• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2004

Objectives : Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among women in Busan. The Pap smear test could have a significant effect on detecting cervical cancer, and enhancing their rate of use is an important strategy for reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the past use of the Pap smear test in Korean women. Methods : A population-based survey was carried out in Busan between November 1999 and March 2000. 1,673 participants were randomly selected from 2,684 women in Busan, using a 2-stage cluster sampling method, and interviewed in their homes. Their socio-demographic characteristics, smoking, drinking, familial cancer history, Pap smear screening history, reproductive and menstrual factors, sexual habits and use of contraceptive methods data were collected by a trained interviewer using a questionnaire. The use of the screening test was defined by a self-report from the participants on how many times they had had a Pap smear test in their lifetime, and when they had received their latest examination. Results : Of the 1,673 respondents (62.3% response rate), 57.6% had had a Pap smear test during her life (mean number, 2.3). Among the health examination participants(1,064), 961(90.3%) reported having sexual experience and 70.9% of these had had a Pap smear test. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, statistically significant relationships were observed for age groups and the Pap smear test rate (odds ratio, OR for 35-44 years=2.45; OR for 45-54 years=3.41; OR for 55 years=2.60; reference, under 34 years). The married or cohabiting women were more likely to have used the Pap smear test than those separated or widowed (OR=1.73). Among the reproductive behavioral measures, the number of births (OR for 3 births=4.22; OR for 2 births=3.95; OR for 1 births=3.38; reference, 0 births) and husband's extra-marital affairs (OR=1.50) were associated with the rates of use of Pap smear tests. Conclusion : It appears that the most important contributing factors to cervical cancer screening were age, marital status and number of births. A positive association was also observed for the husband's extra-marital affairs. This study enabled us to systematically assess the relationship between Pap smear rates and risk factors for cervical cancer. It is hoped that this study will make a significant contribution to the accumulating scientific evidence on the identification of factors associated with cervical cancer screening in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.35-50
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• 2022

As the water shortage has become a noticeable issue due to climate change, forests play an importance role as the provider of water supply service. There is, however, little information about the relationships between the factors used in the estimation of water supply service and coarse pore fraction of forest soil which determines the potential of water supply. To find out whether there would be an amelioration in the scoring system of water supply service estimation, we examined all factors except meteorological one and additionally, analyzed 4 extra factors that might be related with coarse pore fraction of soil. A total of 2,214 soil samples were collected throughout South Korea to measure coarse pore fractions from 2015 to 2020. First, the result of average coarse pore fraction of all samples showed 32.98±6.59% which was consistent with previous studies. And the results of non-parametric analysis of variance indicated that only two of eleven factors that was used in the scoring system matched the results of coarse pore fraction of forest soils. Tree canopy coverage showed no difference among categories, and slope also showed no significance at level of 0.05 in the linear regression analysis. Additionally, the applicability of 4 extra factors were confirmed, as the result of coarse pore fractions of soil samples were different for various categories of each factor. Therefore, the scoring system of water supply service of forest should be revised to improve accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.100-113
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• 2009

This research aims to examine the experiences of hospital dietitians' burnout and the factors of their burnout, such as demographic factors, unique characteristics of hospitals, their self-respect, and organizational factors. In order for this, a questionnaire survey was conducted with hospital dietitians working in general hospitals of over 400 beds in the Seoul Metropolitan area. The average point of self-respect of dietitians is 3.67 out of 5.00. Their experience of burnout turned out to be 3.17 out of 7, the extent of job satisfaction is high, that is 3.35 out of 5.00. The decrease of personal accomplishment is shown to be closely related to the burnout of dietitians. The emotional exhaustion in burnout at the significant level 0.001 is increasing as the annual gross salary is low, their age is young, extra-working hours are long, and is high to the dietitians serving meals and working at entrusted companies. The factors affected by burnout experience vary with individual circumstances. So, to prevent the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, hospital dietitians' spiritual and physical health needs to be kept up by their self-development and investment.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 2002

D. W. Organ(1977) published a paper about the importance of Organizational Citizenship Behavior(OCB) in an organization. Since then, the studies of OCB have been continuously increased. As recent business environment has changed with rapidity and uncertainty, OCB for the improvement performance of organization should be more emphasized. Role behaviors of organization are divided into two parts such as in-role behavior and extra-role behavior. In recent, although the researches about extra-role behavior have been studied, they are still not sufficient. This study attempted to examine relationships between organizational culture, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, Sample was 193 employee engaged in hospitals of Pusan. In this study I chose four factor(affective, conservative, task and innovative culture) of organizational culture and three factors (affective, continuous and normative commitment) of organizational commitment and five factors(altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy, civic virtue and sportsmanship) with regard to organization citizenship behavior. The major findings of the empirical research are as follows ; 1. The Causal relation of dimensions of organizational culture and dimensions of OCB. 1) Affective culture has significant impact on courtesy, civic virtue of OCB. 2) Conservative culture has no significant impact on all of OCB. 3) Task culture has significant impact on conscientiousness, civic virtue, sportsmanship of OCB. 4) Innovative culture has no significant impact on courtesy, civic virtue of OCB. 2. The Causal relation of dimensions of organizational commitment and dimensions of OCB. 1) Affective commitment has significant impact on all of OCB. 2) Continuous commitment has no significant impact on all of OCB. 3) Normative commitment has significant impact on courtesy, civic virtue of OCB. In brief, though this study has several limitations in research design and methods, the results suggest that organizational culture of hospitals and organizational comitment of hospitals shows a strong relationship to the organization citizenship behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.143-153
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• 1982

