• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 1993

A study was conducted to compare the effect of feeding commercial formula ration and corn-soybean meal based rations on growth performance, feed conversion ratio, mortality percentage, dressing percentage, carcass composition and economics of raising broiler chicks at commercial farms. 3000 day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 250 birds in each. Four iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric rations (A, B, C and D) were prepared and randomly allotted to each group. Ration A was a commercial broiler ration whereas ration B had the same formula with the exception that all the animal protein sources were replaced with soybean meal (SBM). Ration C was based on only corn and SBM. Ration D contained corn, SBM and 25% fullfat soybean (FFSB). The birds were given the experimental rations starter from day 1 to 28 and finisher from 29 to 49. The results indicated that the birds fed on corn-soybean meal based rations gained significantly figher weights showed better feed conversion ratio, gave higher dressing percentage with better carcass composition, lower mortality and higher net profits as compared to those fed on commercial ration. The replacement of animal protein sources in commercial ration with SBM (ration B) although did not show any significant differences in the performance of birds as compared to ration A, a little improvement was visible indicating that SBM can be used as a good substitute of animal protein sources. Similarly the replacement of SBM with FFSB up to a level of 25% did not affect the broiler performance as compared to only SBM.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2020

Objective : This study is accomplished in order to investigate the effect of banggibongnyeongtang on the immunohistological change in LPS-induced depression rats to confirm the histological result of the previous behavioral and biochemical effect. Methods : LPS 5 ㎍ was injected to lateral ventricle and experimental groups were administered BBT intraperitoneally. The concentration of 5-HT in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Striatum, Hippocampus, Amygdala was measured by ELISA. IL-1β, TNF-α mRNA and BDNF mRNA expression in the hippocampus was examined by RT-PCR. Result : BBT enhanced 5-HT concentration at all part of brain but no significantly difference at medial prefrontal cortex and striatum. LPS+BBT400 group increased 5-HT concentration significantly than LPS group at hippocampus and amygdala (p<0.05). BBT decreased IL-1β mRNA expression dose dependently but only with significantly decrease in LPS+BBT400 group than LPS group's in Hippocampus (p<0.05). But BBT did not decrease TNF-α mRNA expression significantly in Hippocampus. BBT increased the expression of BDNF mRNA at hippocampus and LPS+BBT400 group significantly increased comparing with LPS group does (p<0.05). Conclusion : It is postulated that the anti-depressant effect of BBT can be validated through the anti-inflammatory effect, 5-HT concentration increase, and the neuro-protective effect mediated by BDNF by combining the results of the previous report about the behavioral and biochemical effect.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-lipogenic effect of Sobuncheong-eum on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in free fatty acid induced cellular model. Methods : HepG2 cells were treated with palmitate for 24h to overload intracellular triglyceride (TG) content in the presence or absence of Sobuncheong-eum extract. After palmitate treatment, Intracellular TG content was measured with TG assay kit. Several lipogenesis related markers, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1c (SREBP-1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS), were assessed using Western-blot analyses and RT-PCR. Results : Palmitate markedly increased intracellular TG in HepG2 cells, and which were alleviated by coadministered Sobuncheong-eum extract. Sobuncheong-eum extract activated AMPK, which plays a key role in reducing hepatic lipid accumulation, and reduced lipogenic fators, SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS. Conclusions : Taken together, it is conceivable that Sobuncheong-eum has an potential to alleviate steatosis, and which may be mediated by activating AMPK at least in part.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.43-55
• /
• 2011

