• 한국가스학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2018

폭발위험장소의 구분은 인화성 물질을 취급하는 사업장에서 비용 및 안전 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 위험장소의 반경에 따라 전기기계 기구의 방폭기기 설치 여부가 결정되기 때문이다. 2017년 11월 6일부터 KS C IEC-60079-10-1:2015가 발행되어 새로운 기준으로 적용된다. 기존의 기준과 새로운 기준에 대한 차이를 이해하여 적용하는 것이 중요한 시점이다. 누출량 계산식에 누출계수 및 압축인자가 추가되었고 증발 풀 누출량 계산식, 누출공 크기 적용, 폭발위험장소의 모양이 추가 적용되었다. 안전계수 K값의 범위도 변경되었다. 또한 위험장소의 반경에는 기존기준은 가상체적에 환기횟수를 적용하였지만 개정기준은 누출 특성 값을 이용하여 산정된다. 본 연구에서는 환기 및 희석의 관점에서 기존 기준과의 차이점을 살펴보고 위험장소의 반경에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 기존 폭발위험장소를 선정한 기준과 개정기준을 기준으로 적용하여 비교 및 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 환기 및 희석이 잘 된다하더라도 실질적으로 위험반경에 영향이 없을 경우가 발생함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2019

The flammable liquid conductivity is an important factor in determining the generation of electrostatic in fire and explosion hazardous areas, so it is necessary to study the physical properties of flammable liquids. In particular, the relevant liquid conductivity in the process of handling flammable liquids in relation to the risk assessment and risk control in fire and explosion hazard areas, such as chemical plants, is classified as a main evaluation item according to the IEC standard, and it is necessary to have flammable liquid conductivity measuring devices and related data are required depending on the handling conditions of the material, such as temperature and mixing ratio for preventing the fire and explosion related to electrostatic. In addition, IEC 60079-32-2 [Explosive Atmospheres-Part 32-2 (Electrostatic hazards-Tests)] refers to the measuring device standard and the conductivity of a single substance. It was concluded that there is no measurement data according to the handling conditions such as mixing ratio of flammable liquid and temperature together with the use and measurement examples. We have developed the measurement reliability by improving the structure, material and measurement method of measuring device by referring to the IEC standard. We have developed a measurement device that is developed and manufactured by itself. The test results of flammable liquid conductivity measurement and the data of the NFPA 77 (Recommended Practice on Static Electricity) Annex B Table B.2 Static Electric Characteristic of Liquids were compared and verified by conducting the conductivity measurement of the flammable liquid handled in the fire and explosion hazardous place by using Measuring / Data Acquisition / Processing / PC Communication. It will contribute to the prevention of static electricity related disaster by taking preliminary measures for fire and explosion prevention by providing technical guidance for static electricity risk assessment and risk control through flammable liquid conductivity measurement experiment. In addition, based on the experimental results, it is possible to create a big data base by constructing electrostatic physical characteristic data of flammable liquids by process and material. Also, it is analyzed that it will contribute to the foundation composition for adding the specific information of conductivity of flammable liquid to the physical and chemical characteristics of MSDS.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Fire and explosion analysis are performed for the quantitative risk assessment on the LNG test plant. From the analysis for a case of fire due to large leakage of LNG from the tank, it is obtained that loss of lives can be occurred within the radius of 60 m from the fire origin. Specially, wind can extend the extent of damage. Because the LNG test plant is not enclosed, the explosion overpressure is less than 6 kPa and the explosion has little effect on the integrity of the LNG test plant.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

국내외의 가연성 또는 인화성물질을 취급하는 대형설비에서의 폭발위험장소에 대한 안전관리는 기업의 지속가능경영과 신뢰를 바탕으로 한 지역사회와의 공존에 있어 매우 중요하다. 폭발위험장소의 안전관리는 크게 가연성 또는 인화성 물질의 누출을 제어하는 시스템과 이러한 가연성 또는 인화성물질이 누출되어 폭발분위기를 형성할 때 점화원을 제어함으로써 화재 또는 폭발사고로 전이되지 않도록 하는 방폭시스템이 있다. 제도와 기술로 인해 전기적 점화원에 대한 방폭설비는 상당히 보급되어 관리되고 있다. 하지만 열적 점화원의 경우, 위험성에 대한 인식과 관련 기술개발이 미흡하다. 본 연구는 잠재적 폭발위험장소에서 내연기관의 점화 위험을 보고하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 문헌조사를 통하여 관련 국제표준과 사고사례 및 위험분석보고서를 연구하고, 국내 중부권 공정안전관리제도 대상 사업장의 디젤엔진의 불꽃방지기 등 안전장치 적용실태를 조사하였다. 실제적으로 본 연구결과를 석유화학 산업에 적용함에 있어, 디젤엔진과 같은 내연기관 점화원의 위험인식을 통해 잠재적 폭발위험장소에서의 폭발방지에 대한 안전관리방안으로 활용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2003

