• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1407-1412
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• 2018

This study suggests that ozonated olive oil can kill a wide variety of microorganisms while being less toxic but in the case of administration or abdominal administration, the human body is harmless. In Korea, there is no animal stability test yet. In this study, ozonated olive oil was used to test the stability of the animal through the eye. Specific experiments were performed to evaluate animal Ocular irritation safe test of ozonized oil (high concentration) in rabbits. and Observation of the treatment point on the test substance, ozonated olive oil showed no Ocular irritation in both the non-washing group and the washing group.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2019

Many researchers have attempted to recognize three-dimensional faces using feature points extracted from two-dimensional facial photographs. However, due to the limit of flat photographs, it is very difficult to recognize faces rotated more than 15 degrees from original feature points extracted from the photographs. As such, it is difficult to create an algorithm to recognize faces in multiple angles. In this paper, it is proposed a new algorithm to recognize three-dimensional face recognition based on feature points extracted from a flat photograph. This method divides into six feature point vector zones on the face. Then, the vector value is compressed and expanded according to the rotation angle of the face to recognize the feature points of the face in a three-dimensional form. For this purpose, the average of the compressibility and the expansion rate of the face data of 100 persons by angle and face zone were obtained, and the face angle was estimated by calculating the distance between the middle of the forehead and the tail of the eye. As a result, very improved recognition performance was obtained at 30 degrees of rotated face angle.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.81-88
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• 2019

Although small but eye-catching outdoor constructions are generally called follies in contemporary architecture, French landscape researchers found different features of the fabrique, which they called separately from the folly. Unlike the 18th-century English gardens, in which the landscape itself was emphasized more than decorative structures in it, French fabriques actively made the atmosphere of picturesque gardens. In this background, this paper, from the architectural point of view, studied the 18th-century garden theories in both Britain and France, which might influence the formation of the fabrique. Then, it tried to analyze the features of French major picturesque gardens and their fabriques, relating them to painting, drama, and culture. In conclusion, this study, focusing on the relationship between the garden and its fabriques or follies, compared the different features between the English landscape gardens and the French picturesque ones in the 18th century.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.642-650
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• 2021

Strabismus is one of the most common disease that might be associated with vision impairment. Especially in infants and children, it is critical to detect strabismus at an early age because uncorrected strabismus may go on to develop amblyopia. To this end, ophthalmologists usually perform the Hirschberg test, which observes corneal light reflex (CLR) to determine the presence and type of strabismus. However, this test is usually done manually in a hospital, which might be difficult for patients who live in a remote area with poor medical access. To address this issue, we propose an automatic strabismus screening method that calculates the CLR ratio to determine the presence of strabismus based on image processing. In particular, the method first employs a pre-trained face detection model and a 68 facial landmarks detector to extract the eye region image. The data points located in the limbus are then collected, and the least square method is applied to obtain the center coordinates of the iris. Finally, the coordinate of the reflective light point center within the iris is extracted and used to calculate the CLR ratio with the coordinate of iris edges. Experimental results with several images demonstrate that the proposed method can be a promising solution to provide strabismus screening for patients who cannot visit hospitals.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.163-180
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• 2020

