• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.689-695
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• 1999

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), ultrasonic extraction (USE), and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) were compared with the well known Soxhlet extraction for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDDs) from the XAD-2 resin which was used to adsorb PCDDs in the atmosphere. XAD-2 resin spiked with five PCDDs was chosen as a sample. The optimum conditions for the extraction of PCDDs by SFE were turned out to be the use of CO2 modified with 10% toluene at 100 ℃ and 350 atm, with 5 min static extraction followed by 20 min dynamic extraction. SFE gave a good extraction rate with good reproducibility for PCDDs ranging from 68 to 98%. The ultrasonic extraction of PCDDs from XAD-2 was investigated and compared with other extractions. A probe type method was compared with a bath type. Two extraction solvents, toluene and acetone were compared with their mixture. The use of their mixture in probe type, with 9 minutes of extraction time, was found to be the optimum condition. The average recovery of the five PCDDs for USE was 82-93%. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) with a liquid solvent, a new technique for sample preparation, was performed under elevated temperatures and pressures. The effect of tem-perature on the efficiency of ASE was investigated. The extraction time for a 10 g sample was less than 15 min, when the organic solvent was n-hexaneacetone mixture (1 : 1, v/v). Using ASE, the average recoveries of five PCDDs ranged from 90 to 103%. SFE, USE, and ASE were faster and less laborious than Soxhlet extraction. The former three methods required less solvent than Soxhlet extraction. SFE required no concentration of the solvent extracts. SFE and ASE failed to perform simultaneous parallel extractions because of instrumental limitations.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.445-449
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소를 용매로 사용하여 고삼으로부터 genistein을 추출하였다. 공용매와 추출 온도 및 압력 등에 따른 추출효율을 측정하였으며, 공용매로 메탄올과 에탄올을 사용하여 200 bar에서 300 bar의 압력범위와 $35^{\circ}C$와 $50^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 연구를 수행하였다. 조건에 따라 서로 다른 genistein의 추출효율을 보였으며, 특히 높은 압력과 높은 온도에서 가장 높은 추출효율이 관찰되었다. 또한 메탄올이 에탄올보다 더욱 효과적인 공용매 특성을 보였으며 농도가 높을수록 추출효율도 증가하였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정하여 고삼 추출물의 항산화 활성을 비교하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2013

Objectives : The Illicii Veri Fructus was not only traditional medicine but also food in Asia. The aim of this study was selection of optimum solvent in the fruit of Illicii Veri Fructus because an appropriate solvent affect a medicinal effect. Methods : Illicii Veri Fructus was carried out ultrasonic-assisted extraction as various solvents. Two main compounds, p-anisaldehyde and anethole, were successfully analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and carried out method validation according to ICH guideline. The optimum solvent selected by comparing with yields of two main ingredients. Results : The p-anisaldehyde and anethole were detected at approximately 8.0 min and 19.8 min, respectively. It was all below 5.0% that RSD of retention time and peak area for two main peaks. Calibration curves of two compounds were good linearity as $R^2$ >0.9999. All of the precisions and accuracy were good intra-day and inter-day as below 5.0% RSD. Limited of detection (LOD) of p-anisaldehyde and anethole were analyzed as $0.134{\mu}g/mL$ and $4.286{\mu}g$, respectively. Limited of quantification (LOQ) of two compounds were $0.407{\mu}g$ and $12.989{\mu}g$, respectively. As a result of this study, p-anisladehyde was detected as 0.209 ~ 0.467%, however anethole was not detected in the distilled water. Conclusions : Anethole was main component as 5.329 ~ 6.815% except for water extraction. Methanol extraction among various solvents was detected the highest contents of p-anisaldehyde and anethole as 0.467(${\pm}0.008$)% and 6.815(${\pm}0.220$)%, respectively.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.403-408
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• 1996

솔잎의 향기성분을 용매분획과 수증기증류법으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 솔잎을 hexane, ethyl acetate 및 ethanol로 연속적으로 추출하였을 때, 29종의 향기성분이 분리, 확인되었고, 주요 성분은 hydrocarbon이었다. hexane 추출에 의한 솔잎의 주요 향기성분은 ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-thujene, trans-caryophyllene, ${\beta}$-cubebene 순으로 높게 나타났다. 솔잎을 hexane으로 추출한 잔사에 ethyl acetate를 가하여 향기 성분을 분석하였을 경우 추출된 향기성분은 ${\alpha}$-cubebene, 3,6,9,12,15-petaoxanonadecan-1-ol, camphene, 순으로 높았고, 솔잎을 hexane 및 ethyl cetate로 추출한 잔사에 ethanol을 가하여 분석한 경우는 ${\beta}$-D4-tetrahydropyran, ${\gamma}$-cadinene, 3-ethyl-1,4-hexadiene, ${\alpha}$-cubebene등이 주성분이었다. 솔잎을 수증기 증류하여 향기성분을 분석한 결과 44종의 성분이 분리, 확인되었고, hydrocarbon류가 주성분이었다. ${\beta}$-cubebene, trans-caryophyllene, 2-hexenal, T-muurolol, ${\delta}$-cadinene 순이었다. 수증기 증류법에 의한 방법으로 추출 하였을 때 용매분획 추출시 보다 더 많은 성분이 검색되었고, 용매분획에 따라 추출되는 향기성분의 함량과 조성은 차이가 있었으며, 추출방법에 따라서도 향 기성분의 조성비가 다르게 나타났다.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.563-569
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• 1992

