• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.22-38
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• 1998

This study was to investigate the hepatoprotective and anticirrhotic effects of Ganyeumilhobang(GIE) on the acute and chronic liver injury induced by various agents. Chronic liver injury induced by dimethylnitrosamine(DMN) ; a new experimental model for cirrhosis and the intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine in the rat. Acute liver njury induced by carbon tetrachloride$(CCl_4)$ and D-galactosamine ; a experimental model for acute liver injury, the administration of $CCl_4$ and the intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine in the rat. The development of fibrosis and acute liver injury by the three prescriptions were examined by the chemical analysis of AST, ALT, prothrombin time and hydroxyproline. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The increasing level of hydroxyproline volume induced by DMN in mice was decreased by the oral administration of GIB. 2. The degree of histological fibrosis and hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration induced by $CCl_4$ decreased by the oral administration of GIB. 3. The increase of senun AST and ALT of mice with acute liver damage induced by $CCl_4$ and D-galactosamine was inhibited by the administration of GIB. 4. The prolongation of prothrombin time(seconds) of mice acute liver damage induced by $CCl_4$ was shortened by the oral administration of GIB. 5. The liver of mice was hepatectomized partial1y after the oral administration of GIB. The mitotic index(% of nuclei), weight of liver, contents of protein, RNA and DNA synthesis of the liver tissue were increased by the oral administration of GIB.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2001

Ascites is commonly caused by portal vein pressure accentuation or peritoneal disease. Also, the use of diuretic and ascitic puncture have been the mainstays of ascites treatment. Objective : Experimental studies were done to research the effects of herbal medication on diseases with ascites (ex. liver cirrhosis, peritoneal carcinoma) on two patients. Methods : For measuring the response about the ascites, we observed this clinical symptoms : weight, abdominal circumference (umbilical circumference, upper abdominal circumference), and lab finding. Result : In both cases, clinical symptoms and ascites improved with herbal medication. Second, abdominal circumference decreased. Third, there was no electrolyte imbalance. Conclusion : This test shows that herbal medication has a strong effect on decreasing the intractable ascites.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 1996

In order to develop a suitable secondary renal disease model and diagnostic markers of renal disease in the rat, the change of PIIIP (aminoterminal procollagen III peptide) in serum and hydroxyproline levels in the renal tissue that reflect the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) during development of experimental renal diseases were observed. Two types of experimental primary diseases, diabetes mellitus administrated by streptozotocin (STZ, 75 mg/kg, i.p.) and liver cirrhosis produced by bile duct ligation/scission (BDL/s) operation, were induced. The hydroxyproline level increased according to the high PIIIP and NCl(carboxyterminal procollagen IV peptide) in Western blot analysis as early as 1 week in the STZ treated-rat kidney. Increased renal ECM was observed at 15 weeks in STZ and BDL/s model under the microscopic examination. High PAS positive reaction was found in capillary basement membrane in STZ treated-rats and mesangium in BDL/s operated rats at this time, showing the histological characteristics of diabetic nephropathy and cirrhotic glomerulonephritis in human, respectively. Such secondary renal failure were supported by additional tests including urinalysis and renal function test. The serum PIIIP detected by ELISA was a useful parameter to estimate synthesis rate of renal ECM during development of renal disease without extrarenal fibrosis i.e. liver cirrhosis in rats. This study is proposed that STZ treatment or BDL/s operation may be a suitable experimental animal model for the induction and development of chronic secondary renal diseases. Morover, it was found that hydroxyproline level in renal tissues was a good parameter of the change of renal ECM at the early stage of the diseases without apparent histological changes. Especially, serum PIIIP could be a choice as a diagnostic or prognostic marker during the development of renal diseases in rats.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2012

Human placenta extract (hPE) has therapeutic potential against certain diseases such as burn injury, liver cirrhosis and chronic wound through stimulating tissue repair processes. However, the effects of hPE on liver regeneration in animals are unknown. This study investigated the effect of hPE on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) during liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. The activities of AST, ALT and ALP increased during a few days after PH. A high level of ALP was particularly seen at day 3 in the control group. All the levels of experimental groups were normalized by day 5 after PH. On immunohistochemistry, the expression of PCNA increased at the early days, showed a peak at day 3 after PH. The PCNA staining was more obvious in the experimental group over the whole period. By western blotting, PCNA seemed to be more strongly expressed in the hPE injected group in the early stage and fell to almost undetectable levels at day 7. On immunocytochemical observations, the number of PCNA-gold particles in the nuclei at day 1 of the hPE treated groups was more than those of the untreated groups. The results suggest that hPE could accelerate liver regeneration induced by PH involving the expression of PCNA in rats.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2011

