• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.643-649
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• 1999

In this paper, we proposed that ｉ) noise-tolerant four kinds of AM(Amplitude Modulation)-FM(Frequency Modulation) demodulators are designed, ⅱ) we derived undersampling frequency through the product via energy operator of the monocomponent AM-FM signals separated form two-component AM-FM signals, and ⅲ) these four kinds of AM-FM demodulators detect respectively information signals of the IA(Instantaneous Amplitude) and IF(Instantaneous Frequency) by undersampling frequency to be different each other from the undersampled monocomponet AM-FM signals. Particularly, the proposed algorithm can control undersampling frequency by an integer factor. And these efficient AM-FM demodulators are well worked with the undersampled AM-FM signals.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develop a converting algorithm for providing real-time traffic information through the FM DARC(DAta Radio Channel). The converting algorithm based on the GIS node-link system enables raw traffic data to be a standard traffic information. The standard traffic information in data quality, quantity and format is an essential to construct the FM DARC traffic information system effectively. We have developed the algorithm and applied it to the FM DARC system. After introducing FM DARC briefly, this paper presents GIS DB, the converting algorithm and the client/server FM DARC system.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2019

Background: We aimed to explore the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 and 2011 fibromyalgia (FM) classification criteria's items and the components of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) to identify features best discriminating FM features. Finally, we developed a combined FM diagnostic (C-FM) model using the FM's key features. Methods: The means and frequency on tender points (TPs), ACR 2011 components and FIQ items were calculated in the FM and non-FM (osteoarthritis [OA] and non-OA) patients. Then, two-step multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to order these variables according to their maximal statistical contribution in predicting group membership. Partial correlations assessed their unique contribution, and two-group discriminant analysis provided a classification table. Using receiver operator characteristic analyses, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of the final model. Results: A total of 172 patients with FM, 75 with OA and 21 with periarthritis or regional pain syndromes were enrolled. Two steps multiple logistic regression analysis identified 8 key features of FM which accounted for 64.8% of variance associated with FM group membership: lateral epicondyle TP with variance percentages (36.9%), neck pain (14.5%), fatigue (4.7%), insomnia (3%), upper back pain (2.2%), shoulder pain (1.5%), gluteal TP (1.2%), and FIQ fatigue (0.9%). The C-FM model demonstrated a 91.4% correct classification rate, 91.9% for sensitivity and 91.7% for specificity. Conclusions: The C-FM model can accurately detect FM patients among other pain disorders. Re-inclusion of TPs along with saving of FM main symptoms in the C-FM model is a unique feature of this model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.413-418
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• 2001

민첩생산의 필요성이 날로 증가하고 있는 생산환경 하에서 대표적인 자동생산시스템인 FMS의 효율적인 운영과 동시에 원격지에서의 FMS 모니터링 및 제어는 필수화되고 있다. 최근에 시뮬레이션을 기반으로 하는 가상생산의 개념이 일반화되고 이를 지원하는 다양한 정보기술의 발전에 따라 FMS에도 적용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 웹환경 하에서 실재 FMS와 이에 대응되는 가상 FMS를 통합함으로서 원격지에서의 효율적 운영을 지원하는 모니터링 및 제어시스템 구축방법을 소개하고자 한다. 또한 키트형 FMS와 이에 대한 가상 FMS 모델를 대상하여 적용한 결과를 소개하도록 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 2014

Three mushroom mycelia, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceum, and Phellinus linteus, were separately diluted with the natural culture media Acanthopanax senticosus. Solid-state fermentation was used to produce three different A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelium groups: G. lucidum mycelia, H. erinaceum mycelia, and P. linteus mycelia. The resulting mycelia were analyzed to assess their efficacies as health functional foods. Optimized fermentation conditions were determined by considering the density and growth speed of mycelia in each A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelium group. The cultured mushroom mycelia under the optimized conditions were extracted using water and 70% ethanol. Extraction was followed by filtration, concentration and freeze-drying to produce extract powder of A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelia: Water extracts (FM-5111, FM-5121, and FM-5131) and 70% ethanol extracts (FM-5112, FM-5122, and FM-5132). Analysis of extract powder of A. senticosus-fermented mushroom mycelia was performed using the maker compounds eleutheroside B and eleutheroside E. Analysis of ${\beta}$-glucan contents was performed by enzymatic procedures.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.9-25
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• 1984