In this study, to build a spatial information infrastructure, which is a component of a smart city, a 3D digital twin model in the downtown area was built based on the latest spatial information acquisition technology, the drone. Several analysis models were implemented by utilizing. While the data processing time and quality of the three types of drone photogrammetry software are different, the accuracy of the construction model is ± 0.04 in the N direction and ± 0.03m in the E direction. In the m and Z directions, ± 0.02m was found to be less than 0.1m, which is defined as the allowable range of surveying performance and inspection performance for the boundary point in the area where the registration of the boundary point registration is executed. 1: 500 to 1 of the aerial survey work regulation: The standard deviation, which is the error limit of the photographic reference point of the 600 scale, appeared within 0.14 cm, and it was found that the error limit of the large scale specified in the cadastral and aerial survey was satisfied. In addition, in order to increase the usability of smart city realization using a drone-based 3D urban digital twin model, the model built in this study was used to implement Prospect right analysis, landscape analysis, Right of light analysis, patrol route analysis, and fire suppression simulation training. Compared to the existing aerial photographic survey method, it was judged that the accuracy of the naked eye reading point is more accurate (about 10cm) than the existing aerial photographic survey, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost compared to the existing aerial photographic survey at a construction area of about 30㎢ or less.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Purpose: To plan and improve consumers' satisfaction by analyzing consumers' purchasing behavior of spectacles. Also this will show the need of improvement in reliance of an optician. Methods: A total of 307 people (10 to 60 years) participated in individual questionnaires. Questionnaires comprised of general characteristic of surveyed people, purchasing spectacles behavior, satisfaction after purchasing spectacles, reliability of optician, and improvement points of optician. Results: Most important points in selecting the product were the design and the price of the spectacles. 142 people (46.3%) replied "average" and 140 people (45.6%) replied "satisfying" out of maximum point of satisfaction level which was 5 points. 72.3% of people have regularly visiting optical shop due to the high accessibility, after-sales care, and courteous optician. On the contrary, 27.7% replied "never visit same optician shop again" because of the low accessibility, minimal range of products, and high price. Data showed that people had high re liability about the opticians' knowledge of product, and their technique of eye refraction. Data revealed that people did not show high satisfaction about opticians' knowledge of ophthalmology, and price of products. Most important improvement points were accurate spectacle prescription by Opticians rating 42% of reply. Factors most considered during spectacle selection among the 10 to 20 age group were design by 34.8% and price by 10.1%. Among the 40 to 50 age group, most considered factors were design by 14% and spectacle frame material by 10.1%. Conclusions: Satisfaction rate of purchasing spectacles for the total participant group was 4.2 average grades. Reliability of opticians' eye refraction result and prescription was 50.5%. However consumers wanted to obtain more accurate eye refraction result and prescription with more comprehensive explanations. Also, consumers wanted opticians to be sensitive and have appreciative eye in select spectacles for customers, and to offer precise spectacle dispensing services and courteous after-sales care.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.283-298
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• 2003

The 2001 Leonid meteor storm has been observed all over the world, and its most intense flux since the last few decades has caused great interest among both laymen and experts. Especially, its maximum hours occurred at dawn hours of Nov. 19 in the east Asia, during which moonless clear night at the Mt. Bohyun allowed us near perfect condition of observation. Observation was carried out in the period of 01:00∼05:40(KST), which include the predicted maximum hours, with all-sky camera installed for upper atmospheric airglow research. Tn this paper we analyze 68 all-sky images obtained in this period, which contain records of 172 meteors. Utilizing the zenith hourly rate(ZHR) of 3000 and magnitude distribution index of 2, which were reported to International Meteor Organization by visible observers in the east Asia, we estimate the limiting magnitude of about 3 for meteors detected in our all-sky images. We then derive magnitudes of 83 meteors with clear pixel brightness outlines among the initially detected 172 meteors by comparing with neighbor standard stars. Angular velocities of meteors needed for computing their passing times over an all-sky image are expressed with a simple formula of an angle between a meteor head and the Leonid radiant point. The derived magnitudes of 83 meteors are in the range of -6∼-1 magnitude, and its distribution shows a maximum new -3mag. The derived magnitudes are much smaller than the limiting magnitude inferred from the comparison with the result of naked-eye observations. The difference may be due to the characteristic difference between nearly instantaneuous naked-eye observations and CCD observations with a long exposure. We redetermine magnitudes of the meteors by adjusting a meteor lasting time to be consistent with the naked-eye observations. The relative distribution of the redetermined magnitudes, which has a maximum at 0 mag., resembles that of the magnitudes determined with the in-principle method. The relative distribution is quite different from ones that decrease monotonically with decreasing magnitudes for meteors(1∼6) sensitive to naked-eye observations. We conclude from the magnitude distribution of our all-sky observation that meteors brighter than about 0 mag., appeared more frequently during the 2001 Leonid maximum hours. The frequent appearance of bright meteors has significantly important implication for meteor research. We noted, however, considerably large uncertainties in magnitudes determined only by comparing standard stars due to the unknown lasting time of meteors and the non-linear sensitivity of all-sky camera.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.105-116
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• 2010

