• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2023

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of Rubus coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermented feed (RC-LAB fermented feed) and three types of LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis) on the expression of transcription factors and cytokines in Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in the intestinal lymph nodes and spleens of rats. In addition, the effect on intestinal microbiota composition and body weight was investigated. Methods: Five-week-old male rats were assigned to five treatments and eight replicates. The expression of transcription factors and cytokines of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in the intestinal lymph nodes and spleens was analyzed using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays. Intestinal tract microbiota compositions were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Results: RC-LAB fermented feed and three types of LAB increased the expression of transcription factors and cytokines in Th1, Treg cells and Galectin-9, but decreased in Th2 and Th17 cells. In addition, the intestinal microbiota composition changed, the body weight and Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio decreased, and the relative abundance of LAB increased. Conclusion: LAB fermented feed and three types of LAB showed an immune modulation effect by inducing T cell polarization and increased LAB in the intestinal microbiota.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2017

We designed the CMOS analog integrate and fire (I&F) neuron circuit for driving memristor based on resistive-switching random access memory (RRAM). And we fabricated the RRAM device that have $HfO_2$ switching layer using atomic layer deposition (ALD). The RRAM device has gradual set and reset characteristics. By spice modeling of the synaptic device, we performed circuit simulation of synaptic device and CMOS neuron circuit. The neuron circuit consists of a current mirror for spatial integration, a capacitor for temporal integration, two inverters for pulse generation, a refractory part, and finally a feedback part for learning of the RRAM. We emulated the spike-timing-dependent-plasticity (STDP) characteristic that is performed automatically by pre-synaptic pulse and feedback signal of the neuron circuit. By STDP characteristics, the synaptic weight, conductance of the RRAM, is changed without additional control circuit.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1999

본 노문에서는 무성방전의 중첩을 이용한 새로운 방전형식의 고농도.소수율 다중방전형 오존발생기를 설계.제작하였다. 다중반전형 오존발생기(MDO)는 설치된 3개의 전극과 길이가 다른 2개의 방전간극에 $180[^{\circ}]$의 위상차를 가진 2개의 고류고전압 전원의 인가에 따라서 무성방전의 중첩에 의하여 오존생성특성이 각기 다른 3가지 형태의 중첩방전형 오존발생기(SDO)의 형태변화에 따른 방전특성과 오존생성특성을 연구한 결과, 최대 17185[ppm] 및 783[g/kwh]의 오존생성특성을 얻을 수 있었으며, 17185[ppm] 의 오존을 염색폐수에 접촉시켰을 때, 탈색특성이 우수하여 다중방전형 오존발생기가 수질환경개선 설비로 적용가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

Anthocyanin in blackish purple rice is composed of cyanidin, peonidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin flavylium ion and their glucosides, which shows antioxidant activity similar to a-tocoperol. It has been demonstrated that cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) of anthocyanin has a high-potency antioxidant activity, and is a prominent in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. In analysis of content of anthocyanin from the genetic source of blackish purple rice, the level of C3G was approximately 80% of total contents of anthocyanins, and showed the highest content in Heugjinjubyeo, of which contains an amount of 500 mg by weight of 100g brown rice in comparison that most of varieties has less than 50mg by weight of 100g brown rice. We found that C3G pigment in blackish purple rice was considerably affected by cultural season, cultivation area, ripening temperature, and weather condition, etc. as well as genetic properties. In cross combination between Heugjinjubyeo and Suwon425, intermediate parent $F_9$ generation which was three times higher or more in C3G content than that of Heugjinjubyeo was bred, of which it contained an amount of 1678 mg by weight of 100g brown rice, and we called it 'C3GHi' Rice. And, we found that the C3GHi rice was more excellent than that of the existing Heugjinjubyeo in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. Methanol extract from Heugjinjubyeo was fractionated by organic solvents in order of n-hexane, $CH_{2}Cl_2$ and n-BuOH, and then oryzafuran, quercetin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid and their structures from the n-BuOH fraction were ascertained. Oryzafuran of these compounds was a natural compound found firstly in nature. Quercetin and protocatechuic acid besides new compound oryzafuran showed excellent antioxidant ability to vitamin C. These results suggest that blackish purple rice has very high value as a source of various functional food as well as staple food.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2002

