• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.111-125
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• 1997

This study was done in order to investigate Oriental Medicine's meaning on stress, the stress is due to animal experiments.Methods:This research was done by animal experiments's results based on 41 animal experiment treatises carried out by 24 prescriptions about stress control. Each experiments were compared with same conditions, minimizing the experiments differences. The results were analyzed by p-value and Increas e·Decrease percentage of experiments result's numerical value. Results:1. Inquire into frequency in use of each stress stimulus and measuring items, the restriction stimulus stress and measuring the content of catecholamines are numerous.2. Significance of stress stimuluses based on experments's results is good by restriction stimulus.3. Oriental Medicine's meaning for stress is pathological phenomenon of Seven Emotion(七情). Stagnant the Energy(氣鬱), the Fire(火), Dam(痰), Lack of the general Blood thing(血虛), and reaction of an individual body.4. Inguire into the effects of frequency in use of experiments's Herb drugs, Herb Drugs of Tonifing the general Blood thing depend on stabilized Mind(補血安神), Circulated the Energy and Digest(理氣消導), Tonifing the general Blood thing(補血), Clearing the Mind(淸心), Removing the Dam(祛痰) are numerous.5. From a Sasang Medical point of view, experimental use of Herb Drugs are Soeum-in(少陰人) Herb Drugs are numerous.According to above results, it is considered that Herb Drugs of Tonifing the general Blood thing depend on stabilized Mind(補血安神), Circulated the Energy and Digest(理氣消導), Tonifing the general Blood thing(補血), Clearing the Mind(淸心), Removing the Dam(祛淡), and Soeum-in(少陰人) Herb Drugs are used to prevent stress and related diseases.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 교과서에 제시된 ‘철과 황의 혼합물과 화합물 성질 비교 실험'의 문제점을 분석하고 개선책을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 9학년 과학 교과서에 제시된 실험 방법을 분석하고, 교과서에 제시된 실험 방법에 따라 중학교 과학을 담당하고 있는 40명의 현직 교사에게 실험을 수행하게 한 후 문제점을 분석하였다. 자극적인 기체 발생으로 인한 거부감, 자성 비교를 이용한 혼합물과 화합물의 구별 실패 등의 문제점이 개선된 개선 실험과 대안실험을 제시하였다. 제안된 2가지 실험을 10명의 현직 화학 교사와 S중학교 3학년 60명에게 적용한 결과, 제안된 실험은 혼합물과 화합물의 특성 비교에 적합하며 개념 이해에 도움이 된다고 응답하였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.388-402
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• 2003

In this paper, we carried out the word, 4 continuous digits. continuous, and task-independent word recognition experiments to verify the effectiveness of the re-defined phoneme-likely units (PLUs) for the phonetic decision tree based HM-Net (Hidden Markov Network) context-dependent (CD) acoustic modeling in Korean appropriately. In case of the 48 PLUs, the phonemes /ㅂ/, /ㄷ/, /ㄱ/ are separated by initial sound, medial vowel, final consonant, and the consonants /ㄹ/, /ㅈ/, /ㅎ/ are also separated by initial sound, final consonant according to the position of syllable, word, and sentence, respectively. In this paper. therefore, we re-define the 39 PLUs by unifying the one phoneme in the separated initial sound, medial vowel, and final consonant of the 48 PLUs to construct the CD acoustic models effectively. Through the experimental results using the re-defined 39 PLUs, in word recognition experiments with the context-independent (CI) acoustic models, the 48 PLUs has an average of 7.06%, higher recognition accuracy than the 39 PLUs used. But in the speaker-independent word recognition experiments with the CD acoustic models, the 39 PLUs has an average of 0.61% better recognition accuracy than the 48 PLUs used. In the 4 continuous digits recognition experiments with the liaison phenomena. the 39 PLUs has also an average of 6.55% higher recognition accuracy. And then, in continuous speech recognition experiments, the 39 PLUs has an average of 15.08% better recognition accuracy than the 48 PLUs used too. Finally, though the 48, 39 PLUs have the lower recognition accuracy, the 39 PLUs has an average of 1.17% higher recognition characteristic than the 48 PLUs used in the task-independent word recognition experiments according to the unknown contextual factor. Through the above experiments, we verified the effectiveness of the re-defined 39 PLUs compared to the 48PLUs to construct the CD acoustic models in this paper.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2008

