• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.32.1-32.6
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• 2016

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different sizes of extruded pellets (EP) ($EP_1$ - 3 mm or $EP_2$ - 5 mm) and a moist pellet (MP) in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, reared in semi-recirculation system. A total of 450 fish with an average initial weight of $5.0{\pm}0.2g$ (mean ${\pm}$ SD) were fed one of the three experimental diets in triplicate groups. At the end of a 6-week feeding trial, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed efficiency of fish fed EP diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP (P < 0.05). Water quality parameters like turbidity, total ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorous from tanks of fish fed $EP_1$ and $EP_2$ were significantly lower than those from tanks of fish fed MP. Blood plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glucose concentration were significantly higher in fish fed MP diet compared to fish fed EP diets (P < 0.05). Whole body crude protein contents in fish fed EP diets were higher than those from the fish fed MP diet. Whole body amino acid content like threonine, aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, and cystine were found to be significantly higher in fish fed EP diets than those in fish fed MP diet. In considering overall performance of olive flounder, $EP_2$ diet could be recommended for the successful aquaculture of this important fish species.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2005

이 연구는 배합사료(상품사료)및 생사료의 영양학적 효과를 비교${\cdot}$평가를 통해 경제적이고 환경친화적인 넙치용 실용 배합사료를 개발하고자 장기사육시험을 수행하였다. 실험어는 평균 192 g인 넙치 미성어를 사용하였으며, 어체중의 $1{\~}2.5\%$ (건물기준)로 1일 2회(오전 9시, 오후 4시)급이 하였으며, 주 사육실험기간은 12개월간 실시하였다. 실험사료는 충 6가지 사료구로 자체 제작한 실험배합사료 2종(FEP1과 2), 상업용 배합사료 3종(CEP1, 2와 3) 및 습사료(MP)로 공급하였으며, 자체 제작한 넙치 미성어 배합사료(FEP1과 2)는 단백질 함량 $50{\~}51\%$, 지질 $10{\~}12\%$로 설계되었다. 증체율은 FEP1 및 CEP3 사료구가 다른 사료구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 높은 증체율을 보였으며, FEP2, CEP1, CEP2, MP 사료구에서 유의적으로 낮은 증체율을 보였다(P<0.05). 사료효율 및 일간성장률에 있어서는 FEP1 및 CEP3 사료구가 다른 사료구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 단백질 전환효율은 MP 사료구가 FEPl 및 CEP3 사료구가 다른 사료구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 생존율에 있어서 배합사료구가 MP사료구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P>0.05). 혈청 성분분석 결과는 GOT, GPT 및 Total cholesterol에 있어서는 전체적으로 배합사료구보다 HP 사료구에서 높게 나타났다. 전어체 성분분석에 있어서 조단백질함량은 FEP1 및 CEP3에서 다른사료구보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 따라서, 넙치 미성어의 FEP1은 상업사료 및 습사료보다 충분히 가능성이 있으며, 양식장 현장실험을 거쳐서 산업화 보급을 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2006년도 수산관련학회 공동학술대회 발표요지집
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• pp.326-327
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• 2006

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2007

육성기 넙치 사육용으로 부상배합사료 및 생사료의 사육효과를 비교하기 위하여 2회에 걸친 사육실험을 실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 평균체중 115 g의 넙치를 5종류의 실험EP ($EP1{\sim}EP5$v와 생사료(MP)로 78일간 사육 실험하였으며, 실험 2는 양식현장에서 평균체중 137 g의 넙치를 실험 1에 사용한 5종류의 EP ($EP1{\sim}EP5$), 시판사료(EP6) 및 EP4와 EP6에 물과 각종 영양소를 흡착시킨 2종류 흡착-습사료(MEP4 및 MEP6)로 80일간 사육 실험하였다. 사육실험 결과, 실험 1에서 증중율은 모든 EP 실험구가 MP 실험구와 유의한 차이가 없었으며, EP4는 MP에 비하여 더 높은 값을 보였다. 사료효율은 EP4 실험구가 다른 실험구보다 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였다(P<0.05). 등근육의 간과 수분함량 및 간의 지질함량은 실험구간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 실험 2에서는 생존율은 $89{\sim}99%$의 범위로 양호한 결과를 보였다. 증중량은 EP4와 MEP4 실험구가 가장 높은 값을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 EP3과 MEP6 실험구가 양호한 결과를 보였다. 사료효율은 모든 실험구에서 108% 이상으로 양호하였으며, EP4, MEP4 및 MEP6에서 높은 값을 보였다. 이상의 결과들로부터, $114{\sim}350\;g$인 넙치에게 생사료를 기초로 제조된 MP를 공급하는 것 보다 영양소 균형이 잘 갖춰진 EP를 공급하여도 좋을 것으로 보이며, EP 공급시 물과 다른 영양소의 흡착과정은 불필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, MP와 상업용 EP 실험구에 비해 양호한 성장 결과를 보인 EP4는 MP 대체 실용사료로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.394-399
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• 2011

