• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.142-148
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• 2005

Succinic acid is an important material in industries producing biodegradable polymers, food and pharmaceutical products, and green solvents. Furthermore, succinate fermentation is a novel process due to the fixation of $CO_2$ into succinate during fermentation. However, the impurities in fermentation broth make the separation process of succinic acid be difficult. Reactive extraction has been proposed to be an effective primary separation step of succinic acid from dilute fermentation broth. This article presents the principles of reactive extraction along with the characteristics of tertiary amino extractants. A brief overview on the current research on reactive extraction of succinic acid is presented. Finally, for the succinic acid separation, reactive extraction as a primary step is suggested in the whole downstream process for succinic acid from fermentation broth.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.380-385
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of Ulva pertusa kjellman extract after undergoing a low temperature and high-pressure extraction process. First, the extracts obtained under the extraction conditions of 150 MPa and $80^{\circ}C$showed a relatively high antioxidant activity, with 90% super oxide radical activity compared to the extracts from conventional extraction process with water at $100^{\circ}C$. This extract also improved the growth of both human immune B and T cells up to $14.5{\times}10^4$ cells/mL and $14.2{\times}10^4$ cells/mL compared to $9.1{\times}10^4$ cells/mL in adding the extracts from conventional processes. It was found that the extracts obtained at 100 MPa and $60^{\circ}C$ showed better activities in NK cell growth and NO production from macrophage as $11.8{\times}10^2$ cells/mL and 30.0 ${\mu}M$. Overall, the extracts from high pressure and low temperature extraction process had relatively higher immune activation activity, possibly because the low temperature and high pressure extraction process may have higher yields of active compounds and have less damage to useful ingredients from relatively weak marine natural resources, such as Ulva pertusa kjellmann than that from the conventional extraction system.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.740-747
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• 2017

A fast cell contour extraction method using CUDA parallel processing technique is presented. The cell contour extraction is one of important processes to analyze cell information in pathology. However, conventional sequential contour extraction methods are slow for a huge high-resolution medical image, so they are not adequate to use in the field. We developed a parallel morphology operation algorithm to extract cell contour more quickly. The algorithm can create an inner contour and fail to extract the contour from the concave part of the cell. We solved these problems by subdividing the contour extraction process into four steps: morphology operation, labeling, positioning and contour extraction. Experimental results show that the proposed method is four times faster than the conventional one.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.673-676
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• 1991

Lipids and protein were extracted simultaneously from soybean flour by aqeous processing. Extraction yields of lipids and protein were 62 and 68%, respectively, when 120-150 mesh full-fat soybean flour was dispersed in six times of water (w/w) at $40^{\circ}C$ and pH 8. Supplementary treatment for the higher extraction yields such as proteolytic enzymes treatment improved extraction yields of lipids and protein up to 86 and 89%, respectively. Ultrasonification also improved extraction yields of lipids and protein up to 90%. Red and yellow colors of aqeous-extracted soybean oil were slightly darker than those of hexane-extracted oil, but were much lighter in colors than those of Folch-extracted oil.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

Purpose: To observe the histologic pattern of healing in molar tooth extraction sockets of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following irradiation. Materials and Methods: Mature Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic-irradiated groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin. Control rats were injected with a citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the right maxillary first molar was extracted under general anesthesia from each of the rats. After the extraction, rats in the diabetic-irradiated group were irradiated with a single absorbed dose of 10 Gy to the head and neck region. The rats were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after treatment. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. Results: In the diabetic and diabetic-irradiated groups, the early healing process of the socket extraction was similar to the control group, but bone formation was delayed at 7 days after the treatment. In the diabetic-irradiated group, alveolar bone surrounding the extraction socket showed signs of necrosis at 3 days after treatment, and hemorrhage was observed in connective tissue within the extraction socket at 14 days after treatment. Conclusion: This experiment revealed that the healing process of the extraction socket was severely delayed and retarded by irradiation in the diabetic state.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.427-431
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• 2009

The thermodynamical mechanism of the extraction of soybean isoflavones from soybean residuals using organic solvent method has been studied. On the basis of experiments, a simple model for determining the distribution coefficients in organic solvent extraction was employed to calculate the thermodynamical functions between $K,\;{\Delta}H^0,\;{\Delta}S^0\;and\;{\Delta}G^0$ in the soybean isoflavones extraction process. The results show that the soybean isoflavones extraction is an endothermic and an entropy-increasing process: the ${\Delta}G^0$ decreases when the temperature arises.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.686-694
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• 2012

This study was conducted to develop a method to change the color of traditional Dongchimi using natural dyes to meet changing consumer demands. It was intended to improve the manufacturing process ability for color Dongchimi, and the best optimum extraction solvent and method from the natural dyes were proven to be confirmed and valid. The extraction process was evaluated using different solvents including distilled water, 20% ethyl alcohol, and 1% citric acid, and the quantity of the extracted anthocyanin was then measured based on the absorbance. The greatest absorbance was observed when 1% citric acid was used. Based on these findings, it would be most efficient to allow the traditional Dongchimi to produce citric acid naturally instead of using artificial additives during its production. Celosia cristata L. was extracted in its largest quantity when reacted with 20% ethyl alcohol. Therefore, instead of applying Celosia cristata L. to Dongchimi as the sub-ingredient during the preparatory stage, it will be more efficient to use Celosia cristata L. as the fractional ingredient in order to first extraction.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2014

This study was designed to evaluate antioxidant activity of Curcuma longa L. leaves treated by ultra high pressure extraction. Curcuma longa L. leaves was subjected to 5,000 bar for 5 and 15 min at $25^{\circ}C$ The highest phenolics and flavonoids content was observed in the treatment of high pressure extraction for 15 min ($308.28{\mu}g/mg$, $124.33{\mu}g/mg$). The DPPH scavenging activity was 82.34% at $1.0mg/m{\ell}$ of Curcuma longa L. leaves treated by ultra high pressure process for 15 min. The highest SOD-like acitivity of Curcuma longa L. leaves ($1.0mg/m{\ell}$) was observed at ultra high pressure extraction for 15 min (67.54%). The high pressure extraction significantly increased the contents of phenolics and flavonoids and also enhanced the antioxidant activity. These results provide useful information for enhancing biological properties of Curcuma longa L. leaves.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-9
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• 2009

The present review paper deals the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) general principles and the basic fundamentals, general process of LLE followed by the importance of LLE reagents. LLE is a process of transferring a chemical compound from one liquid phase to a second liquid phase, immiscible with the first. In analytical chemistry, this method enjoys a favored position among separation techniques because of its simplicity, speed and wide scope. By utilizing apparatus no more complicated than a separatory funnel and requiring several minutes at most to perform, extraction procedures offer much to the analytical chemist.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.323-327
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• 2000

Microwave-assisted process (2,450MHz), which is known as a more environmental-friendly process with economic advantages than the current extraction methods, was investigated to pre-establish the extraction conditions for soluble ginseng components used for the processing of ginseng products. The extractions of soluble ginseng components showed optimum conditions, such as 60 mesh in particle size, 1 : 10 (g/mL) in the sample to solvent ratio, and less than 100 watts in energy efficiency. Under these conditions using along with 60% ethanol for 5 min, the overall yield of ginseng extracts was about 83%. Most soluble components including saponins were extracted by repeating five times of microwave-assisted extraction.