The objectives of this study were as follows: 1) To describe the group of selected disabled homemakers in terms of demographic and medical variables related to organizational activities in the home and family participation in household activities. 2) To identify those demograhpic and medical variables that were related to organizational activities in the home and family participation in household activities. 3) To identify relationship between organizational activities in the home and family participation in household activities. Questionnaires were given to the selected disabled homemakers living in Seoul. The sample was small(N=35) and it was not random; therefore generalizations could not be made to the population as a whole. Data were analyzed by mean, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks, and Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Homemaker's organizational activities were measured by 16 items about physical and mental activities from Mumaw's Organizational Activities Index. Family participation in household activities was measured by 8 items about how often family members participated in two areas of household activities: house chores and extra-activities. The results were as follows: 1) The homemaker's higher organizational activities scores were associated with younger homemaker, higher the level of education, small households, and higher the economic status. The homemaker without children performed better organizational household activities. The homemaker with shorter the duration of disability performed better organizational activities. The homemaker who needed crutches for mobility performed better organizational household activities. 2) The homemaker who was younger, higher the level of education, with smaller households, and lower the economic level was helped by husband. Husband helped better the homemaker with shorter the duration of disability in household activities. 3) Factors affecting children's participation in disabled homemaker's house chores and extra-activities were the age of homemaker and the marital status. The homemaker was single and older, the children were more helpful. 4) Task standardization score was the highest among the factors of homemaker's organizational activities and families with a disabled homemaker participated more extensively than families with abled homemaker. 5) Significant intercorrelation was found between the dependent variables.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.243-248
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to develop Deterioration Diagnosis System for the Reinforced Concrete Structure which can be used preliminary in determining the factors causing deterioration by simple inspection and mapping of the indicators of deterioration. Total 29 items compromising material, structural and constructional factors causing deterioration were considered in this system. Also the indicators of deterioration were subdivided into 54 items such as concrete crack pattern and steel corrosion etc. Each indicator of deterioration was quantatified by allocating and giving grade to each item which has extra weight according to its conscquence. Satisfactory results were obtatined by applying this Diagnosis system to the indicators of deterioration in ref. [3]. Further research was required on the indicators of deterioration in construction site to enhance the field applicability of this system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2437-2444
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• 2012

Tumor metastasis remains the principal cause of treatment failure and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. It is a multistage process which includes proteolysis, motility and migration of cells, proliferation in a new site, and neoangiogenesis. A crucial step in the process of intra- and extra-vasation is the activation of proteolytic enzymes capable of degrading the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this stage, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are necessary. Micrometastases need the presence of growth factor and vascular growth factor so that they can form macrometastasis. In addition, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) play important roles in the progression of colorectal cancer and metastatic migration. Further elucidation of the mechanisms of how these molecules contribute will aid in the identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as therapeutic targets for patients with colorectal metastasis.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.330-335
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• 2002

Resistance spot welding is one of the most widely used processes in sheet metal fabrication. Quality assurance of welding has been important to increase the productivity. In this study, weld quality estimation using primary circuit dynamic resistance applied to the in-process real-time systems. For quality estimation, factors relating to quality were extracted from the dynamic resistance, measured in the timer. The relationship between these factors and weld quality was determined through a artificial neural network model. This method has the advantage over the conventional one, such as obtaining the quality information without the use of extra devices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.170-177
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• 2000

Sorting cut roses according to quality is very essential to increase the value of the product. Many factors are involved in determining the grade of cut roses: length, thickness, and straightness of stem, color and maturity of bud, and extra. Among these factors, the stem straightness and bud maturity are considered to be difficult to set proper classification criteria. In this study, a prototype machine and an analysis procedure were developed to grade cut roses according to stem straightness and bud maturity by utilizing color image processing and neural network. The test results indicated 15.8% classification error for stem straightness and 10.0% for bud maturity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.32-34
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• 2007

The global market for mobile phone business is already matured. Accordingly， the repurchasing issue for the mobile phone is being weighted drastically by the marketers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among seven crucial factors, and also examines the differences between Korean and Indonesian markets concerning the relationships of these key success factors. This research classifies these two markets as a matured market and an emerging market respectively. The structural model is tested with the data from each of the sub-samples. The analysis of the multi-group structural equation model (MSEM) showed that compared to Korean, Indonesian had more emphasized on extra-functions for the mobile phone as well as giving more influence on satisfaction from brand image. Due to the different market situation and users, the lessons to which product features must be more emphasized could be obtained for the product managers in the industry.