• Title/Summary/Keyword: Explosives Waste

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Current Status and Prospects of Eco-friendly Disposal Processes for Waste Explosives (폐화약류의 친환경적 폐기처리 공정의 최근 현황 및 전망)

  • Tae Ho Kim;Deok Yeol Kim;Jong Min Kim
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2023
  • Waste explosives such as useless ammunition discharged from the military and coproduced useless explosives during the manufacturers production process have been continuously produced. These are difficult to dispose with normal waste treatment facilities due to the dangers of fire and explosion. An open burning or an open detonation at military designated disposal facilities is a classical treatment method for the dangerous explosives. The classical method raises various environmental problems by the emission of hazardous materials. An air pollution by the emission of hazardous gases such as SOx and NOx, soil and water contaminations by the accumulation of non-biodegradable heavy metals, are representative pollution examples. To overcome these problems, various processes for eco-friendly waste treatment methods have been developed, and some processes have already been operated in some countries. In the current report, various eco-friendly disposal processes for waste explosives or harmful materials, and their advantages and disadvantages are documented to suggest future development directions for reducing the hazardous substances by the treatment processes.

Rock Cavern for Radioactive Waste Disposal and Underground Research (방사성폐기물 동굴처분과 지하시험시설)

  • Kang Byong Mu
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.19-30
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    • 1991
  • The trend of Radio active waste disposal project is generally to choose The Rock Cavern type because it is the most safest and easy to get concent from The neighbor hood. On the Construction of rock Cavern for R -A. W.0 has to take care follows ; The first of all, to survey rock crack formation. 2nd, The Movement of Underground water. 3rd, Nuclear and Geochemical problems. 4th, to examine physical feature of rocks ets.

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Study on the Fire Cause Analysis for Explosives Waste by Thermal Analysis Experiment (열분석 실험에 의한 화약류 폐기물의 화재원인분석에 관한 연구)

  • Koh, Jae-Sun
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.89-100
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    • 2018
  • when the explosive wastes to be treated as designated wastes are brought into the wastes treatment plant by mistake and lead to an explosion in the wastes disposal process, many people and property damage are involved. Waste should be treated properly. As mentioned in this paper, ignition reac- tion tests of ignitable re-burning of explosives packing material waste (solid butadiene) confirmed that ignition was easily occurred, and that even small ignition sources were easily ignited and burned quickly and explosively. In particular, when explosives are loaded into incineration wastes in large quantities and mixed with organic compound wastes, such as fire and explosion accidents caused by explosives packing materials at waste disposal sites, flammable and oxidative gases are generated due to mutual oxidation and pyrolysis It is confirmed that there is a possibility that ignition sources such as spark ignite and instantaneously lead to explosion. It is hoped that this study will be a small reference for on - site detection in the field of fire, and it is expected that the fire - fighting agency will be recognized as a fire investigation agency and will contribute to the improvement of the credibility.

A Study on Environmental Pollution Issues in Fireworks Display (불꽃놀이의 환경오염 측면에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Myung-Seog;Lee, Jin-Ho;Shin, Chang-Young
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2008
  • Fireworks display is called as younwha in korean, pokjuk in chinese, hanabi in japanese and fireworks display in English. Fireworks is a kind of art calling as engineering art program that presents its artistic sense by making up light, sound, heat, form, smoke, smoke screen, time delay and kinetic energy etc. which are made by combustion and deflagrations of explosives. Korea's fireworks skill is world class. In 1980s, we already developed the skills. After 2010 year, It would develop as Nano-biotechnology considering its environmental safety passing by 1990s' grow fully step. After pleasant fireworks, it requires a environmental pollution control measure, ability of emergency state control, management of storing place, a blind shell and waste disposal and citizenship elevation etc. This paper indicated around fireworks the present conditions, environmental pollution buzz, direction of development and plan.

Development of Micro-Blast Type Scabbling Technology for Contaminated Concrete Structure in Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning

  • Lee, Kyungho;Chung, Sewon;Park, Kihyun;Park, SeongHee
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.99-110
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    • 2022
  • In decommissioning a nuclear power plant, numerous concrete structures need to be demolished and decontaminated. Although concrete decontamination technologies have been developed globally, concrete cutting remains problematic due to the secondary waste production and dispersion risk from concrete scabbling. To minimize workers' radiation exposure and secondary waste in dismantling and decontaminating concrete structures, the following conceptual designs were developed. A micro-blast type scabbling technology using explosive materials and a multi-dimensional contamination measurement and artificial intelligence (AI) mapping technology capable of identifying the contamination status of concrete surfaces. Trials revealed that this technology has several merits, including nuclide identification of more than 5 nuclides, radioactivity measurement capability of 0.1-107 Bq·g-1, 1.5 kg robot weight for easy handling, 10 cm robot self-running capability, 100% detonator performance, decontamination factor (DF) of 100 and 8,000 cm2·hr-1 decontamination speed, better than that of TWI (7,500 cm2·hr-1). Hence, the micro-blast type scabbling technology is a suitable method for concrete decontamination. As the Korean explosives industry is well developed and robot and mapping systems are supported by government research and development, this scabbling technology can efficiently aid the Korean decommissioning industry.

