• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1993년도 봄 학술회 논문집
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• pp.33-40
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• 1993

The Bieniawski's geomechanics classification system(1984) is widely employed as a tool of engineering evaluation of rock masses for tunnel design. Since the siz parameters adoped in the system are believed to control the engineering behavior of rock mass under an external load, no question may be raised to the conceptional idea immanent in the system. However, the rating grade for each individual parameter given in the system may be properly measured since an engineering property of rock mass is not stepwise changed but continuously changed. In order to get the proper rating grade based upon the continuously changed properties in each parameter, several equations presented in this paper are obtained through regration analyses with the grades and median values of properties givne in the system. A FORTRAN computer program given in the paper could provide not only RMR value but also rock mass properties (E, c, o, v, etc.) using the empirical equations.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.452-464
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• 2005

Since the national curriculum and textbooks are essential to understand the country's educational system, the importance of the textbook analysis should be emphasized to understand the education in North Korea. In this study, the science textbooks of North Korean elementary schools published since the year 2000 were analysed in depth and compared with those of 1990's, then the change in North Korean elementary science education was investigated. As for the external format, the total pages of 3rd grade textbooks of 2000's decreased notably. The 4th grade textbooks show an emphasis on the integrating feature of season-related chapters. The analysis of each category using a content framework of TIMSS shows that the content proportion relating to Earth Science and Physical Science was increased, while the proportion relating to Biological Science was decreased. Besides, changes of proportion of each subcategories were analysed and discussed.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2003년도 학술대회논문집
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• pp.349-354
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• 2003

Airport facility is infrastructure that become external creditworthiness and linear measure of country competitive power. Among them, receive and supply of electric power facility of airport is very important in peculiarity, trustability, safety side of airport. In this parer, sorted domestic airline as 4 classes by code to accomplish standardization for receive and supply of electric power facility of airport. And established justice and coverage about receive and supply of electric power facility using without any standard present and analyze problem for receive and supply of electric power facility of existing airport and presents standard. Finally, present standard single-line diagram by airport grade and system grade standard of receive and supply of electric power facility of airport.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among the internal locus of control, perceived family support, family cohesion, family adaptability, and children's social behaviors. The subjects were 285 6th and 8th grade students and their homeroom teachers. A questionnaire was used as survey method. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan post test. and multiple regression. The results are as follows: First, internal locus of control was positively related to social competence and negatively related to antisocial behavior. Perceived family support, family cohesion and adaptability were positively related to social competence and negatively related to antisocial behavior. Second, girls were higher internal locus of control, family cohesion, family adaptability and social competence and lower in antisocial behavior than boys. The 8th graders had lower scores than 6th graders in perceived family support, family cohesion, family adaptability and social competence and higher level of antisocial behavior. Third, perceived family support and family adaptability impacted social competence in girls, and grade impacted social competence in boys. Grade, perceived family support and locus of control had significant effects on the antisocial behavior in boys, and perceived family support impacted antisocial behavior in girls.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.363-367
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• 1993