The effect of intermittent feeding on growth, feed utilization and body composition of subadult olive flounder fed extruded pellet (EP) in suboptimal temperature ($13.5{\pm}2.10^{\circ}C$) was determined. Two hundred twenty five subadult fish averaging 272 g were randomly distributed into fifteen of 300 L circular flow-through tanks (fifteen fish per tank). Five treatments with different days of feeding a week were prepared in triplicate: fish were hand-fed with EP to apparent satiation once a day, seven days a week (7DF), which was used as the control group or consecutive six, five, four and three days a week, for 12 weeks, referred to as 6DF, 5DF, 4DF and 3DF treatments, respectively. Weight gains and specific growth rates of fish in 6DF treatment were higher than those of fish in 7DF, 4DF and 3DF treatments, but not different from those of fish in 5DF treatment. Daily feed intake of fish in 6DF and 7DF treatments was higher than that of fish in 5DF, 4DF and 3DF treatments. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish were not different among treatments. There was no difference in the chemical composition of fish between treatments. Results of this study demonstrated that feeding five days per week could be recommended for subadult olive flounder fed extruded pellet in suboptimal temperature.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality characteristics (proximate composition, fatty acids, amino acids, sensory and textural properties) of whole body and dorsal muscle of olive flounders fed extruded pellets (EP) compared to raw fish-based moist pellets (MP). The olive flounders in this study were reared from 300 g to 1000 g for 7 months by feeding either EP or MP. The fatty acids and total amino acids of the whole body and dorsal muscle of the fish were similar among both groups. The major fatty acids in whole body and dorsal muscle werepalmitic acid and oleic acid. Finally, no significant differences were observed between groups for sensory and textural properties of the muscle. These results suggest that EP could be developed to replace MP without adverse effects on olive flounder quality.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2005

Effects of the commercially available or formulated extruded pellets (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) on growth and body composition of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus L. were evaluated on commercial scale for 10 months. Survivals of flounder fed the MP, EP 1 and EP3 were not significantly different from those of fish fed the EP2 or EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP4. Weight gain of fish fed the MP was not significantly different from that of fish fed the EP3 and EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP1, EP2 or EP4. Improvement in weight gain of flounder fed the high lipid diets (EP1, EP2, EP3) compared to low lipid diet (EP4) in the $55\%$ protein level, and weight gain of fish fed the high lipid diet (MP) compared to low lipid diet (EP5) in the $61\%$ protein level indicated protein-sparing effect of lipid. FER for flounder fed the EP3. which was not significantly different from that for fish fed the EP1 or EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher thar. that for fish fed the EP2, EP4 and MP. FER significantly (P<0.05) changed over time. CF of flounder fed the MP was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed EP1 or EP4. Moisture content of dorsal muscle in flounder fed the EP2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP1 or EP4. Crude protein content of dorsal. muscle in flounder fed the EP1, EP4 and EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP2. How- ever, crude lipid content of dorsal muscle, and moisture, crude protein and crude lipid content of liver in flounder was not significantly different among the diets. In considering performance of flounder, it can be concluded that the use of EP3 and EP5 is more recommendable than the MP, which commonly used in flounder farm.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.533-540
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• 2022

