Journal of Aquaculture (한국양식학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국양식학회)
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The Changes of Lipid Oxidation and Fatty Acid Composition of Extruded Pellet Feed by Dietary Moisture Level and Storage Temperature

수분함량과 저장온도에 따른 배합사료의 지방산화 및 지방산 조성 변화

  • Jang, Mi-Soon (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung-Duck (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Kang-Woong (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Yun (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kang, Yong-Jin (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
  • 장미순 (국립수산과학원 양식사료연구센터) ;
  • 김경덕 (국립수산과학원 양식사료연구센터) ;
  • 김강웅 (국립수산과학원 양식사료연구센터) ;
  • 이종윤 (국립수산과학원 양식사료연구센터) ;
  • 강용진 (국립수산과학원 양식사료연구센터)
  • Published : 2008.11.25
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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary moisture level and storage temperature on lipid oxidation and fatty acids composition of the extruded pellet feed. The diets containing the moisture levels of 5%, 15% and 25% were prepared by adding moisture (water) to the commercial extruded pellets and stored at $5^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$ (room temperature) and $35^{\circ}C$. The samples for analysis were collected at every 2 days for 10 days. Acid value (AV), peroxide value (POV), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and fatty acid composition of the feeds were measured. No differences in the AV, POV and TBA value were observed in feed containing 5% moisture at all storage temperatures for 10 days. However, the AV, POV and TBA value of diets containing 15% and 25% moisture increased rapidly at $20^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$ after 4 days. Fatty acids compositions of feeds containing 5% moisture did not change during the storage periods at $5^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. However, 5% moisture feed stored at $35^{\circ}C$ increased monoene fatty acid content and decreased the contents of polyene fatty acid, PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid)/SFA (saturated fatty acid) and $(C_{20:5}+C_{22:6})/C_{16:0}$ after 4 days. Also, 15% moisture feed stored at $35^{\circ}C$ showed increased monoene fatty acid content and decreased $(C_{20:5}+C_{22:6})/C_{16:0}$ after 2 days. The diet containing 25% moisture showed increased monoene fatty acid content and decreased contents of PUFA, PUFA/SFA and $(C_{20:5}+C_{22:6})/C_{16:0}$ at all temperatures after 2 days. In this study, lipid oxidation can occur in the extruded pellet feeds of 15% and 25% moisture at room temperature after 2 days.

본 연구는 시중에 판매되고 있는 상품사료에 물을 첨가하여 수분함량이 5%, 15% 및 25%가 되게 조절한 배합사료를 5, 20(실온) 및 $35^{\circ}C$의 각각 다른 온도에 10일 동안 저장하면서 이틀 간격으로 시료를 채취하여, 지방산화 정도를 알아보기 위해 AV, POV, TBA값 및 지방산 조성의 변화를 측정하였다. 또한, 이를 활용하여 수분함량에 따른 배합사료의 적절한 사용기한을 예측해 보고자 하였다. 5% 수분함유 배합사료의 경우는 모든 저장온도에서 저장 10일째까지 AV, POV 및 TBA값에 별다른 차이가 없었다. 그러나, $35^{\circ}C$에 저장한 수분함유 15% 및 25% 배합사료의 경우는 각각 저장 4일 및 2일 이후부터 AV, POV 및 TBA값이 급격하게 증가하였으며 그 변화 폭도 컸다. 한편, 수분함량이 5%인 배합사료를 $5^{\circ}C$ 및 $20^{\circ}C$에 10일간 저장하는 동안 SFA, monoene 및 polyene의 지방산 함량에 별다른 변화는 없었으나, 수분함량이 15% 및 25%인 배합사료의 경우는 저장온도가 높고 저장일이 경과함에 따라 monoene의 함량은 지속적으로 증가하고, polyene의 함량은 급속하게 감소 하였다. 또한, 수분함량 5% 배합사료를 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우는 PUFA/SFA 비율 및 불포화지방산 잔존율($C_{20:5}+C_{22:6}/C_{16:0}$)에는 거의 변화가 없었으나, 수분함량 15% 및 25%인 배합사료는 저장 4일 이후부터 감소하였다. 35에 저장한 배합사료는 수분함량에 상관없이 저장 2일 이후부터 불포화지방산 잔존율이 급격하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 수분함량 5%인 배합사료는 지질산화의 영향을 적게 받아 저장온도에 상관없이 다소 긴 기간동안 사용이 가능할 것으로 예측되었고, 수분함량이 15% 및 25%인 배합사료의 경우는 가급적이면 저온에서 사용하고, $20^{\circ}C$(실온)에서 사용하는 경우라면 2일 이내에 사용하는 것이 지질산화에 의한 영양적 손실을 최소화 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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