• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.47-58
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• 2018

The Belgian textile wallcovering has the following background. The unique oceanic climate is optimized for flax. Beginning in the thirteenth century, British wool was produced for export to Britain or neighboring countries. Since the 15th century, Flemish paintings were influenced by color implementations, and these colors have influenced the developments of tapestry and art. Since that time, tapestry and paintings combined with paper technologies and Oriental civilizations, such as silk, that had been developed through trade ports, have been transformed into the form of current wallcoverings. Belgium produces the highest quality textile wallcovering using natural materials i.e., a combination of irregular and modern materials, and the implementation of different colors. The Belgian textile wallcovering is also a good representation of nature at the Heimtextil 2018, It provides a wide range of colors while retaining the best styles for wallcoverings in Belgium. The characteristics of Belgian wall coverings are: First, the high proportion of achromatic colors, especially the white ones, are analyzed for current trends. Second, it expresses the characteristics of materials by using only one material. This not only shows a high level of understanding of natural materials, but also shows a high level of development in terms of processing technology. Thirdly, linen was made into a formative expression using wrinkle processing and by printing geometric patterns, the rough texture of natural materials was expressed in harmony with modern patterns.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.325-344
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• 2017

The present paper investigates the propagation of Love-type wave in a composite structure comprised of imperfectly bonded piezoelectric layer with lower fiber-reinforced half-space with rectangular shaped irregularity at the common interface. Closed-form expression of phase velocity of Love-type wave propagating in the composite structure has been deduced analytically for electrically open and short conditions. Some special cases of the problem have also been studied. It has been found that the obtained results are in well-agreement to the Classical Love wave equation. Significant effects of various parameters viz. irregularity parameter, flexibility imperfectness parameter and viscoelastic imperfectness parameter associated with complex common interface, dielectric constant and piezoelectric coefficient on phase velocity of Love-type wave has been reported. Numerical computations and graphical illustrations have been carried out to demonstrate the deduced results for various cases. Moreover, comparative study has been performed to unravel the effects of the presence of reinforcement and piezoelectricity in the composite structure and also to analyze the existence of irregularity and imperfectness at the common interface of composite structure in context of the present problem which serves as a salient feature of the present study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.443-457
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• 2018

In this article, a comparative study has been made to investigate the scattering behaviour of three layered structure model on torsional surface wave. For such model intermediate layer is taken as fiber reinforced composite, resting over a dry sandy Gibson substratum and underlying by different anelastic media. We consider two distinct mediums for topmost layer. In the first case, topmost layer has been taken as fluid saturated homogeneous porous layer, while in the second case the fluid saturated porous layer has been replaced by a transversely isotropic layer. Simple form expression for the secular equation of torsional surface wave has been worked out in both the cases by executing specific boundary conditions, which comprises Whittaker's function and its derivative, for imminent result that have been elaborated asymptotically. Some special cases have been constituted which are in excellent compliance with recorded literatures. For the sake of comparative study, numerical estimation and graphical illustration have been accomplished to identify the effects of the width ratio of the layers, Biot's gravity parameter, sandy parameter, porosity parameter and other heterogeneity parameters corresponding to the layers and half spaces, horizontal compressive and tensile initial stress on the phase velocity of torsional surface wave.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.242-248
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• 2002

Previously, it was reported that the nonhomologous C-terminal regions of the D-hydantoinases are nonessential for catalysis, but affect the oligomeric structure of the enzyme [3]. In an effort to further confirm the above observation, the C-terminal region-inserted enzyme was constructed by attaching a peptide (22 residues) at the C-terminal of the D-hydantoinase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus GH2, and its structural and biochemical properties were compared with both the wild-type and C-terminal region-truncated enzymes. As a result, native tetrameric D-hydantoinase was dimerized as the truncated enzyme, and the inserted mutant with a new sequence was expressed as a catalytically active form in E. coli. Expression level of the inserted and truncated enzymes were found to be significantly increased compared to the level of the wild-type enzyme, and this appears to be due to the reduced toxic effect of the mutant enzymes on host cells. Dimerized enzymes exhibited increased thermo- and pH stabilities considerably when compared with the corresponding wild-type enzyme. Comparison of the substrate specificity between the mutant and wild-type enzymes suggests that the substrate specificity of the D-hydantoinase is closely linked with the oligomeric structure.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1207-1215
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• 2014

Candida albicans, the major human fungal pathogen, undergoes morphological transition from the budding yeast form to filamentous growth in response to nitrogen starvation. In this study, we identified a new function of GST2, whose expression was required for filamentous growth of C. albicans under nitrogen-limiting conditions. The Gst2p showed Gst activity and required response to oxidative stress. The ${\Delta}gst2$ mutant displayed predominantly yeast phase growth in low ammonium media. Such morphological defect of ${\Delta}gst2$ mutants was not rescued by overexpression of Mep2p, Cph1p, or Efg1p, but was rescued by either overexpression of a hyperactive $RAS1^{G13V}$ allele or through exogenous addition of cyclic AMP. In addition, the ${\Delta}gst2$ mutants had lower levels of RAS1 transcripts than wild-type cells under conditions of nitrogen starvation. These results were consistent with the Ras1-cAMP pathway as a possible downstream target of Gst2p. These findings suggest that Gst2p is a significant component of nitrogen starvation-induced filamentation in C. albicans.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.447-453
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• 2013