This study was designed to determine the effects of larval extracts from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis shade dried larva from Korea and China on liver tissues of hepatic injury groups. The experimental groups are divided into five groups; Normal, carbon tetrachloride single injection ($CCl_4$), Pb-CHI ($CCl_4$ + P. brevitarsis shade dried larva from China), Pb-KOR ($CCl_4$ + P. brevitarsis shade dried larva from Korea) and SIL ($CCl_4$ + 0.35% silymarin) groups. Sprague Dawley rats were oral injected with $CCl_4$ at a dose l mg/kg (20% in corn oil) for induction of liver damage for 4 weeks. Each experimental group was fed with a dose 50 mg/kg of larval extracts based on medicinal preparations from 3 weeks to 4 weeks after $CCl_4$ treatment. At the end of 4 weeks, we evaluated the serum levels of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transferase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum and the cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$) (TNF-${\alpha}$) and transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) in the cells isolated from spleen and liver. The histological analysis was also conducted. The $CCl_4$ injection reduced body weight, induced congestion of middle lobe and hepatocytic degeneration, resulting in disintegration of hepatic cords, and increased biochemical markers of blood related to hepatic injury. On the other hand, the Pb-CHI and Pb-KOR group decreased the levels of biochemical markers in blood and cytokine levels in spleen and liver. Especially, the Pb-KOR group facilitated the recovery of biochemical values of blood related to hepatic injury, hepatic lesions and fibrosis. Taken together, larval extract from P. brevitarsis might prevent acute hepatotoxicity and enhance the recovery of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis induced by $CCl_4$, and the ingredients could be a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of hepatic disorders.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.411-429
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• 1997

Recent survey shows that chronic liver disease such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatoma is the third leading causes for death in Korea. In oriental medicine, viral hepatitis is related to Hwangdal(黃疸) and alcoholic liver disease is related to Joosang(酒傷). ARTEMISIAE HERBA and PUERARIAE RADIX have long been used in treating those symptoms. This study was done to evaluate the effect of AR1EMISIAE HERBA and PUERARIAE RADIX on viral and alcoholic hepatitis. ARTEMISIAE HERBA and PUERARIAE RADIX were decocted respectively with water and followed by vaccum evaporation. The solution was diluted to adequate concentration. Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this experiment. Each group was given PUERARIAE RADIX or ARTEMISIAE HERBA solution orally and CCl4, d-galactosamine or alcohol was given orally 30 minutes later. After 24 hours of starvation, blood samples were taken to check serum GOT, GPT, LDH and ALP activities, TC, TG, glucose and BUN levels. These results show that ARTEMISIAE HERBA has better effect on liver injury induced by d-Galactosamine than PUERARIAE RADIX and that both ARTEMISIAE HERBA and PUERARlAE RADIX have good effect on acute alcoholic liver disease while in the liver injury induced by $CCl_{4}$, PUERARIAE RADIX has better inhibitory effect on serum AST, ALT and ALP levels and ARTEMISIAE HERBA has better inhibitory effect on serum total cholesterol and triglyceride. And the result that high concentration group has better effect shows these effects are concentration-dependent. Further study on the mechanism of these herbs is still required.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1525-1531
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• 2008

Acer tegmentosum Max which is one of the specialized wildness medicinal herbs in gangwon province, has been widely used for hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatic cancer, leukemia, diabetes mellitus, renal necrosis and edema, etc. In this study, the antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of in vitro and in vivo were investigated in order to evaluate the possibility as hepatoprotective agents. Oral administration of methanol and butanol extact of Acer tegmentosum Max to d-galactosamine (D-GaIN) induced experimental liver injured rats was significantly reduced activities of marker enzymes(AST, ALT) and LDH activity in serum. Salidroside(Sal) isolated from the BuOH extract of Acer termentosum Max potenty showed the scavenzing effect on DPPH and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. And significantly decrcease of MDA level in liver and activities of SOD GSH-Px and catalase were significantly improved by the treatment of Sal. Results of this study revealed that Sal could afford a significant protection in the alleviation of D-GaIN-induced hepatocellular injury.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.520-526
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• 2019

본 실험은 건강기능식품의 원료로 이용되고 있는 식품들을 혼합하여 열수 추출한 추출물(시료추출물, MSE)이 간 손상의 예방 및 치료와 관련된 건강기능성 영양식품으로서의 활용 가능성을 확인하고자 사염화탄소에 의한 랫드의 간 손상을 간경화 수준의 60%로 유발시켜 추출 물질의 투여에 따른 간 질환 개선에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 혼합수추출물(MSE)의 용량은 군별 다르게 투여 하여(0.50ml, 0.75ml), 간 손상된 랫드에 미치는 생리활성 기능과 생화학적 기능 및 분자생물학적 TGF-${\beta}$, P53을 측정하여 혼합추출물의 투여 후 기능 변화를 분석 하였다. 실험은 정상군, 대조군, 양성대조군, 실험군1, 실험군2 군으로 하여 군당 6마리씩 총 30마리를 이용하였고, 지정된 용량으로 1일 1회 일정한 시간대에 주 6회씩 6주간 적용 후 처치하였으며, 실험 결과는 정상군과 양성대조군에 비하여 대조군에서는 통계적으로 유의성 있게 높았으며, 실험군(1, 2) 에서는 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의성 있게 낮아졌으며, 정상군과 양성대조군 비교에서도 실험군과 유사한 결과가 나타났다. 실험군(1, 2) 간 비교에서 유의한 차이는 일부 있었으나 유의성 있는 많은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 실험결과를 종합해 보면 기능성 식품으로 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단되고 생리활성 변동과 간 분자생물학적 발현 정도를 동일 분야연구에 활용이 될 것으로 사료 된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.480-498
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• 1997

