• Title/Summary/Keyword: FMD

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Pathogenesis and Host Interaction of Foot-and-mouth Disease (구제역의 병인론과 숙주와의 상호작용)

  • Park, Jong-Hyeon;Lee, Kwang-Nyeong;Kim, Su-Mi;Ko, Young-Joon;Lee, Hyang-Sim;Cho, In-Soo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.113-121
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    • 2011
  • Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severe vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals including domesticated ruminants and pigs. Acute clinical signs may be mild in sheep and goats but are associated with lameness in pigs and mouth lesions with vesicles in cattle. The required condition for a successful pathogen appears to be the ability to counteract both the host innate and adaptive immune response. FMD virus (FMDV) inhibits the induction of antiviral molecules and interferes with the secretory pathway in the infected cell. The surface expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules is reduced in infected cells. Thus, the ability of the host to recognize and eliminate virus infected cells is decreased. Furthermore, FMDV infection results in a rapid, but transient lymphopenia, reducing the number of T and B cells, and affecting T cell function. The virus appears to premature apoptosis-mediated cell death because it has a very short replication cycle and is able to rapidly produce large amounts of virus. FMDV engages the host protective response at multiple steps to ensure its effective replication and pathogenesis. This review describes the recent pathological and immunological studies to overcome the powerful abilities of FMDV to counteract defense mechanism of host.

Study on the sterilizing and disinfective effects of E-ball and commercialized disinfectants against Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella typhimurium 에 대한 E-ball 및 상용화된 소독약품의 살균 및 소독 효능에 대한 연구)

  • Kang, Shin-Seok;Byeon, Hyeon-Seop;Kang, Shin-Kwon;Ko, Duk-Hwan;Lim, Dae-Jun;Lee, Jung-Hwa;Jeon, Hyun-Soo;Choi, Jin-Yong;Kang, Sung-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.211-220
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    • 2015
  • Many chemical disinfectants are using to protect the foot and mouth disease (FMD) and avian influenza (AI) in Korea since 2000. This study was performed to confirm disinfective ability of commercialized chemical disinfectants and to investigate the sterilizing ability of E-ball as alterative to chemical disinfectants. 4 kinds of acidulant, 3 kinds of aldehyde, 1 kind of oxidizer and 300 g of E-ball were used in this study. Dilution rate of disinfective power of all chemical disinfectants were to 200 times. The sterilizing ability of aldehydes were better than the acidulant and oxidizer with Salmonella typhimurium. The sterilizing ability of E-ball treated solution was guessed due to the friction of E-ball deads. In the case of the friction of 2 beads of E-ball, Salmonella typhimurium was sterilizted on $1{\times}10^6/mL$ CFU in the E-ball treated solution. The E-ball treated solution had superior sterizing power compared with the chemical disinfectants in the bacteria of soil for antibacterial examination. E-ball treated solution has a possibility as the substitute of chemical disinfectants to protective the animal diseases contains FMD, AI.

Analysis of protective genotype of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) Asia1 vaccine (구제역 Asia1 백신의 방어 유전형 분석)

  • Lee, Yeo-Joo;Chu, Jia-Qi;Lee, Seo-Yong;Kim, Su-Mi;Lee, Kwang-Nyeong;Ko, Young-Joon;Lee, Hyang-Sim;Cho, In-Soo;Nam, Seok-Hyun;Park, Jong-Hyeon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.103-109
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    • 2011
  • Asia1/Shamir that has been recommended by World Reference Laboratory for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is used as a vaccine strain, and is being prepared in many countries including Korea. Although it is assumed that vaccine strain Asia1/Shamir has a wide antigenicity, sufficient molecular biological analysis has not been accomplished yet. Complete genome sequence analysis showed that the region with the most severe variations was 1D region of structural protein-coding sequence; particularly amino acid 141~157 residues in 1D region RGD sites for binding to susceptible cells. In addition, five amino acids in 1D region were identified as characteristic sites that are different from other known Asia1 viruses. Asia1/Shamir strain was shown to be genetically similar to group VI that had occurred in the Middle East, but showed low level of genetic similarity to the group V viruses that had occurred in the Southeast Asia and China. It is considered that, if these viruses, group I and II including group V are introduced into Korea, care would be paid in case of inoculating the vaccine strain Shamir available in Korea.