We evaluated a worm-based extruded pellet diet with black soldier fly Hermetia illucens larvae (BSF) meal and BSF oil for olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus through field feeding experiments at a commercial aquafarm. We prepared two experimental diets by replacing fish meal and fish oil with BSF meal and BSF oil (BEP-1, BSF meal 7%, BSF oil 1%) and (BEP-2, BSF oil 2%), respectively. We prepared raw-fish based moist pellets (MP) for comparison between the two experimental diets. We distributed the olive flounder (220±6.29 g) in square (10 m×10 m×1 m) concrete, 100 ton tanks at a density of 1,600 fish per tank (n=3) in triplicate for each dietary treatment. We fed the diets to the fish to apparent satiation for 7 months. At the end of the feeding trial, we found no substantial differences between the groups in terms of growth performance, survival, or feed utilization. None of the diet groups showed any changes in either hematological or non-specific immune responses. The histological observation of the intestine showed that the goblet cell number and cholecystokinin-producing cell activity increased in the fish fed the BEP diet compared with the those of the fish fed the MP diet. These results indicated that dietary BSF meal and oil can be used for olive flounder without compromising growth or, hematological and histological parameters.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2022

The government has implemented a policy to promote the use of extruded pellets in sustainable aquaculture by protecting fishery resources and managing the ocean environment. A survey on the production status and the cost of targeting olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus culture farms in Jeju Island using extruded pellets was conducted. The survey results were used to examine the profitability and economic feasibility of the test farms, as well as the degree of increase in profitability and economic feasibility of the fish farms receiving government subsidies for employing extruded pellets. The economic feasibility was predicted through a sensitivity analysis of prices and production, which are the variable factors when of using the extruded pellets. Using the economic feasibility analysis, the average NPV (Net Present Value) and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of sample farms were found to be KRW 5.8 billion and 8.9%, respectively. The result of the economic feasibility analysis of the government subsidy showed a maximum average of about 2.3 times higher NPV and a 3.8% increase in IRR in cases where government subsidies were received.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2008

본 연구는 시중에 판매되고 있는 상품사료에 물을 첨가하여 수분함량이 5%, 15% 및 25%가 되게 조절한 배합사료를 5, 20(실온) 및 $35^{\circ}C$의 각각 다른 온도에 10일 동안 저장하면서 이틀 간격으로 시료를 채취하여, 지방산화 정도를 알아보기 위해 AV, POV, TBA값 및 지방산 조성의 변화를 측정하였다. 또한, 이를 활용하여 수분함량에 따른 배합사료의 적절한 사용기한을 예측해 보고자 하였다. 5% 수분함유 배합사료의 경우는 모든 저장온도에서 저장 10일째까지 AV, POV 및 TBA값에 별다른 차이가 없었다. 그러나, $35^{\circ}C$에 저장한 수분함유 15% 및 25% 배합사료의 경우는 각각 저장 4일 및 2일 이후부터 AV, POV 및 TBA값이 급격하게 증가하였으며 그 변화 폭도 컸다. 한편, 수분함량이 5%인 배합사료를 $5^{\circ}C$ 및 $20^{\circ}C$에 10일간 저장하는 동안 SFA, monoene 및 polyene의 지방산 함량에 별다른 변화는 없었으나, 수분함량이 15% 및 25%인 배합사료의 경우는 저장온도가 높고 저장일이 경과함에 따라 monoene의 함량은 지속적으로 증가하고, polyene의 함량은 급속하게 감소 하였다. 또한, 수분함량 5% 배합사료를 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우는 PUFA/SFA 비율 및 불포화지방산 잔존율($C_{20:5}+C_{22:6}/C_{16:0}$)에는 거의 변화가 없었으나, 수분함량 15% 및 25%인 배합사료는 저장 4일 이후부터 감소하였다. 35에 저장한 배합사료는 수분함량에 상관없이 저장 2일 이후부터 불포화지방산 잔존율이 급격하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 수분함량 5%인 배합사료는 지질산화의 영향을 적게 받아 저장온도에 상관없이 다소 긴 기간동안 사용이 가능할 것으로 예측되었고, 수분함량이 15% 및 25%인 배합사료의 경우는 가급적이면 저온에서 사용하고, $20^{\circ}C$(실온)에서 사용하는 경우라면 2일 이내에 사용하는 것이 지질산화에 의한 영양적 손실을 최소화 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.