자궁경부암의 방사선 치료중 외부방사선조사로만 치료한 환자에서 생존율, 합병증, 예후인자를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 1979년 3월부터 1988년 12월까지 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 근치적 방사선 치료를 시행받은 총 650명의 자궁경부암 환자 중 외부방사선 조사만 시행한 42명을 대상으로 후향적 분석을 실시하였다. 방사선치료는 45 Gy내지 50 Gy의 전골반 조사후 3 내지 2 조사야를 사용한 축소야로 12 Gy에서 22 Gy의 추가조사를 시행하였다. 외부방사선조사만 시행한 이유는 심한 종양괴사로 인한 경우 25예, vaginal vault가 좁은 경우 5예, 외부방사선 치료 중 자궁강의 파열 1예등 강내조사용기구삽입이 불가능한 경우(poor geometry) 31명, 내과적 문제 5명, 고령 2명, 환자의 거부 2명, 장관 유착과 골반질환이 각각 1명이었다. FIGO병기 IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA의 환자수는 각각 1명, 3명, 12명, 1명, 20명, 5명이었다. 병기 IIA, IIB, IIIB, IVA에 따른 5년 국소치유율은 각각 $66.7\%,\;38.9\%,\;27.0\%,\;20.0\%$이었고 5년 생존률은 각각 $66.7\%,\;36.4\%,\;32.8\%,\;25.0\%$으며 1명씩의 IB와 IIIA의 환자는 무병생존했다. 방사선 치료가 끝난 후 치료반응 판정에서 완전관해와 부분관해를 보인 환자군이 그렇지 않은 환자군보다 5년 국소치유율은 의미있게 높았으나 $(45.3\%\;vs\;17.8\%\;p=0.04)$ 5년 생존률의 의미있는 차이는 없었다$(43.5\%\;vs\;23.1\%\;p=0.17)$. 방사선 치료후 1개월에서 완전관해와 부분관해를 보인 환자군은 그렇지 않은 환자군보다 5년 국소치유율 $(53.8\%\;vs\;0\%\;p=0.0002)$과 5년 생존률$(51.3\%\;vs\;1.0\% \;p=0.001)$이 의미있게 높았다. Grade 2와 Grade 3의 합병증은 각각 $12\%$와 $10\%$였다. 진행된 경우일수록 합병증의 빈도가 증가하는 경향이었다. 따라서 자궁경부암 환자의 방사선 치료에 가장 적합한 방법은 외부조사와 강내 치료를 병행하는 것이나 강내 치료가 불가능한 환자군에 대해서는 적극적 수술방법의 도입을 고려해야하겠다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2217-2220
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the survival outcome of early stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with risk factors for locoregional recurrence treated with combined pelvic external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) after comprehensive surgery. Materials and Methods: Post-operative radiotherapy by pelvic EBRT and VBT for early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma resulted in excellent pelvic control with acceptable complications. This study showed no significant relationships between age, stage, histologic grade and LVSI and overall survival rate. Results: The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) of early stage endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma was 85.7%. Acute toxicity occurred in 38.1% of the patients, all of whom were grade 1 or 2. Total late toxicity developed in 42.9% of study group, in which 36.99% of them were grade 1-2 and 4.76% were grade 3-4. Conclusions: Post-operative radiotherapy by pelvic EBRT and VBT is acceptable for early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, independent of age, stage, histologic grade and LVSI.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.49-64
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• 2001

This study explored the relationship of children's perceived social support and locus of control to their self-esteem. Subjects were 190 5th grade children. Instruments were the revised Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (1967), Dubow and Ullman's Social Support Appraisal Scale (1989), and Crandall's Intellectual Achievement Responsibility (1965). Data were analysed by t-tests and Pearson's correlations. Children with high perceived social support had higher self-esteem than children with low perceived social support. Children who attributed their success to internal factors had high self-esteem; children who attributed their success to external factors had low self-esteem. Successful children who attributed their success to external factors had low self-esteem, regardless of their social support level. Children who attributed their success to their abilities or hard work had high self-esteem only if they received high social support.

• 아동학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2002

The subjects of this study were 4th to 6th grade children and instruments were the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills, the Internal-External Control Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Peer Relations Questionnaire. In the concurrent study, children lower in social skills and in self-esteem and external in locus of control reported more bullying and victimization. Children higher in social skills and in self-esteem and internal in locus of control reported more prosocial behavior. In the prospective study, children lower in social skills were more involved in bullying and victimization. Children higher in social skills reported more prosocial behavior. The effects of locus of control and self-esteem on peer relations diminished over time. However, social skills had a significant influence on bullying, victimization and prosocial behavior up to two years later. Children lower in psychosocial development were more vulnerable to peer victimization.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2008

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a low grade malignant neoplasm that commonly occurs in the parotid gland. Recently, we investigated a case of EMC that occurred in the external auditory canal (EAC) in a 35-year-old male, and this tumor was initially diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma. The difficulty associated with diagnosing EMC by aspiration cytology arises from both the rare incidence of this tumor and the overlapping spectrum of cytological features found in various salivary gland tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.17-33
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate knowledge and attitudes of students majoring in health-related fields toward automated external defibrillator (AED) and to identify the influencing factors of knowledge and attitudes in AED use among the students. Methods: Data were collected from 346 students and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, post hoc $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, with SPSS Win 20.0 program. Results: Overall knowledge of AED in health-related major students, except paramedics and physical therapy was relatively low while attitudes were at moderate level. There were statistically significant differences in knowledge according to age, grade, major, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) awareness, exposure to AED and CPR education; and differences in attitude according to major, health status, health awareness, CPR awareness, exposure to AED, and CPR education. Significant factors explained 63% of knowledge on AED (F= 43.96, p<.001) and 37% of attitudes on AED (F= 15.84, p<.001). Conclusion: The study findings suggest that systemic education programs on AED should be implemented during undergraduate curriculum to improve survival rate of sudden cardiac arrest.