A Study on IoT based Forensic Policy for Early Warning System of Plant & Animal as A Subsystem of National Disaster Response and Management (국가재난형 동·식물 조기경보시스템을 위한 IOT기반의 포렌식 정책 연구)

  • Chung, Ho-jin;Park, Dea-woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2014.05a
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    • pp.295-298
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    • 2014
  • In recently, a climatic change(such as subtropical climate and frequent unusual high temperature) and the open-trade policies of agricultural & livestock products are increasing the outbreak risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI) and foot and mouth disease(FMD), and accordingly the socio-economic damage and impacts are also increasing due to the cases such as damage from the last 5 times of FMD outbreak(3,800 billion won), from 10 years public control cost of Pine Wilt Disease (PWD)(238.3 billion won), and from the increased invasive pests of exotic plant like isoptera. Therefore, the establishment of new operation strategy of IoT(Internet of Things) based satellite early warning system(SEWS) for plants and animals as a subsystem of national disaster response and management system is being required, where the forensic technology & measures should be applied as a government policy to estimate the post compensation and to carry out the legal responsibility.

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Computational approaches for prediction of protein-protein interaction between Foot-and-mouth disease virus and Sus scrofa based on RNA-Seq

  • Park, Tamina;Kang, Myung-gyun;Nah, Jinju;Ryoo, Soyoon;Wee, Sunghwan;Baek, Seung-hwa;Ku, Bokkyung;Oh, Yeonsu;Cho, Ho-seong;Park, Daeui
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.73-83
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    • 2019
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious trans-boundary viral disease caused by FMD virus, which causes huge economic losses. FMDV infects cloven hoofed (two-toed) mammals such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and various wildlife species. To control the FMDV, it is necessary to understand the life cycle and the pathogenesis of FMDV in host. Especially, the protein-protein interaction between FMDV and host will help to understand the survival cycle of viruses in host cell and establish new therapeutic strategies. However, the computational approach for protein-protein interaction between FMDV and pig hosts have not been applied to studies of the onset mechanism of FMDV. In the present work, we have performed the prediction of the pig's proteins which interact with FMDV based on RNA-Seq data, protein sequence, and structure information. After identifying the virus-host interaction, we looked for meaningful pathways and anticipated changes in the host caused by infection with FMDV. A total of 78 proteins of pig were predicted as interacting with FMDV. The 156 interactions include 94 interactions predicted by sequence-based method and the 62 interactions predicted by structure-based method using domain information. The protein interaction network contained integrin as well as STYK1, VTCN1, IDO1, CDH3, SLA-DQB1, FER, and FGFR2 which were related to the up-regulation of inflammation and the down-regulation of cell adhesion and host defense systems such as macrophage and leukocytes. These results provide clues to the knowledge and mechanism of how FMDV affects the host cell.

Clinical Signs and Pathologic Lesions of Foot and Mouth Disease in Pigs, Korea (국내 발생 돼지 구제역의 임상증상, 육안병변 및 현미경적 병변)

  • 배유찬;윤순식;강경일;노인순;김희진;소병재;박중원;진영화;강문일
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.172-176
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    • 2004
  • We described the clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological lesions, and electronmicroscopy of pig Foot-and-Mouth Disease cases which had occurred in 2002, Korea. Grossly affected pigs showed vesicles on snout, tongue, coronary band, and udder. Histoapthologically, severe intercellular edema and necrosis of prickle cells, and separation between epidermis and dermis were found on the mucosa of tongue and coronary band. And myocardial necrosis and mononuclear cells infiltration in myocardium were found. Electronmicroscopically numerous picornavirus particles(18∼22 nm in diameter) were found in the cytoplasm of prickle cells. By those results, we confirm that those cases were typical FMD cases.

