect the CoP. Conclusion: It was conjectured that ApEn, local stability index, for adduction/abduction of the hip joint during walking could be useful as a fall predictor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the effect of visual feedback training using mirror and the training without mirror on the balance in people with hemiplegic paralysis. Methods: A total of 26 stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The participants were allocated randomly to 2 groups : visual feedback training group(n=13) and control group(n=13). Both groups received PNF(proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) for 5 times(each 30 minutes) per week over 6 weeks period. The group, which is enrolled in visual feed back training, performed additional exercise in front of mirror for 30 minutes. The control group performed same exercise without mirror. The data was analyzed using a paired t-test and independent t-test to determine the statistical significance. Results: The visual feedback training group showed significantly increased foot pressure and total pressure compared to the control group(p<.05) and significantly decreased body sway compared to the control group (p<.05). Also, visual feedback training group showed significant increase on the Berg Balance Scale(BBS), Timed Up and Go test(TUG) compared to the control group(p<.05). Conclusion: These results support the perceived benefits of visual feedback training using mirror to augment the balance of stroke patients. Therefore, visual feedback training using mirror is feasible and suitable for stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2021

Background: Although symmetry of spatio-temporal parameter and center of pressure (COP) shift during walking is associated with knee adduction moment, research on clinical association with knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related knee pain and functional scores is lacking. Objects: The aims were 1) to compare symmetry of gait parameters and COP-shift in patients with unilateral knee OA and pain and matched controls, and 2) to investigate the relationship between symmetry of gait parameters and COP-shift, and clinical measures. Methods: Female subjects (n = 16) had with unilateral radiological knee OA and pain. Healthy controls (n = 15) were age-matched to OA group. Symmetry of foot rotation, step length, stance and swing phase, lateral symmetry of COP and anterior/posterior symmetry of COP during walking was assessed. To assess the clinical variables, pain intensity, pain duration and function using Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Survey (KOOS) subscales were collected. We compared symmetry between groups using Mann-Whitney U-test or independent t-test. Relationships between clinical measures and symmetry index measured using Spearman's correlation test. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Results: Knee OA group showed significantly greater values of only lateral symmetry of COP (p < 0.01) than healthy group. Values of lateral symmetry of COP had moderate or strong correlation significantly with the intensity of knee pain, pain duration, and scores of all KOOS subscales (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with unilateral knee OA and pain showed more asymmetry of lateral COP-shift during walking compared with matched healthy controls. In addition, larger asymmetry of lateral COP-shift has the moderate or strong association with worse of knee pain, worse in KOOS scores and longer duration of knee pain. Asymmetry of lateral COP-shift during walking may be one of the characteristics of unilateral knee OA as the compensatory strategy response to unilateral OA of the knee.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2010

Polymer composite materials offer high strength and stiffness to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and total life cost reductions that appeal to the marine industry. The advantages of composite construction have led to their incorporation in U.S. yacht hull structures over 46 meters (150 feet) in length. In order to construct even larger hull structures, higher quality composites with lower cost production techniques need to be developed. In this study, the effect of composite hull fabrication processes on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites is presented. Fabrication techniques investigated during this study are hand lay-up (HL), vacuum infusion (VI), and hybrid (HL+VI) processes. Mechanical property testing includes: tensile, compressive, and ignition loss sample analysis. Results demonstrate that the vacuum pressure implemented dining composite fabrication has an effect on mechanical properties. The VI processed GFRP yields improved mechanical properties in tension/compression strengths and tensile modulus. The hybrid GFRP composites, however, failed in a sequential manor, due to dissimilar failure modes in the HL and VI processed sides. Fractography analysis was conducted to validate the mechanical property testing results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.285-288
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• 2001

Hypereutectic Al-25Si-X alloys, expected to be applied to the cylinder-liner-part of the engine-block of an automobile due to the excellent wear resistance, low density and low thermal expansion coefficient has been fabricated through a spray forming process. The obtained microstructure of the hypereutectic Al-25Si-X alloy appeared to consist of Al matrix and equiaxed Si particles of average diameter of $5-7{\mu}m$. To characterize the deformation behavior of this alloy, a series of load relaxation and compression tests have been conducted at temperatures ranging from RT to $500^{\circ}C$. The strain rate sensitivity parameter (m) of this alloy has been found to be very low (0.1) below foot and reached 0.2 at $500^{\circ}C$. During the deformation above 300'c in compression, strain softening has been observed. The diagram of extrusion pressure vs. ram-speed has been constructed, providing the extrusion condition of Al-25Si-X alloys.