수학적 탐구 학습은 학생들로 하여금 흥미로운 문제를 적극적으로 탐구함으로써 수학적 내용을 학습할 수 있고 탐구하는 과정에서 창의성이 계발될 수도 있다. 탐구 활동이 창의성을 개발시킬 수 있다는 점은, 학생들이 어떤 완성된 형태로서 수학을 암기하고 수학문제를 해결하는 것이 아니라, 수학 과제를 탐구하는 과정에서 창의적인 아이디어가 산출될 수 있다는 것이다. 이러한 점에서 수학 학습 활동에 있어서 수학적 탐구의 과정이 반드시 필요하다고 본다. 평행사변형의 넓이 공식을 도입할 때, 탐구의 과정으로 지도한다는 의미는 직사각형의 넓이 공식을 이미 알고 있기 때문에 평행사변형을 직사각형으로 어떻게 만들 것인가 하는 탐구의 과정을 반드시 거쳐야 한다는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 탐구 학습을 통한 넓이의 지도가 넓이에 관한 수학성취도에 어떤 효과를 미치는지를 알아 보고 넓이 공식의 기억과 유도 과정에 영향을 주는지를 실험연구를 통하여 분석하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.1039-1045
• /
• 2005

In order to evaluate the in vivo synergic effect of Eunkyo-san which was a traditional poly-herbal formula has been used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in Korea, with quinolone antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), the viable bacterial number and histopathological changes were monitored after experimental respiratory infection with S. pneumoniae ATCC 6303. The obtained results were as follows: In CPFX groups, the viable bacterial numbers were significantly decreased compared to that of control group and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Eunkyo-san. In control group, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of alveolar linings were demonstrated at microscopical levels. However, these abnormal histopathological changes were significantly decreased compared to that of control group in CPFX groups, and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Eunkyo-san. In CPFX groups, the LSA (luminal surface of alveoli $\%$) were significantly increased compared to that of control group and these were more dramatically decreased compared to that of single treatment with CPFX, respectively in concomitant treated groups with Eunkyo-san. According to these results, it is considered as the in vivo antibacterial activity of CPFX was dramatically increased by concomitant use of Eunkyo-san against S. pneumoniae ATCC 6303 infection of respiratory tract.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a pipe type soil sampler that can easily collect soil cross section servey and soil samples to conduct ecological environment surveys while minimizing ecological disturbance in the area subject to soil survey. Furthermore, this study develop the exponential type estimation specific weight formula (ESWF) that uses pipe type soil sampler to easily carry out soil cross section survey and soil sample while estimating the specific weight of the area using water content and soil sample length variation ratio (SLVRs) and to obtain apparent specific gravity, hardness, and max. porosity which are used as growth of corps and ecological environment index. The calibration results of ESWF showed a high degree of significance, with NSE for actual specific weight (γ₀) and calibration estimation specific weight (γ_ec) 0.95, R² for 0.954, and RMSE for 0.051. The verification results of ESWF showed a high significance, with NSE for actual specific weight (γ₀) and verification estimation specific weight (γ_ev) 0.881, R² for 0.978, and RMSE for 0.055.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.289-317
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to reseach the effect of Daesihotang and its component groups on diabetes, free radical and antioxidative defense system in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental group was divided into three groups: Daesihotang (DS), Soyangyak (DS1), Yangmyungyak (DS2). The results were obtained as follows: The level of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, creatinine in serum were considerablely reduced by Daesihotang. And the level of HDL cholesterol, albumin, total protein in serum were increased by Daesihotang significantly. And the level of BUN has some decreased, but with no significancy. In the study of Daesihotang on free radical scavenging effect in vitro, it has shown that Daesihotang and its components group have significant suppressing effect on peroxidation of linoleic acid on concentration. And in other experiments as scavenging effect of DPPH radical, inhibitory effect of superoxide in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation reaction by hydroxy radical in $H_2O_2-Fe^{2+}$ system, Daesihatang have some activity, but with no significancy. In the study of Daesihotang on antioxidative defense system in vivo, the activity of GOT and GPT in serum were significantly increased; and the amounts of lipid peroxide in serum was reduced significantly but in liver no significancy. In hepatic catalase activity, Daesihotang has showed significant effect. In the level of hepatic glutathione, Daesihotang increased the amount of glutathione significantly. And in the activity of glutathione-s-transferase, Daesihotang has decreasing effect but has no significancy. These result suggest that Daesihotang has strong effect on diabetes and it is useful to prevent diabetes, but has less effect on peroxidative damage by free radical.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.273-288
• /
• 2001