Incineration for Demilitarization of Waste Cyclotol (회수 Cyclotol의 비군사화를 위한 소각공정)

  • Lee, Si-Hwang;Baek, Seung-Won;Moon, Il;Park, Jung-Su;Kim, Hyoun-Soo;Oh, Min
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.545-550
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    • 2016
  • Demilitarization involves the disposal and recovery of obsolete explosives or ammunition. Cyclotol has been used as a military explosive along with RDX and HMX. A limited number of processes exist for safe disposal due to their sensitivity to thermal shock. Rotary kilns are widely used for thermal decomposition in many countries due to cost effectiveness and simplicity compared with supercritical oxidation. Phase change as well as condensed phase reactions(CPRs) and gas phase reactions(GPRs) with rates described by the Arrhenius equation of cyclotol has been considered in this work. Changes in gas fraction, reaction rate and mass of explosives were predicted at 490, 505 and 575 K. A maximum temperature of 2062 K has been predicted within the reactor at an initial temperature of 575 K due to GPRs. From this research, Thermal decomposition in the rotary kiln is plausible for demilitarization.

Investigation of Excavation Disturbed Zone Around a Tunnel by Blasting (발파에 의한 터널주변 암반 손상대 발생 평가)

  • Kwon, Sang-Ki;Cho, Won-Jin
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.15-29
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    • 2007
  • In situ and laboratory tests were carried out for investigating the Excavation Disturbed Zone(EDZ) generated from blasting at the KAERI Underground Research Tunnel(KURT), which is for the researches related to High-level radioactive waste disposal program. It was found that the EDZ was generated more than In from the laboratory rock tests and in situ experiments. RQD of the rock mass within $0{\sim}2(m)$, where the blasting impact was significant, was 17% lower than in the deeper zones without a serious blasting impact. It was also estimated that the deformability of rock mass was reduced about 40% after the blasting.

Non-electric Detonator Initiation System Using Spark Trigger (스파크 트리거에 의한 비전기식 뇌관의 기폭 시스템)

  • Yu, Seon-Jin;Kang, Dae-Jin;Kim, Nam-Soo;Jang, Hyong-Doo;Yang, Hyung-Sik
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.48-52
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    • 2011
  • Non-electric detonator has been used in underground excavations because of its strong resistance against electric impacts. However, electric detonator is often used to initiate the non-electric detonator instead of using an exclusive non-electric blasting machine due to economical reason. Spark Trigger is introduced as a solution of unexpected explosive hazard from using an electric detonator as an initiator of non-electric system. Since Spark Trigger System does not need expensive tube and no plastic waste is left, this system is proved to be more economical and eco-friendly initiate system than the standard non-electric initiating system.

Numerical Study on the Crack-propagation Controlling in Blasting Using Notched Charge Hole (노치 장약공을 이용한 발파균열제어에 관한 수치해석적 연구)

  • Cho, Sang-Ho;Park, Seung-Hwan;Kim, Kwang-Yeom;Nakamura, Yuichi;Kaneko, Katsuhiko
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2008
  • Mechanical excavation techniques employing tunnel boring machines (TBM) and rock splitters have been proposed to minimize rock damage for tunnel and underground waste repository facilities. Such a mechanical excavation, however, is extremely expensive and not applicable in all cases. For these reasons, controlled blasting using notched charge holes have been suggested to achieve crack growth along specific directions and inhibit growth along other directions. This study introduces a dynamic fracture process analysis code to simulate fracture processes of rock which has a notched charge hole.

Measures to Reduce Mine Hazards Caused by Open- cut Mining of Limestone Mines (석회석광산에서 노천채굴에 따른 광해 발생을 감소시키기 위한 대책)

  • Won, Yeon-Ho;Ah, Jin-Man
    • Explosives and Blasting
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2006
  • Most of limestone mines in Korea have been developed by a open-cut mining method in consideration of a deposited condition of ore, ore recovery, safety, economic efficiency, etc.. But it has produced environmental problems such as dust flying, blasting noise & vibration, and spoil of farmlands due to slope failure of waste rock mass caused by access road construction, fragmentation & crush of rocks, blasting, transportation, and mineral processing. In this study, it has been suggested for measures to reduce mine hazards caused by open- cut mining of limestone nines.