간경변(肝硬變)은 간장손상(肝腸損傷)을 주로 나타내는 만성(慢性) 전신성(全身性) 질환(疾患)이다. 이것은 각종 병인(病因)이 지속적(持續的) 또는 반복적(反復的)으로 간조직(肝組織)에 작용하여 간세포(肝細胞)의 변성(變成) 괴사(壞死) 섬유성(纖維性) 조직(組織) 증식(增殖) 등의 병리변화(病理變化)를 일으켜 결국 간조직(肝組織)의 정상구조(正常構造)가 변하여 간(肝)의 형태이상(形態異常)과 경화(硬化)를 유발하는 것이다. 한의학(韓醫學)에서는 간경변(肝硬變)의 단계에 따라 표현이 다른데 협통(脇痛), 복창(腹脹), 황달(黃疸), 적취(積聚), 창(脹), 단복창(單腹脹), 수(水), 석수(石水), 간수(肝水)의 범주(範疇)에 해당된다. 울증(鬱症)은 정지부서(情志不舒), 기기울결(氣機鬱結)로 울체(鬱滯)하고 발월(發越)하지 못하여 발생하는 병증(病症)으로, 기울(氣鬱)은 기체혈어성(氣滯血瘀性) 병변(病變)인 적취(積聚)의 전단계(前段階)로 설명되고, 간경변(肝硬變)의 초기상태(初期狀態)에서 나타나는 증상(症狀)들과 유사하다고 볼 수 있으므로, 본(本) 연구(硏究)에 사용된 목향조기산(木香調氣散)과 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)은 기울(氣鬱)에 적용되는 처방(處方)으로서 초기(初期) 간경변(肝硬變)의 섬유화(纖維化) 진행억제(進行抑制)에도 유효할 것으로 사료(思料)된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 담도결찰술(膽道結紮術) 및 Dimethylnitrosamine으로 만성간염(慢性肝炎) 및 간경변증(肝硬變症)을 유발한 후 목향조기산(木香調氣散)과 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)을 투여한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 담도결찰(膽道結紮)로 인한 혈청(血淸) total bilirubin과 direct bilirubin의 상승은 목향조기산(木香調氣散)과 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)의 투여로 모두 억제되는 효과를 보였으며 두 처방(處方)간의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 2. 담도결찰(膽道結紮)로 인한 혈청(血淸) AST의 상승은 목향조기산(木香調氣散)과 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)을 투여한 두 실험군(實驗群) 모두에서 억제되는 양상을 보였으며, 목향조기산(木香調氣散)을 투여한 실험군(實驗群)에서 억제되는 보다 나았으나 그 차이는 크지 않았다. 3. 담도결찰(膽道結紮)로 인한 血淸 ALT의 상승은 목향조기산(木香調氣散)과 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)을 투여한 두 실험군(實驗群) 모두에서 억제되는 양상을 보였으며, 목향조기산(木香調氣散)의 억제효과가 해울조위탕(解鬱調胃湯)보다는 유의성이 인정되었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2003

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Injinchunggantang on hepatic sclerosis induced by $CCl_4$. Methods : Weight, liver function test and complete blood cell count, gross findings, and findings on liver tissue of the past(Hematoxylin & Eosin stain, Masson-Trichrome stain) were studied. Results : When it comes to the change of rats' body weight, The $CCl_{4^+}$Injinchunggantang group lost far less weight than The $CCl_{4^-}$only group. In the liver function test, which is focused on various areas such as total cholesterol, alkaline phosphotase, albumin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, The $CCl_{4^+}$Injinchunggantang group was much more closer to normal limit than the $CCl_4$ only group. In the complete blood cell count, including white blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrite, platelet, The $CCl_{4^+}$Injinchunggantang group significantly closer to normal limit than $CCl_{4^-}$only group. In the gross findings of hepatic fibrosis models, Injinchunggantang showed inhibitory effect on hepatic fibrosis in the order. In the past findings of hepatic fibrosis models in Hematoxylin & Eosin, Masson-Trichrome staining, the liver in $CCl_{4^-}$only group showed atrophy and necrotic change with white nodules, whereas that of $CCl_{4^+}$Injinchunggantang group showed lesser significant change with the well_preserved tone of the tissue. In the extent of the inhibition of the hepatic fibrosis, the Injinchunggantang group showed statistically significant inhibitory effect(p<0.05) in the sclerosis model. Conclusions : These results show that Injinchunggantang have inhibitory effect on hepatic sclerosis induced by $CCl_4$ and further ultimately prevent liver cirrhosis. To obtain more credible results in this experiment, the invention of a new experimental model more similar to human hepatic sclerosis is still needed.