• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-103
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• 1994

In recent years, the visual characteristics of natural open space and greenbelt surrounding the urban landscapes have been changed with sprawling of residential areas and highrised residential buildings. Since these natural areas being the background element of residential areas are topographically sloped mountains in many cities. It is easy to be seen in the distance and it is important to preserve these areas as a visual infrastructure of the urban landscape. The purposes of this study are to extract the factors of landscape impact evaluation for these areas and to clarify the physical landscape variables representing these factors, and to infer the visual-perceptional relationships between image and landscape variables. As results, conceptional three factors were extracted with semantic differential evaluation to classified 18 landscape slide, and three regression models were established with factor score of landscapes and physical variables measured in photographs. On the basis of these relationships, visual-perceptional characteristics were discussed by analyzing the data form eye-movement recording to each of landscapes. The factors of "spatial unfolding of backdropped hilly greenspace", "horizontal quence of residential buildings", and "landscape complexity" prove to be important. And it prove important variables of "skyline of mountainous ridge" and "visual edge of building structure" in regression models and eye fixation movements.

• 인지과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2003

눈 운동과 관련된 공간지각 왜곡이 다양하게 보고 되었는데, 대부분의 공간지각 왜곡이 두 눈이 동일한 방향으로 움직이는 눈 운동에 국한되어 연구되었다. 이형철, 감기택, 김은수와 윤장한 (2002)은 두 눈이 각기 반대 방향으로 움직이는 원근방향 추적 눈 운동 동안에 시공간적인 중첩패턴에 의해 정의되는 대상의 경사가 체계적으로 왜곡되어 지각된다는 것을 보고하였다. 본 연구에서는 배경과 대상이 상이한 명도를 갖는 반투명 대상의 경사가 원근방향 추적 눈 운동에 의해 왜곡되어 지각되는지를 검증하였고, 동시에 목표대상의 주위에 존재하는 참조자극이 경사지각 왜곡에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.700-702
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• 2018

본 논문은 OpenCV를 이용해서 몸을 움직이지 못하는 루게릭병 환자들을 위해 동공을 추적하여 의사소통하는 시스템을 소개한다. OpenCV를 이용한 얼굴 및 눈동자 추적과, Python환경에서 눈의 움직임 검출과 문자를 출력한다. 본 논문에서는 웹캠을 사용하고 눈동자를 추적하고 눈동자의 좌표 값에 따라 눈동자의 움직임을 파악하고 사용자의 의도에 맞는 문자를 출력한다. 누구나 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 블루투스를 이용하여 핸드폰으로 쉽게 문자를 출력할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.1356-1363
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• 1999

In this paper, a new method for controlling the pointing device using EOG(electrooculogram) signal generated from eye movement was suggested. The basic idea of the method is to control the direction of pointer, as using the results of measuring each component of the horizontal EOG and the vertical EOG by angle of eye-gaze. As a practical example, pointing device controlling the personal computer's pointer is manufactured. The designed pointing device consists of pre-amplifier, A/D converter, serial transmission device and PC program. That is, first, the EOG is amplified by pre-amplifier. Secondly, the amplified EOG is digitized and transmitted to personal computer by PIC16C74A. Finally, the software for controlling the pointer on personal computer is programed. As the result, the measured horizontal EOG and vertical EOG by eye-gaze angle had high linearity; the correlation coefficients of the regression line were 0.998 and 0.996 respectively. And the developed pointing device is able to control the personal computer's pointer, and the average of the errors between the objective value and the observed value had 3.77% for horizontal axis and 5.85% for vertical axis. The pointing device developed in this study is able to control personal computer's pointer by subject's eye movement, that is, the user's intention. Furthermore, the algorithm of this study is applicable for many field, such as a new method remote control, a new wheelchair control and so forth.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.138-152
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• 2020

Objectives : The aim of this study is to report a case of idiopathic oculomotor nerve palsy improved by Korean Medicine therapy including needle-embedding therapy. Methods : We treated a 69-year old male patient who has Rt. ptosis, Rt. eye movement impairment, and dizziness with various Korean medical therapy including acupuncture, Bojungikgitanggami, and Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture. To promote recovery, we additionally performed needle-embedding therapy to periocular acupoints. Results : Ptosis started to remarkably improve after performing needle-embedding therapy. After 54 days of treatment, ptosis and eye movement impairment of Rt. eye were significantly improved similar to the normal eye. Dizziness was cured in a few days after administration. Conclusions : This case suggests Korean medicine including needle-embedding therapy is effective against oculomotor nerve palsy symptoms especially for ptosis.