중품종, 중량생산용의 합리적인 생산 system의 일형태로서 미국 Kearney & Trecker 사가 실용하고 있는 Flexible Manufacturing System(약칭 F.M.S.)을 처음으로 발표한 것은 1960 년대 후반이었다. 그러나 이 FMS도 그 후 얼마동안은 선전마저도 되는일 없이 지내왔다. 그런데 사회의 발전과 더불어 사회의 제품에 대한 요구가 다양화, 단수명화의 방향으로 진보되어, 그 결과, FMS의 중요성이 인식되게 되었다. 그리고 1970 년대후반부터 라고 표현될만한 상황이 일본,미국,서독 등 3개국을 중심으로 표현했다. 당초에는 라고 하는 용어만이 선행한 바람 직하지 못한 점은 있었으나 그후 FMS의 본질을 이해한 System의 도입증가와 함께 FMS 기술도 상당히 발전되어 왔다. 또한 FMS의 가동예의 증가와 더불어 그 도입효과가 눈부시다는 것이 분명해졌다. 이 FMS의 중요성은 , 혹은 라고 하는 말로 집약되는데 당연히 현재로서는 FMS는 공업선진국, 개발 도상국을 막론하고 큰 화제를 불러 일으키고 있다. 따라서 이와같은 중요한 FMS의 상황을 국제적인 관점에서 정확히 파악한다는 것은 매우 중요한 일이다. 그러나 현금에 있어서의 FMS기술의 급속한 진보는 이와같은 관점에서의 상황파악을 매우 어렵게 하고 있다. 이제까지도 예컨데 Scharf와 Schulz, Hutchinson, Spur와 Mertinz 혹은 기계기술협회생산기술조사분과회(일본)의 조사예가 있으나, 상세한 것은 각국별, 혹은 각사별의 해설을 참조하지 않으면 이해할 수 없다. 더우기 이제까지는 기계가공용 FMS가 주체였으나 현대에 이르러서는 FMS의 적용범위는 판금가공, 단조가공, Plastic사출성형가공, 조립 등에 널리 이용되어 왔기때문에 점점 그 현상의 파악이 어려워지고 있다. 따라서, 여기서는 그와같은 FMS의 현상과 장래의 발전동향을 간단히 이해할 수 있도록 개설하고자 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1407-1413
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM) on the performance of pigs and taurine content in pork. A total of 135 cross-bred (L${\times}$Y${\times}$D) pigs, weighing an average 46 kg, were assigned to five dietary treatments; Control, 3% FM supplemented diet (3% FM), 3% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxin supplemented diet (3% FMpyridoxin), 6% FM supplemented diet (6% FM) and 6% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxine supplemented diet (6% FM-pyridoxin). Each treatment had 3 replications of 9 pigs (4 gilts and 5 barrows) each. Pigs were fed for 11 weeks under a phase feeding program which consisted of grower (0-3 week), grow-finisher (4-8 week) and finisher (9-11 week) periods. During the whole feeding period, ADG and ADFI of pigs fed FM treatments tended to increase in general compared to the control. Feed conversion ratio (feed/gain) of the control was significantly (p<0.05) lower than FM treatments. Taurine content of the control was highest in heart muscle (1,393.8 ppm) followed by liver (647.3 ppm), tenderloin (601.2 ppm), ham (462.4 ppm) and loin (375.8 ppm). Taurine contents of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin were significantly (p<0.05) increased by FM treatments. Taurine content was highest in the 6% FM-pyridoxin treatment. Taurine content of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin on 6% FM-pyridoxin supplementation were increased by 91%, 23%, 27% and 29%, respectively, compared with the control. Sensory tests of the pork showed that there was no consistent response among the treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of FM and pyridoxin to a pig diet can increase taurine content of the pork.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

Over the years, great attention has been shown to the function of the campus facilities that should be well-equipped, operated and maintained to better support university's two main goals: providing education and supporting research. Properly managing campus facilities is the initial step to be prepared to meet the rapidly changing global educational standard. However, so far, no definitive answer has been given to the question of what service level/scope is appropriate for the effective campus facility management (FM) in Korea. Therefore, at the outset, it is imperative to establish the framework for the standardized campus FM services. The main focus of this research is to provide comprehensive understanding on the campus FM by establishing the framework in the form of FM performance indicator (PI). As the first step, FM standards set by Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS) has been thoroughly reviewed and analyzed to establish the framework for FM standards applicable to campus facility management. Secondly, extensive literature review on the development of performance indicator (PI) for the educational facilities has been conducted to classify PI types and complement FM_KS. Finally, specific guideline and PIs developed by APPA which is globally well-known association in the field of FM for higher education facilities has been added to the combined PI which is the mixed form of FM_KS and PIs from the previous literature. This research provides campus facility managers and FM outsourcing service providers with framework in the form of PI to support future directions of effective campus FM services.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2024

This study evaluated the utilization of a low fish meal (LFM) diet and black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens meal and oil as a fish meal (FM) substitute or functional additive for juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus at the Jeju fish farm. Two experimental diets replaced FM using animal (tankage, poultry byproduct and tuna byproduct meal) and plant (wheat gluten and soy protein concentrate) protein sources, containing 45% (FM45) and 35% (FM35) of FM, respectively. One experimental diet replaced FM with animal, plant, and BSF meal, fish oil using insect meal and oil (FM35+). After the feeding trial ended, no differences in growth performance, feed utilization, survival and biological indices were observed among all experimental groups. Aspartate aminotransferase and cholesterol levels in the FM35 and FM35+ groups were significantly higher than that in the FM70 group. The linoleic acid level in the muscle was significantly higher in the fish fed with the FM70 diet than in those fed with the FM45, FM35, and FM35+ diets. Thus, the LFM diet is suitable for juvenile olive flounder farming during six months.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2000

The IBAC (In-Band Adjacent-Channel) DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) system is to provide multichannel CD quality audio services and multimedia data services including text and picture in FM band (88~105 MHz). As the FM band is being used by the existing analog radio broadcasting, there must he an analysis of the interference effect between IBAC DAB and analog FM signal. Therefore, the protection ratio should be evaluated to verify the system compatibility and allocate the new IBAC DAB channel in FM band. In this paper, among the three types of interferences, FM-to-DAB, DAB-to-FM and DAB-to-DAB, that can be occurred, the Protection ratio of IBAC DAB system for co-channel FM interferer is analyzed by modeling the FM interferer and considering the multipath fading channel. The simulation results show that IBAC DAB system has far better sensitivity than Eureka 147 and needs a relatively high protection ratio for co-channel FM interferer, because of its narrow bandwidth, about one third of that of Eureka 147.