The sorption and desorption properties of four different solid adsorbents were evaluated for the trace enrichment of ibuprofen from biological samples. Chromosorb 107 gave the highest dynamic adsorption coefficient. Among the organic solvents examined, acetone gave the highest desorption coefficient. Using the Chromosorb 107 column, the optimum elution volume of the eluting solvent was evaluated from the breakthrough curve of ibuprofen. The usefulness of Chromosorb 107 as the solid adsorbent and acetone as the eluting solvent was examined for the solid-phase extraction of ibuprofen from serum in the concentration range of $20{\sim}40\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.395-400
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• 1995

The sorption and desorption properties of four adsorbents were evaluated for the trace enrichment of clobazam from biological samples. Graphitized carbon black(GCB) gaved the highest dynamic adsorption coefficient. Among the six organic solvents examined, acetone gave the highest desorption coefficient for the clobazam adsorbed on GCB. Using the GCB column, the optimum elution volume of the eluting solvent was evaluated from the on-line monitored breakthrough curve for clobazam. When GCB as the solid adsorbent and acetone as the eluting solvent were used for the solidphase extraction of clobazam from serum, the recoveries were higher than 83% with good reproducibility in the concentration range of 20-50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.399-402
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• 2000

To determine the concentrations of microcystins present in lake water or in tap water using high performance liquid chromatography, it is necessary to concentrate a large volume of water samples (about 20 L) into very small volume (0.1-0.3 mL). Concentration can be conveniently done when disc type solid phase extraction (SPE) apparatus is used. Using this apparatus we have investigated the recovery rates of three kinds of microcystins, RR, YR, LR. The recovery rates were relatively low and the reproducibilities were not good either. It is expected, however, that the appropriate selection of the disc conditioning and eluting solvents and reproducible reconcentration process after SPE will improve both the recovery rates and the reproducibilities.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.16-22
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• 1993

In recent years, great concern for the improvement of drinking water quality has been arising due to the contamination of the raw and treated water. So trihalomethanes (THMs) and some other volatile organic compounds (VOCs), potential carcinogenic substances, rendered the government to take some countermeasurements for clean water service in the dimension of public health. In this study, we used liquid-liquid extraction method as a rapid simple method for determination of VOCs through eluation with n-Pentane in water. The aim with the present study has been to determine the changes of recovery and reproducibility of the method under the various conditions in extraction solvents, solvent ratio and extraction time, and to observe the concentrations under the various temperature and pH during storage.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the optimal condition of the extraction of red pepper oleoresin. The yield of oleoresin form red pepper was 24~28% when it was extracted by ethanol and methanol. and 8~10% by acetone, ethylene dichloride and n-hexane. But more than 60% of portion in alcohol extracts were moisture and sugars. Capsaicin and pigment were extracted more than 70% of those in red pepper when it was extracted by ethylene dichloride Those useful components were extracted most efficiently by mixed solvents of ethanol and ethylene dichloride at the ratio of 50:150. other extracting conditions were investigated in this studies, such as optimal extraction time was more than 3 hours, temperature was 55$^{\circ}C$ and particle size was finer than 250 mesh

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.133-135
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• 2001

The edible part of cucurbita moschata Duch, which is commonly used as a Korean traditional medicine as well as a popular food source, was studied to isolate anti-complementary substance. Extracts of Cucurbita moschata Duch showed significant anti-complementary activities on the classical pathway of the complement system. Especially, the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch had more activity than that of the complement system. Especially, the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch had more activity than that of the green one in terms of the overall anti-complementary activity. Among the extracts of various organic solvents of the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch, chloroform and ethyl-acetate extracts, which are non-polar solvent extracts, showed the strongest activities. These results suggest that the major difference in the solvent extraction for the anti-complementary substances depends on the change in the chemical composition such as the fatty acid with the degree of ripening.