• Title/Summary/Keyword: FDR

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An Efficient False Data Reduction Algorithm in P2P Environment (P2P환경에 유효한 허위 데이터 감축 알고리즘)

  • Lee, Won-Joo;Kim, Seung-Yun;Jeon, Chang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.1-3
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    • 2005
  • 현재 P2P(Peer-to-Peer) 환경에서는 많은 허위 데이터가 생성되면서 불필요한 네트워크 트래픽이 증가하는 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 줄일 수 있는 FDR(False Data Reduction) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 멀티미디어 콘텐츠 파일의 헤더 정보를 이용하여 데이터 파일에 고유 ID를 부여함으로써 허위 데이터 생성을 방지한다. 또한 허위 데이터로 확인된 데이터는 각 peer에 저장된 데이터 전송경로를 이용하여 허위 데이터를 삭제함으로써 허위 데이터 증가에 따른 네트워크 트래픽을 감소시킨다.

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Formal Analysis of E-Commerce Protocols based on Smart Cards (스마트 카드 기반 전자상거래 프로토콜 정형분석)

  • Kim Il-Gon;Moon Young-Joo;Kim Hyun-Seok;Kang Inhye;Choi Jin-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.349-351
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    • 2005
  • 스마트 카드 보급의 확산과 더불어 CEPS(Common Electronic Purse Specification) 전자지갑 규제 표준을 기반으로 한 전자상거래 서비스의 개발이 활성화 되고 있다. 전자상거래 프로토콜은 그 특성상, 소비자와 상인간의 정확한 물품 거래가 이루어져야 할 뿐만 아니라, 문제 발생시 상호간의 원인규명을 판단하기 위한 기준이 마련되어 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 CSP 언어를 이용하여 CEPS 기반 전자상거래 프로토콜의 행위를 정형 명세하였고, FDR 도구를 이용하여 전자상거래 관점에서 문제점을 분석해 보았다.

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Analysis of the M-Commerce Protocol based on Diffie-Hellman (Diffie-Hellman기반 M-Commerce 프로토콜 분석)

  • Kim Hyun-Seok;Kim Il-Gon;Choi Jin-Young;Noh Jung-Hyun;Yoo Hee-Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.226-228
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    • 2005
  • 최근 모바일 단말기를 이용한 전자상거래 서비스가 활발해 짐에 따라, 사용자 및 서비스 제공자간의 통신 안전성 확보가 중요한 문제로 인식되고 있다. 지금까지 제안된 대부분의 모바일 프로토콜들은 상호 안전한 키 교환을 위해 Diffie-Hellman 알고리즘을 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 BCY 및 ASK 프로토콜을 통해서 Diffie-Hellman 알고리즘 기반 모바일 프로토콜의 상호 키 교환 및 인증절차를 살펴보고, Casper 및 FDR 도구를 이용하여 무선환경기반 M-Commerce 프로토콜의 안전성을 분석하였다.

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Discussion of the edge flame structure at the near flammability limits (가연한계 영역에서의 에지 화염 구조 및 고찰)

  • Lee, Min Jung;Jung, Yongjin;Kim, Nam Il
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2015.12a
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    • pp.245-246
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    • 2015
  • In this study, the structure of a edge flame near the flammability limits was explored through several paths approaching the combustion limits of a non-premixed flame: i.e., increase of fuel dilution ratio (FDR), reduction of mean flow velocity and variation of gravity effect. As a result, a unique interesting flame structure was discovered; i.e., a diffusion flame branch was enclosed by two asymmetric premixed flame branches. These structures have been compared for various fuels. Conclusively, each fuel has different flame structure and the meaning of this structure was discussed concerned about our understanding of laminar flame structures.

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Estimation of high-dimensional sparse cross correlation matrix

  • Yin, Cao;Kwangok, Seo;Soohyun, Ahn;Johan, Lim
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.655-664
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    • 2022
  • On the motivation by an integrative study of multi-omics data, we are interested in estimating the structure of the sparse cross correlation matrix of two high-dimensional random vectors. We rewrite the problem as a multiple testing problem and propose a new method to estimate the sparse structure of the cross correlation matrix. To do so, we test the correlation coefficients simultaneously and threshold the correlation coefficients by controlling FRD at a predetermined level α. Further, we apply the proposed method and an alternative adaptive thresholding procedure by Cai and Liu (2016) to the integrative analysis of the protein expression data (X) and the mRNA expression data (Y) in TCGA breast cancer cohort. By varying the FDR level α, we show that the new procedure is consistently more efficient in estimating the sparse structure of cross correlation matrix than the alternative one.