Purpose: To analyze and compare differences between single vision lenses and functional progressive addition lenses and improvement to binocular visual function wearing functional lenses for pre-presbyopes altered their single vision lenses to functional progressive addition lenses with low addition. Methods: Healthy 32 subjects aged 24.03${\pm}$1.87 (male 23, female 9) who were recruited from university students wore functional progressive addition lenses (EYE-T, Chemilens Co., Korea, ADD 0.750) for 2 months. Objective refraction, corrected visual acuity at distance and near, near point of convergence, near point of accommodation, accommodative facility, phoria at distance and near were measured. And subjective satisfaction was investigated by using a questionnaire designed to fatigue, comfort, discomfort, overall satisfaction and preference. Results: Functional progressive addition lenses were better than single vision lenses at near point of convergence and accommodation, accommodative facility. Exo phoria measured at distance with single vision and functional progressive addition lenses. Exo phoria measured at near with functional progressive addition lenses was higher than that with single vision lenses. As a survey, the satisfaction was increased in questions related near work. However, single vision lenses were preferred in distance test of overall satisfaction, easy 10 adapt, lime to adapt. A survey showed thai preference of functional progressive addition lenses were increased 75.00% to 81.26% for near work, 50.00% to 65.63% for visual fatigue, 47.75% to 50.00% for visual comfort and 31.25% to 46.88% for overall comfort. Conclusions: Comparing between single vision lenses and functional progressive addition lenses, binocular visual function related near work, subjective satisfaction and preference was improved after wearing functional progressive addition lenses. This study suggested that functional progressive addition lenses were useful for long time near work.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.391-403
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• 2005

Vision is the most important sense of the five senses in our body. This represents that an eye is for the mysterious organ playing the essential role in our body. Alain Mikli known as a famous spectacle designer in France said that glasses exists for seeing and for being seen. This saying is one of the philosophically well-organized definition of the most fundamental function of eye-glasses described in and out of itself. Today, in the world, there are a number of works of glasses design and lots of glasses designers are designing hard in order to convey the goods with the best value and philosophy to customers. They work for the goal that glasses is used as seeing and try to give customers satisfaction and enjoyment of it. And they think that glasses should play the role of the interface. At this point, we need to catch hold of the interface of glasses. That means that glasses has to have the communication between eyes and objects and be the mediation of the connection between the image of oneself and that of one by others. For the character of the interface of glasses, glasses designers should plan and investigate this character at the being of design. This study of optical art has been researched for the necessary and sufficient condition between consumers and products.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical development and health status of 5 year-old children for more effective health management of preschool children. This study carried out examinations of height, weight, hemoglobin, visual acuity & dental examination for 5 years-old preschool children in Kwang-ju up, Kwang-ju gun, Kyunggi-Do from January to February, 1996. For height and weight, the data were compared with the 1985's Korean standard and the hemoglobin and visual acuity data were compared with the Korean standard. The results were as follows. The average height for 5 year-old male children was 106.3${\pm}$4.7(cm) and that of 5 year-old female children was 105.3${\pm}$4.3(cm). Sixty seven point eight percent of male subjects registered below the 50th percentile for the Korean standard height and 79.5% of the female subjects registered below the 50th percentile for female. The average weight for 5 year-old children was 18.6${\pm}$2.6(kg) for females. Also, it is estimated that obese subjects totaled 2.7%. For the visual acuity, 18.0% of subjects had weak vision in the left eye and 16.9% in the right eye. As a result, it was advised that these children undergo further examination. It was remarkable that there were so many anemic children. Children with a hemoglobin content of less than 11.9(g/dl) totaled 47.8%. It is anticipated that the results of this study will contribute to the on-going evaluation and subsequent planning for the children health management program within the health promotion program of public health center in Kwang-ju gun.