Transport of Escherichia coli ATCC 11105 through porous media was investigated in this study using two sets of column experiments to quantify the attachment-related parameters (sticking efficiency, attachment rate coefficient and filter factor). The first set of experiments was performed in quartz sand under different ionic strength conditions (1, 20, 100, 200 mM) while the second experiments were carried out in quartz sand mixed with metal oxyhydroxide-coated sand (0, 5, 10, 25%). The breakthrough curves of bacteria were obtained by monitoring effluent, and then bacterial mass recovery and attachment-related parameters were quantified from these curves. The first experiments showed that the mass recoveries were in the range of 13.3 to 64.7%, decreasing with increasing ionic strength. In the second experiments, the mass recoveries were in the range of 15.0 to 43.4%, decreasing with increasing coated sand content. The analysis indicated that the sticking efficiency, attachment rate coefficient and filter factor increased with increasing ionic strength and coated sand content. The value of filter factor in the first experiments ranged from 1.45 e-2 to 6.72 e-2 1/cm while in the second experiments it ranged from 2.78 e-2 to 6.32 e-2 1/cm. Our filter factor values are one order of magnitude lower than those from other studies. This discrepancy can be attributed to the size of sand used in the experiment. The analysis demonstrated that the travel distance of bacteria estimated using the filter factor can be varied greatly depending on the solution chemistry and charge heterogeneity of porous media.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2009

Purpose: We use the centrifugation of refrigeration state in separation of blood serum, Anti-ds-DNA, Vitamin $B_{12}$/Folate and GAD-Ab assay. However, Cortisol urine and 25-Hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ ($25OHD_3$) are conducted centrifuge at room temperature. This is troublesome that change centrifugation temperature into room temperature due to using of most assays at cold temperature. Therefore when using centrifuge after extraction of Cortisol urine and $25OHD_3$, we conducted researches on effect of the centrifugation temperature in assay results. Materials and Methods: In Cortisol urine, add dichloromethane 1.0 mL in urine $500\;{\mu}L$, mix for 15 minutes, and then centrifuge for 8 minutes at 2600rpm. In $25OHD_3$ add acetonitrile 0.5 mL in serum $200\;{\mu}L$, and then centrifuge for 8 minutes at 2600rpm. Those experiments were conducted centrifuge at room temperature and $4^{\circ}C$. And experiments conducted immediately after centrifugation at $4^{\circ}C$ and standing for 20 minutes after centrifugation $4^{\circ}C$. Results: In Cortisol urine, room temperature result in 1.93, 2.18, 2.43, 9.45, 14.2 (${\mu}g/dL$). Experiments of performing immediately after centrifuge at $4^{\circ}C$ result in 1.8, 2.0, 2.3, 8.1, 13.7 (${\mu}g/dL$). Experiments of performing after 20 minutes result in 2.1, 2.1, 2.7, 9.95, 14.35 (${\mu}g/dL$). On the other hand, the $25OHD_3$ tests conducted at room temperature result in 7.13, 26.6, 35.8, 48.2, 74.8 (ng/dL). Experiments were conducted immediately by pipetting after $4^{\circ}C$ centrifugation result in 7.53, 30.9, 40.3, 61.5, 89.1 (ng/dL) as results are higher than experiments at room temperature. The experiments that conducted centrifuge at $4^{\circ}C$ and then left at room temperature for 20 minutes result in 7.40, 32.4, 41.3, 51.6, 85.6 (ng/dL). Conclusions: Experiments were conducted by using centrifuge at $4^{\circ}C$ are higher or lower than room temperature. The differences between results of standing for 20 minutes after centrifuge at $4^{\circ}C$ and those of centrifuge at room temperature are less than conducting immediately. It is concerned that experiments conducted immediately after centrifuge at $4^{\circ}C$ are incorrect, because tubes become dim due to temperature differences between $4^{\circ}C$ and room temperature. Therefore, it is desirable to centrifuge at room temperature as manual and we should pipet promptly without stopping.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2009

