• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.30A no.2
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• pp.76-85
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• 1993

This paper describes the design of a technology-independent logic, function, and timing extraction system from SPICE-like network descriptions. Technology-independent extraction mechanism is provided in the form of technology files containing the rules for constructing logic gates and functional blocks. The designed system can be more effectively used in cell-based design by describing the cells to be extracted. Timing extraction is performed by using a linear RC gate delay model which takes interconnection delay into account. Experimental results show that estimated delay is within 10 percents for logic gate circuits when compared with SPICE. Through higher-level design descriptions obtained by extraction, design cycles can be considerably reduces.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.07b
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• pp.950-953
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• 1987

A wave difference method(WDH) phase detector for timing recovery is designed in the digital subscriber loop receiver. This paper describes the architecture and experimental results of the WDM, tankless timing extraction PLL. The results show that the designed WDM timing extraction circuit have stable jitter performance without the use of high precision LC tank circuit.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.981-987
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• 1986

This paper describes the CIREX(CIRcuit EXtractor), an automated CMOS circuit extraction program which provides SPICE2 input file by computing circuit connectivity and transistor dimensions from the CIF file. The CIREX also computes parasitic capacitance and resistance which makes it a valuable tool for timing analysis and detailed circuit simulation. A lattice model is used to calculate the interconnection resistances and substrate capacitances which can be replaced, as an option, by a node model for the worst case timing analysis of the circuit.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.1 s.78
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• pp.9-17
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• 2000

This study was performed to compare and analyze the mode of tooth movement according to the timing of orthodontic force application alter extraction. The upper right and left third incisors were carefully extracted at three-week interval in lout adult dogs. Both canines were used as an anchorage for the bodily movement of the upper second incisors. Orthodontic forte of 100 gm was simultaneously applied at one week after extraction on one side and four weeks after extraction on the other side using NiTi closed coil spring. While orthodontic force was applied for twelve weeks, the amount of tooth movement was measured at every second week with digital calipers. The animals were sacrificed at twelve weeks and histologic examination was executed to reveal any difference between both sides. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The tooth movement was likely to be faster in lout-week side 4han one-week side for the first two weeks while faster in one-week side during next two weeks 2. The rate of tooth movement was fastest during four to six weeks period, then decreased gradually. 3. The total amount of tooth movement was likely to be larger in one-week side compared to four-week side. 4. Any damage to tooth and periodontal tissue could not be seen in the histologic section of one-week side. These results suggest that earlier application of orthodontic force is better than later after extraction In terms of the rate of tooth movement.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.477-497
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of timing of implant insertion on osseointegration after tooth extraction. Fifteen mongrel dogs, weighing 15kg or more, were used. The lower right 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th premolars and 1st molar were extracted under general anesthesia. Implants were inserted at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after extraction of the teeth, being designated as 2-, 4-, and 8-week groups, respectively. Results obtained were as follows. 1. Macroscopically there was neither an infection at the implant site nor an exposure of the implant. 2. Histologically the surrounding bone of the implant was less mature in the 2-week group than in the 4- and 8-week groups. 3. The implant-bone contact ranged from 75 to 82%, with no significant differences among the groups. No increase in the implant-bone contact was found with increasing healing periods from 4 to 12 weeks after implant insertions. 4. The average depth (0.64mm) of the fibrous connective tissue ingrowth in the 2-week group was slightly deeper than those in the 4- (0.51mm) and 8-week (0.53mm) groups at 12 weeks after implant insertion. 5. the implant-bone interfacial bond strengths were 73.05 kgf in the 2-week group, 69.71 kgf in the 4-week group and 73.76 kgf in the 8-week group. No significant difference was noted in pullout force among the groups. The degree of confidence of interfacial bone strength was highest in the 8-week group, followed by the 4- and 2-week groups. These results indicate that at least 4 weeks of healing period will be required before implant is to be inserted following tooth extraction.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2022

Purpose: To focus on the effects of the presence of mesiodens on adjacent teeth and to investigate the timing of its safe removal. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography examinations, obtained at Okayama University Hospital over a three-year period, were inspected. Data were recorded including the number of mesiodens; associated abnormalities; and the relationship with neighboring structures. Depending on multiple factors, the risk of developing complications due to early extraction of a mesiodens was divided into three categories: high, medium, and low risk. Results: A total of 5,958 cone-beam computed tomography exams were obtained, 460 patients aged 3-85 years were diagnosed with a total of 568 mesiodens, 382 (67.3%) of which were discovered in young patients (age <10 years), and 333 (87.2%) of these were associated with abnormalities. Regarding the risk categories, 11 (1.9%) were considered to be in the high-risk, five (0.9%) in the medium-risk and 552 (97.2%) in the low-risk categories. Moreover, eight out of 11 high-risk mesiodens were extracted and no post-operative complications have been seen. Conclusion: As the results showed that no postoperative complications were seen in all the extracted cases of high-risk mesiodens, this indicates the possibility of safe extraction at an early age which could reduce related future complications.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.337-346
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose the rough set approach to extract trading rules able to discriminate between bullish and bearish markets in stock market. The rough set approach is very valuable to extract trading rules. First, it does not make any assumption about the distribution of the data. Second, it not only handles noise well, but also eliminates irrelevant factors. In addition, the rough set approach appropriate for detecting stock market timing because this approach does not generate the signal for trade when the pattern of market is uncertain. The experimental results are encouraging and prove the usefulness of the rough set approach for stock market analysis with respect to profitability.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 1971

Serial extraction procedure, when cautiouly practiced in severe discrepancy case, can be a good clinical approach, but the treatment planning must always be based on accurate analysis of all conditions, especially patient's individual growth pattern and his family development. It is most difficult to determine the timing and selection of most effective sequence of deciduout extraction. It is the best candidate that patient is with class I malocclusion with harmony of the skeletal and muscular system and severe discrepancy of the tooth system. The authors have observed a female, who has complained of the malalignment of mandibular permanent incisor teeth. Serial extraction has been performed to relieve it through adequate various informations and resulted in a fairly good prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.60-66
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• 1997

In this paper, a moving object surveillance system, which can extract moving object in real-time, using image subtraction method is described. This technique based on the novelty filter having the structure of neural network associative memory. Digital arithmetic and timing control parts were composed of hardwired controller to treat two-dimensional massive image information. SRAMS having 20 ns access time were used for the image buffer that has high speed write/read property. Image extraction algorithm is discussed and supported by simulation and experiments.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2013

The supernumerary premolars account for 4%-9% of all supernumeraries and reported prevalence is 0.01%-1.00%. Multiple supernumerary teeth can be seen in syndromic phenotypes. But, only 2% of supernumerary premolars exhibited any pathological changes. Most of them cause interference with normal occlusal development that makes maintaining the disabled patients's oral hygiene difficult. It is recommended to delay the timing of extraction until the full permanent dentition is mature. If there is no complication, leaving the supernumerary premolars impacted is recommended. This case is about mental retardation patients with multiple supernumerary premolars.