• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2018

Hanwoo is an important livestock resource in Korea. Its genetic improvements of economic traits have mainly focused on the steers in the past. However, there is a great necessity to extend the breed improvement programs to the cows as well. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various environmental factors (person taking the measurement, region, year of measurement, month of measurement, image interpreter, birth-year and birth-year) on ultrasound measured carcass traits. A total of 27,215 ultrasound measurements of carcass traits were recorded between 2004 and 2012 for 22,620 cows born from 1997 to 2011. The ultrasound measures included backfat thickness (BFT), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MAR). The mean values for the BFT, EMA and MAR were 4.46 mm, $56.24cm^2$, and 4.12 point, respectively. Seven environmental factors, person taking the measurement, region, year of measurement, month of measurement, image interpreter, birth-year and birth-month, were tested to determine if they had a significant effect on the studied traits using the GLM procedure in SAS. All factors were found to significantly affect all the ultrasound carcass traits in this study. Unlike in previous studies, among the environmental effects, the significant effect of the image interpreter on the ultrasound carcass traits was shown for the first time in this study. These results indicate that future genetic evaluations of ultrasound carcass traits of Hanwoo cows should include all of the above environmental factors as well as the effect from people taking the measurements.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.463-470
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• 2015

When a camera installed on a vehicle is used, estimation of the camera pose including tilt, roll, and pan angle with respect to the world coordinate system is important to associate camera coordinates with world coordinates. Previous approaches using huge calibration patterns have the disadvantage that the calibration patterns are costly to make and install. And, previous approaches exploiting multiple vanishing points detected in a single image are not suitable for automotive applications as a scene where multiple vanishing points can be captured by a front camera is hard to find in our daily environment. This paper proposes a camera pose estimation method. It collects multiple images of lane markings while changing the horizontal angle with respect to the markings. One vanishing point, the cross point of the left and right lane marking, is detected in each image, and vanishing line is estimated based on the detected vanishing points. Finally, camera pose is estimated from the vanishing line. The proposed method is based on the fact that planar motion does not change the vanishing line of the plane and the normal vector of the plane can be estimated by the vanishing line. Experiments with large and small tilt and roll angle show that the proposed method outputs accurate estimation results respectively. It is verified by checking the lane markings are up right in the bird's eye view image when the pan angle is compensated.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.71-81
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• 2016

This research has been carried out with the objects of sporting goods shops to find out what structure of those shops raises more interest from customers. The tracking eyes on the objects which are the same but seen to have different structures has revealed the followings. Customers' visual appreciation of Reverse left/right Images (11.1) was found to be higher than that of Original Images (10.6). Furthermore, the reverse left/right image of the space also was found to attract more interest from customers, which led them to have longer observation. The below is about the interpretation of the spatial exploration by observation time and the appreciation of its visual content in line with the experiment objects of selling spaces. The longer the space was observed, (1)the higher the expansive searching of space was, (2)the more spots were observed as if they did not know what to see after they first observed at early hours, (3)later (in the time range of 64~73 seconds) they came to look at the spots in which they got interested, (4)and then again they suddenly got lost what to see. When the change of observation characteristics by time range is reviewed, it can be seen that the searching of original images is changed from Divergent Feature to Convergent Feature when the observation time increases from the early stage of observation to the later. On the contrary, the reverse left/right images were found to have the opposite searching features, that is, from convergent exploration to divergent exploration. These findings show that the reverse left/right images of the sporting goods shops, which were the experiment objects, have more factors attracting customers' attention and interest and that it is the very shop-structure which makes customers have better visual appreciation of those shops.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

Recently, stereoscopic technology has become a potential for blue ocean as a new growth power industry, and interest in it has been steadily increasing with the development of virtual and augmented reality technologies. Various methods such as binocular parallax and polarized glasses have been developed and used for stereoscopic image expression, but they have limitations such as eye damage, headache, crosstalk and resolution degradation. In this paper, we present a new method of stereoscopic image representation that can overcome the limitations and verify its applicability through basic experiments for object extraction and real - time image representation.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2008

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate correlation of the phlegm-retained fluid, namely Damum(痰飮) and dark circles under eyes. Methods: 2 males and 11 females aged 26-60 years were participated in this study. They were asked the intensity of 29 symptoms related with Damum(痰飮) including dark circle with the questionnaire published by the Journal of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medical Diagnostics. Three skin researchers including OMD graded the dark circles by inspection. We took the pictures around eyes by Facial Stage (Moritex, Japan) and analyzed the skin color by Image-Pro Plus (Media Cybernetics, USA). Results: There was statistically significant correlation between Damum(痰飮) and dark circles measured by self, inspectors and image analysis. Conclusions: In the Oriental Medicine, It is reported that the shadows under eyes are the sign of the retention of fluid, Damum(痰飮). In our study, that shadows, namely dark circles, has correlation with the symptoms of Damum(痰飮). Especially, the correlation between inspected grade and image analysis was very high. According to the above results, it is proved that dark circles under eyes are important diagnostic sign of Damum(痰飮).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.377-382
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• 2014