For the unconfined vapor cloud explosion(UVCE) accident by the continuous release of gas-liquid flow of various saturated liquids in a vessel at ground level, overpressures were estimated by TNT equivalency model with two estimation methods, such as UVCE I model based on a constant release time and UVCEII model based on a real travel time of vapor by dispersion and analyzed with various release conditions. As a simulation result the simple, easy, and correct method of evaluation of consequences of the UVCE accident was proposed by using consequences of UVCE I model and correlation equations for differences of overpressures between UVCE models, so that this evaluation method could be used easily in the small and medium size enterprises without using the dispersion model.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2000

This study was executed by dust explosion experiment of terephthalic acid which was widely used for various purposes of food packing material and film etc. and the demand was rapidly increasing. The particle size and concentration of dust affected the minimum ignition energy largely and the lean concentration and the minimum ignition energy in the range of this study were obtained 50$g/m^3$ and 19mJ respectively. Minimum ignition energy was shown at the 4 and 5mm gap distance of discharge electrode, and when the gap distance was below 2mm the explosion could not generated although the sufficient energy was given. It was also found that the ignition energy decreased linearly with the decreasing of dust mean particle size.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.81-95
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• 2010

Gas turbines generating power operate in high temperature condition and use natural gas as fuel. For that reason, there are many cases where damage is done to the hot gas parts caused by the high temperature and many accidents occur like gas explosions, then various efforts are needed to maintain the hot gas parts and prevent accidents. It is difficult to find the root causes of damage to the hot gas parts from the gas explosion caused by gas leakage through rotor cooling air line from fuel gas heat exchanger during the shut down. To prevent gas turbine from damage, removal of gas leakage inside of gas turbine is required by purging the turbine before firing, improving the fuel gas heating system and installing alarm systems for detecting gas leakage from stop valve to turbine while the gas turbine has shut down.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1995

To evaluate readily the effect of unconfined vapor cloud explosion(UVCE) having high possibility of accident and risk in chemical industries, the expert system of UVCE was developed and its applicability on a real accident was analyzed. We found that the hazard of UVCE could be well evaluated from the TNT equivalency model and the empirical loss data produced by overpressure for chemical facilities. By using the developed expert system, the size of vapor cloud, the quantity of vaporization, the released energy, the overpressure range from explosion point, and the impact damage of each installation could be estimated respectively. Also, probable maximum loss and catastrophic loss potential for real accident( cyclohexane release in Flixborough Nypro company) were estimated and compared with damages of the accident. As a result, the developed expert system could be well applicable to real accident.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제11권2호통권35호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

용기누출로 인한 가스 폭발사고의 영향을 분석하기 위해 API-581 절차에서 제시된 누출 시나리오를 사용하여 누출물질, 온도, 압력 및 용기의 종류 등을 변화시키면서 누출속도, 장치피해영역 및 상해영역을 산출하였다. 그 결과, 용기누출에서 누출속도, 장치피해영역 및 상해영역은 배관누출에서보다 상당히 큰 값을 가지며, 그 크기는 탱크>반응기>드럼>탑의 순서로 나타났다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

The registration rate of eco-friendly vehicles, such as hydrogen vehicles, is increasing rapidly, however, few first responders have experienced related accidents. Accident scenarios at hydrogen refueling stations and hydrogen vehicles on a road were investigated, and the relative importance of each scenario was analyzed using AHP analysis. Leakage, jet flame, and explosion that occurred inside and outside the hydrogen refueling station were reviewed, and the hydrogen gas explosion in the compartment showed the highest importance value. In case of the hydrogen vehicle, traffic accident statistics and actual accidents were used. It was analyzed that the hydrogen vessel explosion on the road due to the failure of TPRD and the leakage in the underground parking area were difficult to respond. The developed accident scenarios are expected to be used for first responder training.