• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.196-200
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• 2000

Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare pathological condition. It is most often associated with lymph node and pulmonary lesions, but it may be an isolated lesion. The clinical manifestation may resemble a malignant tumor of the nasopharynx and the nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is occurred occasionally primary infection but more frequently secondary infection to pulmonary tuberculosis. The nasal endoscopic evaluation of nasopharynx is necessary in patient with possible pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The author reports two cases of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis in a 45-years old and 34-years old woman with a review of the literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2006

The lung is the most common site for the metastasis of extrapulmonary malignant tumors. However, endobronchial metastases (EBM) from extrapulmonary malignant tumors are rare. The most common extrathoracic malignancies associated with EBM are the breast, renal and colorectal carcinomas. Lung metastasis from prostate cancer is often encountered but EBM is rare. We report a 74-year old man with endobronchial metastases from prostatic carcinoma presented with cough. The diagnosis of prostatic cancer and the endobronchial metastasis were confirmed by immunohistological staining with the prostate specific antigen. Hormonal therapy (lutenizing hormone releasing hormone agonist) was applied to this patient.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 1992

Background: T-cell mediated cellular immunity has been suggested as an important mechanism in mycobacterial infection and imbalance between helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic T-cell has been suggested as an important immunological abnormality in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in human. Method: To determine whether there is any difference in T-cell mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis, total numbers of WBC&lymphocytes were counted and helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic cells were calculated by flow cytometry. Blastogenesis after stimulation with Concanavalin-A, Phytohemagglutinin and PPD were measured by $^3H$-thymidine uptake. PPD skin test was performed as an in vivo test. Results: 1)There was no significant difference in the size of PPD skin test between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis groups. 2)Number of total lymphocytes significantly decreased in tuberculosis patients compared with healthy control group. But there was no significant difference between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis groups. 3) Number of HLA-DR and Interleukin-2 receptor (+) cells were significantly increased in tuberculosis patients. But there was no significant difference between pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis groups. 4) There was no significant difference in the numbers of WBC, $T_3$, $T_4$ and $T_8$ lymphocytes and $T_4/T_8$ ratio between tuberculosis patients and healthy controls. 5) There was no significant difference in the blastogenesis after stimulation with specific and non-specific blastogens between tuberculosis patients and healthy controls. 6) The percentage and absolute number of $T_4$ lymphocyte were significantly correlated with the size of PPD skin test. (r=0.689 and 0.598). Conclusion: From these results, it is concluded that there was no difference in T-cell mediated immunity between pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis group. But, because it is suspected that there might be some difference in the role of T-cell mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis or even among the extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients, further studies would be required.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.482-484
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• 2008

It is well known that F18-FDG PET/CT is a highly sensitive diagnostic modality for cancer patients. However, false positive cases resulting from benign disease such as tuberculosis in the endemic area often compromise the diagnostic accuracy of F18-FDG PET/CT. Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare disease although extrapulmonary tuberculosis can involve any region in the body. We report one case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis incidentally detected on F18-FDG PET/CT.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.543-547
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• 1999

Gallium-67 scintigraphy is helpful in the assessment of active extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. Muscular involvement of sarcoidosis is often asymptomatic or nonspecific, and laboratory examinations do not provide convincing evidence of muscular involvement We report a case of muscular sarcoidosis, which was detected by gallium-67 scintigraphy. In a patient who was suffering from fever and arthralgia of knee joint, gallium-67 scintigraphy showed mediastinal and hilar involvement of sarcoidosis with unexpected extensive muscular uptake. Magenetic resonance imaging revealed the detailed depiction of intramuscular infiltration of sarcoid granuloma. Gallium-67 scintigraphy is useful in detecting inflammatory muscular involvement of sarcoidosis as well as other multiorgan involvement.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 1973

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a congenital malformation characterized by a cystic portion of the lung that derives its arterial blood supply through anomalous aberrant vessel directly of the systemic circulation. An aberrant systemic vessel supplying the lung was reported by Huber in 1777. Although this lesion is uncommon disorder, there are several reports on operative death caused by exanguinating hemorrhage from the aberrant arteries to the bronchopulmonary sequestration to that it has received a great deal of attention. Two type of bronchopulmonary sequestration have been identified: Intralobar pulmonary sequestration is usually contained within the visceral pleura of a pulmonary lobe and its venous drainage to the pulmonary venous system. Extrapulmonary sequestration is usually within the pleural sheath its own and its vasculature drains into the azygos or hemiazygos system. we presented one case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration which led to motor paralysis, chylothorax and hemorrhage that are consequent on postoperative complication.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.150-155
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• 2013

Tuberculous Iliopsoas muscle abscess is a rare manifestation in patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis and hardly observed in developed country. Paradoxical response to anti-tuberculous medication could make difficult therapeutic decision to clinicians. The authors report a case of tuberculous iliopsoas muscle abscess with multiple intraabdominal and thoracic abscesses in 9 year-old-boy who presented paradoxical response to anti-tuberculous treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 1987

$^{67}Ga$ Scanning may be a useful adjuvant in screening for suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis and in assessing the response of therapy. A 52-year-old man with renal tuberculosis showed a renal localization of $^{67}Ga-citrate$ scans. Follow-up Scans after 3 months of chemotherapy showed decrease in uptake. So we present a case with the brief review of literatures.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.05a
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• pp.149.1-149.1
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• 1991

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.207-211
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• 1991

A 31-year-old male has a $11.5{\times}10\;cm$ sized relatively well marginated round mass containing peripheral calcification in left upper lung field on chest roentgenograms and computed tomogram. There are no presenting symptoms including weight loss, and occupational exposures. Definitive diagnosis must differentiate from the variety of diseases whether malignancy or benign, extrapulmonary or intrapulmonary. This report described one case of malignant localized fibrous mesothelioma histologically.