하이브리드 구조실험에서는 구조물을 여러 개의 부분구조물로 나누어서 실험과 해석을 하고 이의 결과를 합쳐서 전체적인 구조물의 거동을 파악한다. 이러한 방법은 진동대 실험과 비교하여 구조물의 크기제한의 영향을 받지 않는 유사동적 실험에 효과적이다. 하이브리드 구조실험과정에서 발생된 데이터와 관련 정보를 저장하고 검색할 수 있는 컴퓨터시스템을 만들기 위해서는 하이브리드 구조실험과 관련된 정보를 체계화시켜서 구성하는 작업이 선행되어야 한다. 본 논문은 하이브리드 구조실험에 관련된 정보를 표현하는 데이터 모델을 제시하고 있는데, 이 데이터 모델은 포괄적인 구조실험 정보를 표현하는 데이터 모델의 하나인 리하이 모델에서 하이브리드 실험부분을 개선한 것이다. 하이브리드 구조실험에서의 부분구조물들을 표현하기 위하여 실험모델 클래스와 해석모델 클래스를 정의하였고, 이러한 클래스들의 정보교환을 조정하는 클래스를 정의하였으며, 제한된 범위의 시스템을 구현하여 객체들 간의 연결 상태를 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문에서 기술한 데이터 모델은 구조실험자와 연구자들이 사용할 수 있는 하이브리드 구조실험 정보를 저장하는 컴퓨터 시스템을 개발하는데 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국암반공학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.130-139
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• 2007

We have carried out numerical compression experiments to estimate the mechanical properties (Mohr-Coulomb and elastic) of corestone-bearing saprolites in Beolgyo area. The studied saprolite, consisting of mechanically much stronger corestone and weaker matrix, is a weathering product of the Precambrian granitic gneiss in the Youngnam massif. Since the saprolite consists of larger corestones with diameter up to 2m, it is impossible to directly measure the mechanical properties by physical experiments. We have measured the mechanical properties of corestone and matrix from naturally occurring saprolite and have used them as a reference for our numerical model. Then, we mixed each material and carried out biaxial compression tests while varying the volume percentage of corestones from 0 to 57%. We found that both cohesion and internal friction angle increase with the volume percentage of corestones while elastic modulus remains constant. We found the results from numerical experiments are in contradiction to what is known from physical experiments using artificial saprolites. This may be due to a possibility that the sharp and discrete nature of interface between corestone and matrix in physical experiments differs from the gradual interfacial nature in numerical modelling and natural saprolites.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.723-731
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• 1992

Two similar experiments were designed to evaluate the interaction of dietary CP and ME levels on the production performance parameters at the age between 155 and 300 days in Starcross layers. In both experiments, the feed intake and mortality decreased but the egg weight, body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency increased as the dietary CP and ME levels increased. The CP intake was highest CP and lowest ME levels. With the increasing CP and decreasing ME levels, the ME intake decreased significantly (Experiments 1 & 2). The $CP{\times}ME$ interactions were significant only on mean egg weight and egg production in Experiment 2. In both the experiments, the CP levels were positively correlated with CP intake, egg weight, body weight gain and egg production and negative correlation with feed intake, mortality percentage and ME intake. The ME levels showed negative correlation with feed intake, protein intake, mortality percentages and positive correlation with all other parameters in both experiments. The highest values were noted for all the parameters (except mortality percentages) in Experiment 1 than that recorded in Experiment 2.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to research the effects of students' evaluation results on teachers' teaching activities. The subjects were 431 elementary school students of 4th, 5th and 6th grade, and 14 teachers of 7 schools located in Seoul, Cheongju, and Daejeon city. The experimental design included pre and post-tests with the control group. Our results found that most of the students had positive thoughts towards science classes. In particular, activities where the teachers provided support in the conduct of experiments and the learning atmosphere generally were evaluated higher than other activities. However, unrestricted experiments were evaluated lower by the students. The feedback from the students' evaluation results of their teachers affected the teachers' teaching activities statistically. The teachers' support during experiments, unrestricted activity during experiments, and evaluation activities were changed positively following the students' feedback. However, the loaming atmosphere and unrestricted activity during experiments were observed to change negatively when the teachers were not given the students' feedback.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.404-413
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• 2000

Environmental chamber (EC) is an experimental facility used to analyze the characteristics of thermal response of testing objects by the artificial control of weather conditions. The EC in KIER can simulate the weather conditions by the control of temperature, humidity, and solar radiation. A two-storied testing building is located inside of EC. For the exact thermal response analysis of testing building, monthly or yearly scheduled operations are necessary. Although this long term operation gives the exact experimental data, it requires a high operational cost, long duration, and lots of manpower. Therefore it is necessary to perform the shortened experiments without sacrificing the validity of the obtained results. Since the characteristics of thermal response from the shortened experiments are different from the full time results, the analytical method to analyze the thermal response from the shortened experiments to estimate a full times results is developed in this study. The thermal response of testing building is performed using commercial software TRNSYS.