An Experimental Study on the Accuracy of Concrete Unit-Water Content Using High-frequency Water Fraction Sensors (고주파수분센서를 이용한 콘크리트 단위수량 평가 정확도에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Youn, Ji-Won;Lee, Seung-Yeop;Yu, Seung-Hwan;Yang, Hyun-Min;Lee, Han-Seung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2022.04a
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    • pp.61-62
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    • 2022
  • The unit quantity is an important factor influencing the durability, workability, and quality of concrete. Methods for measuring the unit quantity include a high frequency heating method, a unit volume mass method, a capacitance method, and a microwave method. However, these methods have disadvantages of poor measurement method, time required, and accuracy, and a relatively experimental method compensating for these disadvantages was used to measure the unit quantity using a high frequency main sensor (FDR) capable of simple and fast measurement. In addition, the unit quantity was evaluated by analyzing the measurement data through deep learning.

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Status Change Monitoring of Semiconductor Plasma Process Equipment (주파수 도메인 반사파 측정법을 이용한 플라즈마 공정장비 상태변화 연구)

  • Yunsang Lee;Sang Jeen Hong
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.52-55
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    • 2024
  • In this paper, a state change study was conducted through Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) technology for the process chamber of plasma equipment for semiconductor manufacturing. In the experiment, by direct connecting the network analyzer to the RF matcher input of the 300 mm plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) chamber, S11 was measured in a situation where plasma was not applied, and the frequency domain reacting to the chamber state change was searched. Response factors to changes in the status, such as temperature, spacing of the heating chuck, internal pressure difference, and process gas supply state were confirmed. Through this, the frequency domain in which a change in the reflection value was detected through repeated experiments. The reliability of the measured micro-displacement was verified through reproducibility experiments.

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Irrigation Control for Improving Irrigation Efficiency in Coir Substrate Hydroponic System (코이어 배지 수경재배에서 관수효율 향상을 위한 급액 제어)

  • Yoo, Hyung-Joo;Choi, Eun-Young;Lee, Yong-Beom
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.153-160
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    • 2015
  • The objectives of this study were to determine optimal length of off-time between irrigation cycles to improve irrigation efficiency using a frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor-automated irrigation (FAI) system for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation aimed at minimizing effluent from coir substrate hydroponics. For treatments, the 5-minute off-time length between 3-minute run-times (defined as 3R5F), 10-minute off-time length between 3-minute run-times (defined as 3R10F), or 15-minute off-time length between 5-minute run-times (defined as 5R15F) were set. During the 3-minute or 5-minute run-time, a 60mL or 80mL of nutrient solution was irrigated to each plant, respectively. Until 62 days after transplant (DAT) during the autumn to winter cultivation, daily irrigation volume was in the order of 3R5F (858mL) > 5R15F (409mL) > 3R10F (306mL) treatment, and daily drainage ratio was in the order of 3R5F (44%) > 5R15F (23%) > 3R10F (14%). Between 63 and 102 DAT, daily irrigated volume was in the order of 5R15F (888mL) > 3R5F (695mL) > 3R10F (524mL) with the highest drainage ratio, 19% (${\pm}2.6$), at the 5R15F treatment. During the spring to summer cultivation, daily irrigation volume and drainage ratio per plant was higher in the 3R5F treatment than that of the 3R10F treatment. For both cultivations, a higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed under the 3R10F treatment. Integrated all the data suggest that the optimal off-time length is 10 minutes.