• 인지과학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.259-276
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• 2014

마르셀 뒤샹이나 지아코모 발라와 같은 미래파 화가들은 물체가 움직이는 순간 순간의 정지 이미지를 캔버스에 중첩해서 운동감을 표현하려고 했다. 본 연구진은 선행 연구에서 이렇듯 운동성이 내포된 추상 미술작품들에 대한 사전 경험이 뇌의 운동 지각 영역의 반응에 영향을 미친다는 것을 보고한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 선행 연구에서 관찰된 사전 경험에 따른 차별적인 뇌 운동 지각 영역의 활성화가 안구 운동 패턴의 차별성에 기인하는지 살펴보았다. 사전 경험은 미술 전공 여부로 조작하였다. 또한 전문성 이외에도 움직임 내포에 관한 화가의 의도 자각 여부에 따라 관찰자의 안구 운동 패턴에 차이가 나타나는지 검증해보고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 미술 전공 여부에 따라 추상화 지각시 그림 전체에 대한 시선고정 횟수나 시간 등에 차별적인 경향이 나타났다. 화가의 표현 의도에 대한 자각은 이러한 전반적인 차이와 관련이 없었다. 반면, 운동성의 내포라는 화가의 표현 의도의 자각은 추상화 중 운동성이 표현된 특정 위치에 대한 안구운동과 연관성을 보였다. 즉, 표현의도를 자각한 관찰자들은 그렇지 못한 관찰자들에 비해 추상화 중 움직임과 연관된 신체 부위가 표현된 위치에 좀 더 집중하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 화폭에 표현된 물체의 움직임 방향과 합치하는 방향의 안구 운동을 더 많이 보였다. 미술 전공 여부는 움직임 표현 위치에 특정적인 안구 운동과 무관하였다. 이러한 결과는 미술 전문성 및 화가의 의도 자각 여부가 관찰자들이 움직임이 함축된 추상화를 지각하는 방식에 차별적으로 관여함을 시사한다. 즉, 전문성은 그림에 대한 전반적인 지각 방식에, 내포된 움직임에 대한 자각은 그 정보에 특정적인 공간에 대한 지각방식에 관여할 가능성을 제안한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.76-76
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• 2000

The calibration of the robot system with a visual sensor consists of robot, hand-to-eye, and sensor calibration. This paper describe a new technique for computing 3D position and orientation of a 3D sensor system relative to the end effect of a robot manipulator in an eye-on-hand robot configuration. When the 3D coordinates of the feature points at each robot movement and the relative robot motion between two robot movements are known, a homogeneous equation of the form AX : XB is derived. To solve for X uniquely, it is necessary to make two robot arm movements and form a system of two equation of the form: A$_1$X : XB$_1$ and A$_2$X = XB$_2$. A closed-form solution to this system of equations is developed and the constraints for solution existence are described in detail. Test results through a series of simulation show that this technique is simple, efficient, and accurate fur hand/eye calibration.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1171-1177
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• 2021

Measuring and evaluation of audience's visual message perception are crucial process for scientific production of visual content. This study tried to evaluate the difference of viewer's awareness of visual object depends on his or her inherent characteristics like conservatism using an eye tracker system. Especially, this experiment tested research questions about positive correlation between conservatism and peoples' eye movements following the sound visual messages. 57 subjects participated in the test. Two different groups were exposed to two visual elements representing 'the conservative' and 'the liberal'. The results showed that people tended to have different way of seeing visual objects according to their inherent characteristics. Also by comparing the gaze time at the object and area of interest(AOI) in visual, this study is able to verify the existence of 'positive way of seeing' and 'negative way of seeing'. The two different ways of seeing have their own trail of eye movement.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate whether there is intensionally changing eye - gaze on the cafe space images with floor finishing materials. In the Yarbus' experiment, he argued that changing information that an observer is asked to obtain from an image changes pattern of eye movements. Based on the scan path evidence, this research have questions as (1) the difference of visual attention on finishing floor material stimulus, (2) visual attention of initial activity time and type of movement paths on AOIs, and (3) visual relation floor area with another AOIs. Eye movements were recorded with the SMI REDn Scientific, which sampled eye position at 30Hz and lasted 2 minutes(120s). Although viewing was binocular, only the right eye was tracked. Of the 66 observers(mean age 22 years, standard deviation: ${\pm}1.82$) who participated in the experiment done by the four point calibration and validation procedures at the beginning tasks. Analyzing qualitative data from the number of fixation and duration on AOIs divided into four parts (AOI I-Floor, AOI II-Wall, AOI III-Ceiling, and AOI IV-Counter) in the stimulus. The results from this experiment analyzed as follows. First, it was significant in the difference of the average number of AOIs fixation times observed for the spatial image using the wood tile flooring material and the polishing tile. The wood tile flooring of stimulus had higher fixation number on AOI-II, AOI-III, and AOI-IV than the polishing tile. On seeing AOI-I was higher attention in the polishing tile stimulus. Second, the observers examined AOI-II intensively in both stimuli. However, the visual intensity was also followed by on the AOI-IV and AOI-I in the wood tile flooring stimulus, and on AOI-I, AO-IV in the polishing tile. Third, visual attention data on each AOIs have divided into the time range of "5 sec" for both images. In the wood tile stimulus, the horizontal movement path followed by AOI-II, AOI-IV, and AOI-II. In the polished tile stimulus, the movement path followed by moving vertically to AOI-II, AOI-I, and AOI-II. This study approached meaningfully and found out the characteristics of visual attention, according to the different intentions of visual attention, the relationship pathways of visual mechanism appeared and also activated by eye-tracking experiments.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.299-326
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to review the declining of school library movement in Korea with a special reference to the 1970s and 1980s. The writer keeps an eye on the distortion of education in Korea.