Osteoblastic activity of nectandrin A was examined in C2C12 cells. Nectandrin A enhances the BMP-induced osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization, manifested by the up-regulation of differentiation markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteogenic genes) and increased calcium contents. In C2C12 cells co-transfected with expression vector encoding Smad4 and Id1-Luc reporter, nectandrin A increased Id1 luciferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, when compared to that in BMP-2 treated cells, indicating that Smad signaling pathway is associated with nectandrin A-enhanced osteoblastic differentiation in C2C12 cells. In addition, nectandrin A activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in time- and concentration-dependent manners, and phosphorylated form of pSmad1/5/8 and alkaline phosphatase activity were both decreased when the cells were pretreated with SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, suggesting that p38 MAPK might be an upstream kinase for Smad signaling pathway. Taken together, nectandrin A enhances the BMP-induced osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization of C2C12 cells via activation of p38 MAPK-Smad signaling pathway, and it has a therapeutic potential for osteoporosis by promoting bone formation.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.361-376
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• 1989

Norepoine is N-methylated by the enzyme phenly ethanolamine N-metyltransferase(PNMT)to form epinephrine.this enzyme is larhly restructed to the adrenal medulla where epinephrine in mammalian brain where epinephrine function as a neurotransmitter.It seems clear that central epinephrine is involved in the regulation of cardiovacular function and in several forms of hypertension.However,information about the struture of mammalian epinephrine forming enzyme has been limited until now.But recently we isolate bovine and human PNMT cDNA clone using gtll expression library and sequcde total nucleotide composition.To obtain information about the structrue of the human and rat PNMT proteins and gones and to further define the extent of the evolutionary relationships among the PNMT molecules of these species human and rat genomic DNA clones to PNMT were sequentially isolated and characterized.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.34-71
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• 2002

Animation has been developed as a part of artistry, and maintained a correlation with other various genres such as art, film and music to bring changes in form and to seek new things. Recently, technological advancement also has supported digitalization of producing process with variety in its method. Basic unit of animation production is a frame. A set of frames which has an image of producer's intention comes to life as animation when constructed, connected and transformed. A producer usually goes through a series of trouble when deciding how to express one's intention in images. Framing in animation is a kind of visual information which reflects producer's visual perception. A producer does not simply characterize matters into geometrical figures or give circumstantial explanation, but does framing work that relies on expression. Artistic psychology based on Gestalt Theory does not concentrate on abstract artistic philosophy with conventional beauty as its center, but pursues ambiguity and coherence of formative arts to support on accepting systematic order. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find theoretical assistance which may be fundamental part in framing of animation. First, ten elements of Rudolf Arnheim centering on Gestalt Theory shall be redefined as concepts. Based on its ground, I will attempt to analyze shape-quality of framing of conventional animation, and make an approach with my personal experimental project. From this research project, I intend to analogize systematic aspect of framing in animation and to make framing of animation possible to assist in actual production of animation.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.243-252
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• 2011

Several mathematical relationships have been developed to describe bacterial responses to UV irradiation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was taken as a bacterial model. The results obtained showed that the kinetics of disinfection is far to be as uniform. In fact, application of the model of Chick-Watson in its original form or modification, taking into account the speed change during the disinfection process, has not significantly improved results. The application of both models of Collins-Selleck and Hom constitute a major opportunity to simulate goodly the kinetics of UV disinfection. The results obtained showed that despite the major advantage held by applying the Hom model in this process of disinfection and for all strains studied, the model of Collins-Selleck gave the best results for the description of the UV inactivation process. The design of reactors, operating in continuous disinfection system, requires taking into account the hydrodynamic behaviour of water in the reactor. Knowing that a reduction of 4-log is necessary in the case of wastewater reuse for irrigation, a model integrating the expression of disinfection kinetics and the hydrodynamics through the UV irradiation room was proposed. The results highlight the interest to develop reactors in series working as four perfectly mixed reactors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1020-1025
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• 2009

The five elements theory that people in the world objective theory is earned by a long-term observation. The key to the world and everything in the neck. The core content of this theroy is summed up in the world all things wood, fire, earth, gold, water-five material form. In the theory, the chracter's appearance, feature the five elements face is content. And the chracter's appearance, personality chracterisics and features of chracters and abstract nature of the mutual response plan which was formed way. Based on the number of world-famous cartoon chracter design analysis, special features and art theroy point the five elements the nature of man, who looks and chracter design by comparing the response of theroy and research and has the five elements. The analysis of theory and research the five elements art and people who find the nature of the systematic correlation to the future of animation, chracter design is applied.