• CELLMED
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.23.1-23.7
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• 2012

The healing properties of medicinal maggots (larval stage of Lucilia sericata) are widely used in the chirurgical debridement of non-healing wounds including diabetic foot ulcers, venous and pressure ulcers, where classical approaches have failed. Several kinds of wounds are prone to complications coming out of a specific wound bed environment. There are multi-resistant bacterial species present, their pathogenic impact is multiplied by their ability to form a biofilm. Moreover, immunological events in chronic wounds differ from those in acute wounds. Non-healing wounds are cycled in the early inflammation phase with increased levels of inflammation attributes like inflammation cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases produced by inflammation phase cells. Application of larval therapy promotes progress in the healing process to the next stages involving tissue granulation and re-epithelisation. Larval debridement is an effective method of cleaning the wound of cell debris, necrotic tissue and bacterial load. This happens in a mechanical and biological manner, but the whole complex mechanism of the maggot healing activity is still not fully elucidated. Centuries of clinical practice brings noticeable proof of the maggots' beneficial effect in wound healing management. This long history led to the investigation of the bioactive components of the larval body and its extracts in vitro. We introduce a review which describes the immunomodulation impact of maggot body components on the cellular and molecular levels of the wound healing process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.383-386
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• 2005

Low frequency heavy-weight impact noise is the most irritating noise in Korean high-rise reinforced concrete apartment buildings. This low frequency noise is generated by foot traffic due to the fact that Koreans do not wear shoes at home. The transmission of the noise is facilitated by a load bearing wall structural system without beams and columns which is used in these buildings. In order to control low frequency heavy-weight impact noise, floating floors using isolation materials such as glass-wool mat and poly-urethane mat are used. However, it was difficult to control low frequency heavy-weight impact sound using isolation material. In this study, reinforcement of concrete slab using beams and plate was conducted. Using the FEM analysis, the effect of concrete slab reinforcement using FRP(fiber-glass reinforced plastic) on the bang machine impact vibration acceleration level and sound were conducted at the standard floor impact sound test building. The $3{\sim}4dB$ floor impact vibration acceleration level and impact sound pressure level were reduced and the natural frequency of slabs were changed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.17-23
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects, in elderly women, of (a) physical therapy with (b) individual and group lumbar muscle exercise Methods: Forty-two elderly women took part in this study. Their average age was 52.59 years. All subjects participated in the study for 8 weeks, doing exercises 3 days per week. All participants were assessed on the Oswestry disability index (ODI), Gaitview. The data were analyzed using paired t-tests. Results: Foot pressure and ODI scores showed statistically significant pre- to post-exercise differences for both groups. We also found significant differences between group therapy and individual therapy. There were changes in mean ODI scores, but these were not significant. Conclusion: Eight weeks participation in an was found to be effective in improving the health of older women. Individual therapy with a physical therapist is more effective than group therapy in creating harmonious movement of the lower extremity and lumbar stability. The results of our study suggests the benefit of an exercise program with a physical therapist.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2017

This paper presents a smart seat for correction of driver posture while driving. We introduce good postures with seat height, seat angle, head height, back of knees, distances of foot pedals, tilt of seat, etc. There have been some studies on correction of good posture while driving, effects of driving environment on driver's posture, sitting strategies based on seating pressure distribution, estimation of driver's standard postures, and others. However, there are a few studies on guide of good postures while driving for problem of driver's posture using machine leaning. Therefore, we suggest a smart seat for correction of driver's posture based on machine leaning, 1) developed the system to get postures by 10 piezoelectric effect element, 2) collect piezoelectric values from 37 drivers and 28 types of cars, 3) suggest 4 types of good postures while driving, 4) analyze test postures by kNN. As the results, we can guide good postures for bad or problems of postures while driving.