• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.23 no.2 s.258
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• pp.94-96
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• 2001

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.24 no.6 s.274
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• pp.108-109
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• 2002

• 사료
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• s.57
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• pp.66-72
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• 2012

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.166-170
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• 2015

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals and causes severe economic loss and devastating effect on international trade of animal or animal products. Since FMD outbreaks have recently occurred in some Asian countries, it is important to understand the relationship between diverse immunogenomic structures of host animals and the immunity to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). We performed genome wide association study based on high-density bovine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip for identifying FMD resistant loci in Holstein cattle. Among 624532 SNP after quality control, we found that 11 SNPs on 3 chromosomes (chr17, 22, and 15) were significantly associated with the trait at the p.adjust <0.05 after PERMORY test. Most significantly associated SNPs were located on chromosome 17, around the genes Myosin XVIIIB and Seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)-like, which were associated with lung cancer. Based on the known function of the genes nearby the significant SNPs, the FMD resistant animals might have ability to improve their innate immune response to FMDV infection.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.301-310
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• 2005

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of mammals and has a great potential for causing severe economic loss in susceptible cloven-hoofed animals, such as cattle, pigs, sheep, goats and buffalo. FMDV, a member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, is a non-enveloped icosahedral virus that contains a positive sense RNA of about 8.2 kb in size. The genome carries one open reading frame consisting of 3 regions: capsid protein coding region P1, replication related protein coding region P2, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase coding region P3. FMDV infects pharynx epithelial cell in the respiratory tract and viral replication is active in lung epithelial cell. Morbidity is extremely high. A FMD outbreak in Korea in 2002 caused severe economic loss. Although intense research is undergoing to develop appropriate drugs to treat FMDV infection, there is no specific therapeutic for controlling FMDV infection. Moreover, there is an increasing demand for the development of vaccine strategies against FMDV infection in many countries. In this report, more effective prevention strategies against FMDV infection were reviewed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2009

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus exists in seven serotypes and is known to be a highly contagious disease that is hard to eradicate from the world. The O, A, Asia1 and SAT2 serotypes commonly infected cattle, sheep and goats during 2007~2009 throughout the world. In particular, the outbreak of the Asia1 serotype in China appeared in all areas from 2005 and is still present. Surprisingly, in 2009, Taiwan reported the first outbreak of the type O serotype since 2001. Then type A appeared in China for the first time since the early 1960s. The virus shows a close relationship to the viruses from Southeast Asia suggesting one or more recent introductions into China in the OIE reports. Recently the subtype of A/Iran05 spread to nearby countries exhibiting genomic evolution. The use of molecular epidemiology is an important tool in understanding and consequently controlling the FMD virus. The phylogenetic analysis with VP1 gene was especially useful for molecular epidemiological studies and showed the same pattern which matches with serotype classification. This paper describes basic information about the disease, and the serotype-specific characteristics and evolution to perform molecular epidemiological analysis. Furthermore, we show the importance of the genetic evolution on the FMD serotypes in global surveillance and molecular epidemiology of FMD for outbreak investigation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.315-318
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• 2012

This report describes a case of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in farm-raised Sika deer. FMD serotype A occurred in six cattle farms in January 2010 since the outbreak of pig cases 2002 in South Korea. In addition to the six cattle farms where the disease occurred during January, positive reactions to FMD antibodies were found in two heads of deer on March at a deer farm in serological tests intended to lift the movement restriction of the susceptible animals imposed within risk zone. In the specimens collected from 12 heads for confirmatory tests in the same farm, no virus was detected in antigen tests and neutralising antibody titers in all raising deer in the farm were relatively high. So it seems likely that the animals had been infected with FMD at least one month earlier when they were found.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2013

To investigate the transmission pattern of geographical area and temporal trends of the 2010~2011 foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in Korea, and to explore temporal intervals at which spatial clustering of FMD cases space-time analysis based on georeferenced database of 3,575 burial sites, from 30 November 2010 to 23 February 2011, was performed. The cases represent approximately 98.1% of all infected farms (n = 3,644) during the same period. Descriptive maps of spatial patterns of the outbreaks were generated by ArcGIS. Spatial Scan Statistics, using SaTScan software, was applied to investigate geographical clusters of FMD cases across the country. Overall, spatial heterogeneity was identified, and the transmission pattern was different by province. Cattle have more clusters in number but smaller in size, as compared to the swine population. In addition, spatiotemporal analysis and the comparison of clustering patterns between the first 7 days and days 8 to 14 of the outbreak revealed that the strongest spatial clustering was identified at the 7-day interval, although clustering over longer intervals (8~14 days) was also observed. We further discussed the importance of time period elapsed between FMD-suspected notice and the date of confirmation, and emphasized the necessity of region-specific and species-specific control measures.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.725-732
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• 2018

The vaccination for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an effective way to control FMD. However, the injection of FMD vaccine causes abnormalities in pork meat by the incidence of lesions at the injection site. This study was conducted to investigate the inhibition effects of dietary bromelain, a natural protease derived from pineapple stems, on the incidence of lesions at the vaccination site on pigs. A total of 335 pigs (LYD [Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc]; 7-week-old) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments: control (basic diet) and bromelain treatment (diet supplemented with bromelain 1 kg/ton). The injection of FMD vaccine was conducted on 56- and 84-day-old pigs. Pigs with the bromelain treatment were fed a diet supplemented with bromelain for 14 days from 5 days before the vaccine injection. After slaughtering the pigs, the number of carcasses that had abnormal meat at the injection site of the vaccine and the amount of abnormal meat, discarded meat, and trimmings were recorded. Pork from the bromelain treated pigs had a lower incidence of abnormal meat caused by vaccine injection as well as a lower amount of abnormal meat, discarded meat, and trimmings than those of the control (p < 0.05). Our result suggests that dietary bromelain could improve the quality of pork meat by inhibiting incidence of lesions at the vaccine injection site.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.189-194
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• 2019

This thesis aimed to apply the 3D-printing technology rapidly introduced to the overall industry to jewelry design. In the results of examining preceding researches, out of 3D-printing methods, the FMD method was used the most in design area. However, for jewelry design, the 3D-printing is used for casting process out of production processes, so that the printing method is not FMD, but DLP. Thus, the researcher examined the material functions and applicability of jewelry design through research works, by applying the 3D-printing in DLP method to jewelry design. In the results, brooches were completed by applying the 3D-printing to the jewelry design with no casting process, and then utilizing enamel and pure silver together. Producing light and solid completed products in various colors, they were verified as applicable materials. Also, as the size and form of curved design mainly used for non-geometric jewelry design could be accurately predicted through Rhino CAD, diverse possibilities of advancement to be easily used for the development of formative form of jewelry design in the future were revealed.