Prevention of FMD in slaughter house (도축장에서의 구제역 방역 문제점 및 대책)

  • 박재명;강신석;이종진;최필규;최해연
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.161-164
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    • 2001
  • 구제역 발생시 구체적인 방역요령은 "구제역 긴급 행동지침"에 따라 방역조치가 수행되며, 이 요령에서 정하지 못하는 사항들은 행정지침으로 전달된 방법에 따라 수행하게 된다. 본 기고는 구제역 방역을 일선에서 시행한 결과를 토대로 재검토한 바, 모든 감수성 동물은 최종도착지가 도축장인 점을 감안할 때 도축장방역이 매우 중요함에도 불구하고 "구제역 긴급 행동지침"이 구체적이지 못하였으며 일선 방역 검사기관의 능력과 여건이 고려되지 않고 방역 및 검사업무는 물론 제반 행정사항을 검사원에게 일임함으로써 결과적으로 업무가중에 의한 검사처리능력의 한계점을 넘는 결과를 초래하였다 따라서 "구제역 긴급 행동지침" 및 자체 가상 시나리오 작성시 도축장 방역을 보완하여 유사시 효율적인 방역 검사가 이루어질 수 있도록 다음과 같이 제언한다. (1) 검사원의 증원방안 (2) 검사업무 보조원 확보 방안(기능직 공무원 대체) (3) 정육 및 부산물 처리장 선정(특히 오수 및 장내용물 처리방안) (4) 사법권의 적절한 활용방안

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Needs of Biosecurity and Protocols for the Environmental Management of Carcasses Burial (가축매몰지 환경관리에 있어 차단방역의 필요 및 절차)

  • Cho, Ho-Seong;Kim, Geonha
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 2012
  • Avian influenza (AI) and foot and mouth disease (FMD) are two main contagious pathogenic viruses causing massive mortality burial, as burial is a primary measure to quaranteen the causative viruse(s). Biosecurity is a set of preventive measures designed to reduce the risk of propagation of infectious diseases. Main objectives of this paper were to discuss the needs of biosecurity and develop protocol outlines for environmental management of burial sites. Pathological characteristics of contagious viruses should be considered during environmental management practices. Current practice prescribes to minimize the potential for on-farm pollution and the spread of infectious diseases, policy makers should understand robust knowledge regarding biosecurity to make informed decisions on future legislation.

Research on Indoor Thermal Environment and Residents' Control Behavior of Cooling according to Household Type in Apartment (가구 유형에 따른 여름철 공동주택의 실내온열환경과 냉방 조절 행위에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, Chi-Hye;Bae, Nu-Ri;Chun, Chung-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.89-96
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    • 2008
  • This study measured the thermal environment and residents' control behaviors of cooing according to 3 groups of household type-families with preschool children, families of middle age and families of senior. The object of this study are to fmd the difference of the actual condition of indoor thermal environment and cooling control behavior by age or household type and to develop user oriented climate control system. The results were summarized as follows. When the age of members at household is younger, the indoor mean temperature and temperature that people turned off the air conditioner became lower. These different indoor thermal environment of each group means that younger generation is familiar with cooler from their early age and these early uses of cooler made them prefer cooler condition than family of senior. Therefore, this results show that different indoor thermal environment is influenced by factors such as household type and metabolism difference and so on.

Contact Fatigue Life for RRG System (BRG 시스템의 접촉 피로수명)

  • Nam, Hyoung-Chul;Kim, Chang-Hyun;Kwon, Soon-Man
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.95-101
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    • 2012
  • An internal type roller ring gear(RRG) system composed of either a pin or a roller ring gear and its conjugated cam pinion can improve the gear endurance from that of a conventional gear system by reducing the sliding contact, while increasing the rolling motion. In this paper, we first proposed the exact cam gear profile and the self-intersection conditions obtained when the profile shift coefficient is introduced. Then, we investigated contact stresses and surface pitting life to fmd characteristics for surface fatigue by varying the shape design parameters. The results show that the pitting life can be extended significantly by increasing the profile shift coefficient.