• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Opioid receptors have been pharmacologically classified as ${\mu}$, ${\delta}$, ${\kappa}$ and ${\varepsilon}$. We have recently reported that the antinociceptive effect of morphine (a ${\mu}$-opioid receptor agonist), but not that of ${\beta}$-endorphin (a novel ${\mu}/{\varepsilon}$-opioid receptor agonist), is attenuated by whole body irradiation (WBI). It is unclear at present whether WBI has differential effects on the antinociceptive effects of ${\mu}-$, ${\delta}-$, ${\kappa}-$ and ${\varepsilon}$-opioid receptor agonists. In our current experiments, male ICR mice were exposed to WBI (5Gy) from a $^{60}Co$ gamma-source and the antinociceptive effects of opioid receptor agonists were assessed two hours later using the hot water ($52^{\circ}C$) tail-immersion test. Morphine and $D-Ala^2$, $N-Me-Phe^4$, Gly-olenkephalin (DAMGO), [$D-Pen^2-D-Pen^5$] enkephalin (DPDPE), trans-3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl]-benzeneacetamide (U50,488H), and ${\beta}$-endorphin were tested as agonists for ${\mu}$, ${\delta}$, ${\kappa}$, and ${\varepsilon}$-opioid receptors, respectively. WBI significantly attenuated the antinociceptive effects of morphine and DAMGO, but increased those of ${\beta}$-endorphin. The antinociceptive effects of DPDPE and U50,488H were not affected by WBI. In addition, to more preciously understand the differential effects of WBI on ${\mu}-$ and ${\varepsilon}$-opioid receptor agonists, we assessed pretreatment effects of ${\beta}$-funaltrexamine (${\beta}$-FNA, a ${\mu}$-opioid receptor antagonist) or ${\beta}$-$endorphin_{1-27}$ (${\beta}$-$EP_{1-27}$, an ${\varepsilon}$-opioid receptor antagonist), and found that pretreatment with ${\beta}$-FNA significantly attenuated the antinociceptive effects of morphine and ${\beta}$-endorphin by WBI. ${\beta}$-$EP_{1-27}$ significantly reversed the attenuation of morphine by WBI and significantly attenuated the increased effects of ${\beta}$-endorphin by WBI. The results demonstrate differential sensitivities of opioid receptors to WBI, especially for ${\mu}-$ and ${\varepsilon}$-opioid receptors.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1996

세침흡인 검사는 촉지되거나 혹은 촉지되지 않는 양성과 악성 유방 질환을 인지하는 매우 유용한 방법이나 진단이 애매한 회색 지역이 존재한다. 1년동안 시행한 697예의 유방 세침흡인 검사 중 111예가 비정형적 혹은 악성이 의심된 다고 보고되었으며 이 중 조직학적으로 확진된 74예를 재검색하여 Masood 등 (1990)이 제안한 등급 점수표가 회색 지역을 줄이는데 유용한지 살펴보았다. 기술적 문제가 19예에서 나타났으며 나머지 55예 중 18예는 양성으로, 37예는 악성으로 조직학적으로 진단되었다. 양성 질환 중 섬유선종(5예)및 섬유선종의 성상을 지닌 섬유낭성 질환(3예)이 가장 많았고 악성은 대부분 침윤성 관암종이였으며 (29예), 관상암종(3예), 사상암종(2예) 및 점액 암종(2예) 등 분화가 좋은 암종들이 상대적으로 많았다. 등급 점수표는 회색 지역을 줄이는데 상당히 유용하여 29예의 관암종중 27예가 세포학적 악성 범주에 속했다. 그러나 분화가 좋은 암종은 7예중 2예만이 세포학적 악성 범주에 속했고 섬유선종 및 섬유선종의 성상을 지닌 섬유낭성 질환은 비교적 높은 점수를 보였다. 따라서 등급 점수표의 응용은 유방 세침흡인 검사에서 양성과 악성 병변의 감별에 매우 유용하게 이용될 수 있으나 분화가 좋은 암종들과 섬유선종의 진단에는 주의가 필요할 것으로 사료되며 유방 세침흡인 세포학적 검사에는 세포 병리 의사의 경험 및 유방질환의 세포학적 변조에 대한 친숙성이 강조되어야 할 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5921-5926
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• 2014