Because of using computer system in the field of medical radiology, many artifacts which can not be seen in film/screen system are being created, especially ghosting artifacts. This artifacts could be yielded by taking advantage of a flat panel Thin-Film Transistor array detector. Ghosting artifacts can be rarely seen in clinical practice when an image that has a high-contrast object within a region of high exposure is quickly followed by another image that puts the high-contrast ghosting image in an area of lower radiation exposure. In this experiment, the ghosting artifacts were minimized for approximately 3 minutes with the unaided eye and almost disappeared for 6 minutes quantitatively between exposures. Moreover, the artifacts were influenced by more tube voltage than current and those depended not upon the number of readout cycles, but upon time.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.429-440
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• 2014

The iris recognition is a biometrics technology to extract and code an unique iris feature from human eye image. Also, it includes the technology to compare with other's various iris stored in the system. On the other hand, eyelashes in iris image are a external factor to affect to recognition rate of iris. If eyelashes are not removed exactly from iris area, there are two false recognitions that recognize eyelashes to iris features or iris features to eyelashes. Eventually, these false recognitions bring out a lot of loss in iris informations. In this paper, in order to solve that problems, we removed eyelashes by gabor filter that using for analysis of frequency feature and improve preservation rate of iris informations. By novel method to extract various features on iris area using angle, frequency, and gaussian parameter on gabor filter that is one of the filters for analysing frequency feature for an image, we could remove accurately eyelashes with various lengths and shapes. As the result, proposed method represents that improve about 4% than previous methods using GMM or histogram analysis in iris preservation rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.141-151
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• 1995

In generating DTM as basic data to GIS, the use of existing map is difficult to aquire current data and the method using airphotos needs cost for stereoplotting and ground control surveying. So, the method of DTM generation by satellite imagery is promising because satellite is able to observe wide area at once. In this study the program for SPOT bundle adjustment and image matching based on Coarse to Fine method is developed and various image enhancement algorithm is used for more accurate DTM generation and also evaluation of accuracy was carried out. Further more, orthophoto, a bird's eye-view, contour map producing, net-work analysis and terrain analysis were performed for GIS applications using generated DTM in this study. Generated DTM using SPOT stereo imagery is useful for GIS applications such as automated mapping, facility management, national geographic information system. Moreover developed automatic DTM generation pro-gram is studied, tested and verified more to be applicable to all the area.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.343-351
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• 2020

This study analyzed dose reduction and quality of images through dose reduction tools and shielding board to protect sensitive eye lens in radiation during orbit CT examinations for clinical data use. During CT scans of the phantom, surface dose (CT scanner dosimetry phantom, ion chamber-3 times) and quality of image (radiosurgery head phantom, visual assessment-2 times, HU standard deviation) were evaluated using X-care which is dose reduction tools and bismuth shielding board. The results of experiments of eight conditions showed a relatively reduced dose in all other conditions compared to when no conditions were set. In particular, the area corresponding to the ophthalmic part reduced the surface dose by up to 45.7 %. The visual evaluation of images by specialists and the quality evaluation of images analyzed by HU standard deviation were clinically closest to the use of X-care and shielding board (1 cm in height). Therefore, it is believed that the use of shielding board in a suitable location with dose reduction tools while investigating the optimal radiation dose will reduce the exposure dose of sensitive lens at radiation while maintaining the quality of the images with high diagnostic value.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

In this study, the author aims to examine that the image for specific space coming through vision is to reveal how people perceive the space through vision and whether the perceived space includes the role as the catalyst that causes the following activities. It is believed that the fact which elements are remembered as the whole expression as well as the memorized images that humans have regarding the space should act as the important factor in terms of space perception. The conclusions from this study are as follow; 1) By analyzing the frequency of observation time that were obtained from the examinee, it was possible to classify the property of observation with S areas. Besides, it was possible to the meanings that the design elements have in each area. The establishment of the areas are considered as the important factor to examine which design elements have drawn the attention. 2) In case of I area which showed the most design factors that would lead examinee's vision or have interests in the examinee views, it showed that it stared the lower parts from the middle of the Image spatially, which was the most stable position from the image with strong tendency for staring at this area. 3) The most frequently stared area was the lower part of the middle, however, while the I area gazed the right side of the middle, II area faced the left side more so that it was revealed that it stared at the lower part of the middle and right side, then, moved to left. 4) Despite the frequent observation, some areas had very low or few observation data records and the area which was designed with monotonous color with relatively large size was also involved here so that it was identified that the simply treated area in design was rarely gazed.