Objectives : In order to study the effect of oral administration of Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang against the asthma. Method : Asthma was induced to Balb/c mouse with ovalbumin by using method of Hatfield et al. It was observed the changes numbers and morphology of the mast cells in the trachea, numbers of mucous secretory cell in the bronchus, morphology of the bronchus, ultramicroscopical appearance of surface of trachea and number of cilia and mucous secretory cells by scanning electron microscope. Result : 1. Degranulation and decreasing of the numbers of mast cells were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. 2. Hypertrophy of mucous membrane of bronchus In the lung, infiltration of inflammatory cells, increasing of mucous secretory cells in the bronchus were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. 3. Shedding, decreasing of cilia cells and increasing of mucous secretory cells in the surface of the trachea were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. Conclusion : It is considered that Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang has somewhat favorable effects on the asthma because the asthma specific series of abnormalities in respiratory system were decreased after oral administration of Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang in this study. In future, it is needed that the toxicological and dosage specific study of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang to use against bronchial asthma with safe.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.251-271
• /
• 2001

In order to investigate the effect of the oral administration of Guirokyisun-Hwan on the estrogen-deficiency osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in the rats, serum osteocalcin, estradiol, progesterone, follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH), calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) levels were monitored. And body weight changes were also monitored throughout whole experimental periods. The results were as follows : 1. Body weight of Control and Treatment group was significantly increased from 6 weeks after ovariectomy but after 2 days of drug administration, body weight of Treatment group were significantly (p<0.01 or 0.05) decreased compared with those of Control group. 2. Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in control groups compared with those of Sham group but significantly (p<0.01) decreased in the Treatment group. 3. Serum estradiol levels were significantly (p<0.01) decreased in control groups compared with those of Sham group but significantly (p<0.01) increased in the Treatment group. 4. Serum progesterone levels were significantly (p<0.01) decreased in control groups compared with those of Sham group but significantly (p<0.01) decreased in the Treatment groups. 5. Serum FSH levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in control groups compared with those of Sham group but significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the Treatment group. 6. Serum Ca levels were significantly (p<0.01) decreased in control groups compared with those of Sham group but significantly (p<0.01) increased in the Treatment group. 7. Serum P levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in control groups compared with those of Sham group and Treatment group. No significant was detected between Control group and Treatment group. According to these results, it is considered that the oral administration of Guirokyisun-Hwan have favorable effect on treatment and prevention of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in rats.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.159-188
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to reseach the effect of Daehwanggamchoeumja(大黃甘草飮子) and its component groups on diabetes, free radicals, and antioxidants system in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental group was divided into three groups: Daehwanggamchoeumja(DG), and its components groups, Gamdutang (Gamcho&Daedu; DG-I) and Daehwanggamchotang(DG-2). The results were obtained as follows: 1. In the study of effect on diabetic metabolic dysfunction(Glucose, Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, Total Protein, Albumin, Creatine, BUN), only DG has a significant effect. 2. In the study on free radical scavenging effect in vitro(the suppressing effect on peroxidation of linoleic acid on concentration, the scavenging effect of DPPH radical, inhibitory effect of superoxide in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation reaction by hydroxy radical in $H_2O_2Fe^{2-}$system, and the effect on Nitrate reductase activity), DG and DG-2 have more effect than DG-l relatively. 3. In the study on antioxidants system in vivo(The level of serum LPO, The level of hepatic LPO, Catalase, GSH, GST), only DG has a significant effect. These results suggest that Daehwanggamchoeumja(大黃甘草飮子) has an effect on diabetes, peroxidative damage by free radical, so it seems to be useful to prevent and treat diabetes. The mechanisms of these are supposed to be involved in antioxidant and three drugs' cooperative synergy effect.