A large proportion of patients with thyroid nodules in China undergo thyroidectomy in order to get confirmatory histology diagnosis. The financial impact of this modality remains to be investigated. To evaluate rationality of performing thyroidectomy without a routine FNA preoperatively from the economic perspective, we conducted a retrospective, observational study of all archival thyroidectomies with records of cost per stay (CPS), cost per day (CPD) and length of stay (LOS) from 2008 to 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. We compared all the parameters between cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomies. We recruited 6, 140 thyroidectomies with valid records of CPS, CPD and LOS in this period. The CPS of cancer thyroidectomy was significantly higher than non-cancer thyroidectomy. The percentage of cancer thyroidectomy increased from 26.5% to 41.6%. The percentage of annual cost of cancer thyroidectomies rose from 30.2% to 45.2%. The LOS for cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomy decreased while the CPD increased in the past six years. The estimated national cost in 2012 for all thyroidectomies would be USD 1.86 billion with USD 1.09 billion for non-cancer thyroidectomies. We have witnessed great improvement in the healthcare for patients with thyroid nodules in China. However, given limited healthcare resources, currently thyroid FNA for more precise preoperative diagnosis may help to curb the rapidly increasing demand in healthcare costs in the future for nodular thyroid disease in China.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.264-267
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• 2005

구토와 식용부진을 3일전부터 나타내고, 2년전부터 좌측 후지 상부에 종괴를 갖고 있는 12년령, 8.0kg, 난소 제거 잡종 암캐 1두가 충남대학교 부속동물병원에 내원하였다. 환자는 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) 세포진단학 검사에 의하여 mast cell tumor로 진단하였다. Mast cell tumor 진단을 위한 WHO clinical staging system에 의하여 stage IIIa로 분류하였다. 환자는 adjuvant corticosteroid 요법에 의하여 투약되었으며, 축주의 요구에 의하여 완전 외과 절제는 실시하지 아니 하였다. 초기에 adjuvant corticosteroid 단독 요법에 의하여 종괴의 크기가 점차 감소하였으며, 환자의 전신상태는 호전되었다. 그러나 그 후에는 더 이상 glucocorticoid에 반응을 하지 아니 하였으며, 종괴의 크기가 증가하였고, 2개월 후에 간헐적 구토와 심한 호흡곤란 때문에 안락사 하였다. 비장 종괴, 십이지장 궤양, 간 종괴와 후지 상부 근육부위에 침윤된 mast cell tumor가 부검 시에 발견되었다. Mast cell tumor는 grade I 또는 II에서 그리고 .조직학적으로 well-differentiated된 상태에서 외과적 완전절제, 방사선요법, adjuvant corticosteroid 요법, 화학요법을 병용 하여야 양호한 예후를 나타낼 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1019-1027
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• 2022

Objective: Thyroidectomy bed lesions frequently show suspicious ultrasound (US) features after thyroid surgery. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) may not provide definitive pathological information about the lesions. Although core-needle biopsy (CNB) has excellent diagnostic performance in characterizing suspicious thyroid nodules, no published studies have evaluated the performance of CNB specifically for thyroidectomy bed lesions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and safety of CNB for characterizing thyroidectomy bed lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 124 thyroidectomy bed lesions in 113 patients (79 female and 34 male; age, 23-85 years) who underwent US-guided CNB between December 2008 and December 2020 were included. We reviewed the US imaging features of the target lesions and the histories of previous biopsies. The pathologic results, diagnostic performance for malignancy, and complications of CNB were analyzed. Results: All samples (100%) obtained by CNB were adequate for pathological analysis. Pathological analysis revealed inconclusive results in two lesions (1.6%). According to the reference standard, 50 lesions were ultimately malignant (40.3%), and 72 were benign (58.1%), excluding the two inconclusive lesions. The performance of CNB for diagnosing malignant thyroidectomy bed lesions in the 122 lesions had a sensitivity of 98.0% (49/50), a specificity of 100% (72/72), positive predictive value of 100% (49/49), and negative predictive value of 98.6% (72/73). Eleven lesions were referred for CNB after prior inconclusive FNA results in thyroidectomy bed lesions, for all of which CNB yielded correct conclusive pathologic diagnoses. According to the pathological analysis of CNB, there were various benign lesions (58.9%, 73/124) besides recurrence, including benign postoperative lesions other than suture granuloma (32.3%, 40/124), suture granuloma (15.3%, 19/124), remnant thyroid tissue (5.6%, 7/124), parathyroid lesions (4%, 5/124), and abscesses (1.6%, 2/124). No major or minor complications were associated with the CNB procedure. Conclusion: US-guided CNB is accurate and safe for characterizing thyroidectomy bed lesions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.4563-4566
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• 2016

Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a comparative evaluation of the yields of conventional brush cytology and brush cytology with negative pressure in the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. Methods: A total of 132 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic were identified. Of these, 88.0 had brush cytology after ERCP and 44 were Brush cytology with negative pressure. Retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) including brush cytology and brush cytology with negative pressure in patients with biliary strictures between 2012-2015. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was performed with a standard videoduodenoscope Olympus TFJ 160-R (Olympus, Hamburg, Germany) and brush cytology with a Cook medical Double Lumen Biliary BrushTM (Cytology). Means and standard frequencies were used to calculate variables. Results: Positive results for malignancy were obtained in 22 of 88 patients (25%) by brush cytology and 31 of 44 patients (70.4 %) by brush cytology with negative pressure. Conclusions: Sensitivity of cytology sampling could be maximized by negative pressure during ERCP.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2007

Soft tissue implantation of thyroid tissue is a very rare event. Needle tract implantation of thyroid carcinoma after fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has been occasionally reported, but implantation of benign thyroid tumor tissue is extremely rare. Rupture of thyroid tissues during surgery or trauma may cause the thyroid tissue to be implanted and result in multiple palpable nodules in soft tissue of the neck. Several reports have shown the possibility of implantation of normal or hyperplastic thyroid tissues in soft tissue. We herein report a case of implantation of adenomatous hyperplastic tissue in the neck along the trochar and previous operation site after endoscopic thyroid surgery, which was successfully treated by complete excision.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.37-51
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• 1992

The fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology findings in 19 cases of primary neoplasia of the pancreas are reported. The aspirates were obtained under ultrasound guidance in 16 cases and under direct vision intraoperatively in three cases. These cases represented 79% of 24 diagnoses in a series of 30 pancreatic FNAs. Of these 30 cases no cytologic diagnoses were made in six cases (20%) because of insufficient or inadequate samples The cytologic diagnoses were confirmed by histologic examination following resection or biopsy of the tumors. The diagnoses included 9 duct ceil adenocarcinomas, 1 mucinous adenocarcinoma, 2 mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 1 acinar cell carcinoma, 1 papillary cystic tumor 3 islet ceil tumors, 1 neuroendocrine carcinoma and 1 leiomyosarcoma. The cytologic features of the neoplasia were detailed and the differential diagnosis was discussed. The important criteria for the cytodiagnosis of pancreatic tumors were reviewed. This review leads us to think that nonoperative (percutaneous) cytologic approaches to the diagnosis of pancreatic tumor are advantageous for the management of patients, and that correct cytologic diagnosis with pancreatic FNAs can easily be made, if adequate samples are obtained.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2001

Chordoma is a rare, clinically and morphologically well characterized tumor, which arises from remnants of the notochord, The majority(60%) occurs in the sacrococcygeal region, with 25% in the clival legion, and 15% in the spine. Although most chordomas do not develop metastasis, the long term prognosis is very poor due to local progressive tumor growth and tendency to recur if incompletely excised. The chordoma has characteristic cytologic features which make a preoperative diagnosis possible. We reviewed the cytologic findings of five patients with chordoma(one oropharynx, two clivus, and two sacrum). The patients were three male and two female, aged from 29 to 77 years(mean 60). Of five chordomas, there were local recurrences in two cases and metastasis of lymph node In one case. Four were FNA smears and one was squash smear taken from intraoperative consultation. All five cases show similar cytologic features. The dominating tumor cells were large with round nuclei and pale-stained vacuolated cytoplasm. The small round uniform cells and short spindle-shaped cells were frequently noted. The cells were surrounded by myxoid or mucoid matrix. The chordoma has characteristic cytologic features which make a preoperative diagnosis possible.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.218-220
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• 2016

A 2-year old female African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) weighing 645 grams was presented with a well circumscribed mass in the subcutaneous of the left shoulder. It measured $2{\times}2cm$ in size and had a hard texture. There were no clinical signs. In a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytological evaluation, mast cells were identified with Wright-Giemsa stain. Mast cell tumor was confirmed and characterized by surgical sampling and histopathological evaluation. Four stains (hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue, periodic acid-Schiff, and Safranin O) were examined in order to find an applicable stain for a mast cell tumor histopathological evaluation in hedgehog. This case showed that periodic acid-Schiff and toluidine blue staining were the most useful for assessment of a mast cell tumor in a hedgehog.