Objectives: Haeganjeon(HGJ) has been used for the treatment of liver disease in traditional medicine. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and protective effects of HGJ extract on oxidative damage of hepatocytes by tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP). Methods: In the linoleic acid water-alcohol system, the levels of lipid peroxide(LPO) were determined by TBA method. The scavenging effect of HGJ on ${\alpha},{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl$(DPPH) radical was determined according to the method of Hatano. In the Fenton system(ferrous ion reaction with hydrogen peroxide), the levels of hydroxyl radical induced LPO in rat liver homogenate were determined according to the method of TBA. Inhibitory effect of HGJ on superoxide generation was measured by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. In order to evaluate antioxidative activity of HGJ in the liver cell, cultured normal rat liver cells(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without HGJ. After 18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP) for 2hrs. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay. Conclusions: In the linoleic acid autoxidation system, HGJ extract significantly inhibited the time course of the lipid peroxidation. These effects were similar to those of BHA HGJ extracts showed about 70% scavenging effect on DPPH radical. And HGJ extract inhibited the lipid peroxide formation in rat liver homogenate induced by hydroxyl radical derived from Fenton system. In addition, HGJ extract protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell. These result indicated that HGJ extract might playa protective role against oxidative hepatic cell injury by means of free radical scavenger.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2018

Newly-designed high-rise buildings, both in China and abroad, have demonstrated new innovations from the creative concept to the creative method. from the creative concept to the creative method. At the same time, digital technology has enabled more design freedom in the vertical dimension. "Twisting" has gradually become the morphological choice of many city landmark buildings in recent years. The form seems more likely to be driven by the interaction of aesthetics and structural engineering. Environmental performance is often a secondary consideration; it is typically not simulated until the evaluation phase. Based on the research results of "DigitalFUTURE Shanghai 2017 Workshop - Wind Tunnel Visualization", an approach that can be employed by architects to design environmental-performance buildings during the early stages has been explored. The integration of a dynamic form-finding approach (DFFA) and programming transforms the complex relationship between architecture and environment into a dialogue of computer language and dynamic models. It allows the design to focus on the relationship between morphology and the surrounding environment, and is not limited to the envelope form itself. This new concept of DFFA in this research consists of three elements: 1) architectural form; 2) integration of wind tunnel and dynamic models; and 3) environmental response. The concept of wind tunnel testing integrated with a dynamic model fundamentally abandons the functional definition of the traditional static environment simulation analysis. Instead it is driven by integral environmental performance as the basic starting point of morphological generation.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2019

'아람'은 보석(IT213209)과 Camp (IT267356)를 모본으로 2007년 인공교배 하여 F₁, F₂ 분리집단을 전개하고 F₃-F₄ 세대는 세계 채소 센터(AVRDC, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center)에서 세대촉진을 수행하고 F₅ 세대에서 계통을 선발하였다. 2012년~2013년 생산력검정시험을 통해 수량과 농업적 형질을 평가하고, 2014~2016년 수원, 나주, 달성, 제주에서 지역적응시험을 수행하여 지역별 적응성과 재배 안정성을 평가하였다. 아람은 유한신육형이며 엽형이 삼각형, 화색이 백색, 모용색이 회색, 협색은 황색이며 종실은 소립 구형으로 백립중이 9.9 g으로 풍산나물콩보다 1.0 g 가볍고 종피색은 황색, 배꼽색은 담갈색의 질적 특성을 가지고 있다. 개화기는 8월 5일, 성숙기는 10월 15일로 만숙종이며 풍산나물콩 보다 7일 느리다. 경장은 65 cm, 착협고는 13 cm, 마디수는 16개, 분지수는 4.5개이며 분지가 길고 각도가 작은 도원추형 초형이다. 내병성 검정결과 불마름병, 종자 이병립율, 검은뿌리 썩음병, 콩나방 저항성 등이 모두 강하였으며, 콩모자이크바이러스는 G5, G6H, G7H 접종 시 모자이크 증상이 나타났으나 3년간의 자연 이병 검정결과에서는 병징이 조사되지 않았다. 발아특성은 발아세와 발아율 모두 풍산나물콩보다 우수하였으며 콩나물 특성은 풍산나물콩과 비슷한 수준이었다. 수량성은 지역적응시험 결과 남부지역 평균 3.59 ton/ha로 풍산나물콩 대비 12% 증수되었다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2009