Effect of EC Level of Nutrient Solution on the Yield and Quality of Cut Rose Based on Mixed Coir and Perlite (코이어와 펄라이트 혼합배지를 이용한 절화장미 수경재배 시급액농도가 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Gyeong-Lee;Cho, Myeong-Whan;Seo, Tae-Cheol;Roh, Mi-Young;Rhee, Han-Cheol
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.348-353
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    • 2009
  • Organic materials reveal the remarkable absorption and high buffer capacity for nutrient. Hence, organic materials need some different nutrient management skill from inorganic one. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of EC level of nutrient solution on the yield and quality of cut rose grown in the mixed substrate of coir and perlite. 3 EC levels of nutrient solution was treated, which were 0.7, 1.0, 1.3 times of standard solution (Aichiken solution, Japan) for cut rose hydroponics. EC of the standard solution was changed by season following as 1.4 (Apr.~June), 1.0 (July~Aug.), 1.4 (Sep.~Oct.), and $1.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ (Nov.~Mar.) subsequently. The supply of nutrient solution was controlled by the signal of water potential at -5kPa using frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor. As the results, marketable yield was similar for all treatments until 3rd harvest, but was decreased in high EC level from 4th harvest to 7th harvest as final. 0.7 times of standard solution decreased the ratio of unmarketable rose having short stem below 70cm and increased the ratio of high quality rose having long stem above 91cm. The flower weight and stem diameter of cut rose was higher in the low EC treatment than the others.

Moisture Contents Setting according to Growth Stages of when the Cultivation of Gastrodia elata in Indoor Facilities (천마 실내시설재배 시 생육단계별 수분함량 설정)

  • Kim, Chang Su;Kim, Hyo Jin;Seo, Sang Young;Ahn, Min Sil;Kim, Hee Jun;Lee, Wang Hyu
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2018.10a
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    • pp.77-77
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    • 2018
  • 천마(Gastrodia elata)는 연중생산을 위해 실내시설 재배 시 생육모델을 구죽하고, 생육단계에 따른 온도, 수분, $CO_2$ 등 환경 조건 설정이 필요하다. 본 연구는 천마의 생육단계 중 괴경형성기와 괴경비대기의 수분함량을 설정하여 최적의 환경조건을 찾기 위해 수행하였다. 먼저 괴경형성기 수분함량 공급은 괴경형성기에 -20kPa, -30kPa, -40kPa로 처리하여 120일간 배양한 뒤, 괴경비대기를 -40kPa로 고정하여 60일간 배양하였다. 반면, 괴경비대기 수분함량 공급은 괴경형성기를 -30kPa로 고정하여 120일간 배양한 뒤 괴경비대기에 -20kPa, -30kPa, -40kPa, -50kPa로 처리하여 60일간 배양하였다. Tensiometer(토양수분장력계)기를 설치하여 수분을 공급하였고, FDR센서 (UbiMas, CoCo sensor, Frequency domain reflectometry type)를 배양토의 깊이 5 cm와 15 cm에 2개를 설치하여 평균값으로 수분함량을 측정하였으며, 전체수량, 성마율, 종마율 등을 조사하였다. FDR센서로 수분함량을 측정한 결과, -20 kPa은 43.3%, -30 kPa은 34.7%, -40 kPa은 29.8%, -50 kPa은 25.3%로 측정되었다. 괴경형성기 수분함량 처리 후 수확기의 상자 당 전체수량은 -30 kPa일 때 985 g으로 가장 많았고, -40 kPa일 때 912 g, -20 kPa일 때 703 g으로 처리간의 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 성마율은 수분함량처리별 각각 25, 34, 30% 이었고, 종마율은 수분함량처리별 각각 53, 73, 65%로 나타났다. 따라서 -30 kPa 처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 전체수량, 성마율, 종마율 등이 유의적으로 우수하였다. 괴경비대기 수분 함량 처리 후 수확기의 상자 당 전체수량은 -40 kPa일 때 992 g으로 가장 많았고, -50 kPa일 때 955 g, -30 kPa일 때 903 g, -20 kPa일 때 686 g 순으로 나타났다. -30 kPa에서 -50 kPa 사이에서는 전체 수량의 유의성 차이는 없었다. 성마율은 수분함량처리별 각각 20, 30, 35, 33%이었고, 종마율은 수분함량처리별 각각 45, 65, 75, 68%로 나타났다. 따라서 -40 kPa 처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 전체수량, 성마율, 종마율 등이 유의적으로 우수하였다. 반면 -20 kPa 처리구는 과도한 수분으로 천마가 오히려 부패될 수 있는 환경조건이 조성됨에 따라 성마율, 종마율 등 전체적인 수량 감소에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단되었다.

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