덩굴 페튜니아의 $F_1$품종 육성을 위한 순계를 선발하기 위하여 품종 및 계통을 수집하여 2004년부터 자가 수분을 매년 1회 또는 2회 실시하여 2008년에는 자식(selfing) 5세대($S_5$) 또는 7세대($S_7$)를 진전시켰으며, 유지하여온 계통 중에서 생육 및 개화 특성이 균일한 surfinia petunia 20개 계통과 wave petunia 28개 계통을 최종적으로 선발하였고 이들의 특성은 다음과 같다. Surfinia petunia는 엽수가 300개 이상이고 초폭이 60 cm 이상으로 생육이 왕성한 계통으로 '$Pe99-017^7$' 등 10개 계통을, 식물체당 개화수가 150개 이상으로 많은 계통으로 '$Pe99-008-1^7$' 등 14개를 선발하였다. 선발된 계통을 화색별로 구분하면 적자색 그룹은 '$Pe99-017^7$' 등 13계통이고, 자주색 그룹은 '$Pe99-007^7$' 등 3계통이고, 남색 그룹은 '$Pe04-086^5$'와 '$Pe04-159^5$' 계통이고, 흰색 그룹은 '$Pe04-072-1^5$'이다. 이들 선발 계통들의 엽장이 3.0~4.0 cm로 작은 계통들은 '$Pe04-086^5$' 등 7개이고, 화경이 4.0~5.0 cm로 작은 계통들은 '$Pe02-205-2^5$' 등 8개이다. 측지수는 6.0개에서 11.0개 정도였으며 절간장은 2.0~4.2 cm로 분포되었다. Wave petunia는 엽수가 200개 이상이고 초폭이 60 cm 이상으로 생육이 왕성한 계통들로는 '$Pe99-020^7$'등 10개 계통이고, 식물체당 개화수가 150개 이상으로 많은 계통들은 '$Pe04-034-2^5$' 등 12개이다. 선발된 계통의 화색에 있어서 적색 그룹은 '$Pe04-113-4^5$'등 3개 계통이고, 적자색 그룹은 '$Pe99-020^7$' 등 18개 계통이고, 자주색 그룹은 '$Pe04-270-2^5$'이고, 청보라색 그룹은 '$Pe04-201^5$'과 '$Pe04-263^5$'계통이며, 보라색 그룹은 '$Pe04-072-5^5$'계통이고, 백색 그룹은 '$Pe04-180-2^5$' 등 3개 계통이다. 엽장이 3.0~4.0 cm로 작은 계통은 '$Pe04-263^5$' 등 11개 이고, 화경이 4.0~5.0 cm로 작은 계통은 '$Pe04-201^5$' 등 9개 이다. 측지수는 8.0개에서 13.0개 정도이고 절간장은 1.0~3.0 cm로 분포되었다. 본 연구로 육성된 덩굴 페튜니아 계통들은 일대잡종 품종육성을 위한 우수한 자원이 될 것으로 본다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2002

This paper is the second part of a series of the research about the Teddy boy style which is to examine various fashion changes in subcultural styles in 1900s. The main concern of this research is to investigate the creation and meaning of the Teddy boy style, how it interacted with the elements of class and generation and how the materials needed by the group constructed and appropriated into the visible systematic cultural form of correspondence. The Teddy Boys are the first recognized members of the British youth culture, which is known as the new Edwardian because of their dress. They had created the concept of the "teenagers," which forms the basis of the sense of a "generation" in the 20th century. The Teds set the style that would be used and modified in the following generations. They adopted the Edwardian style of the upper class, and changed it into their own style by modifying it and adding to it some other elements. The Teddy boys style is a special version of the sartorial appropriation encountered in the sphere of the fashion history. It actually began immediately after the war by the upper class youth far from the working class neighborhood. In the late 1953, the elitist aura surrounding the Edwardian suit was suddenly shattered. Within just a few months, the Edwardian suit became a source of social anxiety and the focus of a symbolic battle. Although the Edwardian look had initially went back to the upper class root, it became a symbol of rootlessness. In appropriation of this image, The Teddy boys were also rejecting the sartorial conformism of the English working class with its modest tradition. In this respect, the Teds effected the ascent or fall of the working class in the area of fashion. The Teds dress was not a merely borrowed fashion, but was a bastard fashion in the form of American trends, the Zoot suit. At this time members of the working class possessed only work dress for the week and waist suits for the Sunday outings. Teds broke this pattern, and developed the working class dandyism of wearing clothes simply to show off. The results were that they succeeded in opening the teen market, and popularizing a working class style for the first time in British history. The Teds became the first British street style with ties music, and remain as an symbol of the rising of a new age of values and styles.f values and styles.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1627-1637
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• 2012

The coupling reaction between 5-bromo-3-phenylbenzo[c]isoxazole and diphenylamine followed by further condensation with a mono-, di- or ter-acetyl aromatic compound in the presence of diphenyl phosphate at $145^{\circ}C$ gave a novel asymmetric diarylquinolines, oligoquinolines with diphenylamine endgroups, and a first generation quinoline dendrimer in 41-82% isolated yield. The electrochemical and photophysical properties of the oligoquinolines were characterized by cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and spectroscopy. All the quinolines emit bright sky blue light due to charge transfer from quinoline group to diphenly amine with very high quantum efficiency (> 90%). Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated using these quinolines as emitting materials. Among different device architectures explored, OLEDs with a structure of ITO/PEDOT (40 nm)/TAPC (15 nm)/D-A quinoline (40 nm)/TPBI (30 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al using TAPC as an electron blocking layer and TPBI as a hole blocking layer gave the best performance. A high external quantum efficiency in the range of 1.2-2.3% were achieved in all the quinolines with the best performance in BBQA(5). Our results indicate diarylamino-substituted oligoquinoline and dendrimer are promising materials for OLEDs applications.