• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.215-244
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to examine the three anomalies phenomena that appear in the initial public offerings(IPOs) market. Of them, the first anomaly is that the new issues are underpriced in the short-run. Secondly, the hot issue market phenomenon appears. Thirdly, in the long-run, the initial public offerings of equities are overpriced. These phenomena have been documented by Inany studies using the us stock market data. In particular, we will investigate whether these three anomalies also appear in the UK new issues market. Firstly, the underpricing phenomenon of initial public offerings in the short-run will be examined. Then the long-run performance of new issues will be examined using cross-sectional and time-series analysis. Finally, we will briefly examine the existence of the hot issue market in the uk IPOs market.

• Journal of Daesoon Thought and the Religions of East Asia
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.115-132
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• 2022

Caodaism officially came into existence in 1926 in Southern Vietnam and soon became a spiritual phenomenon, in the sense of spiritual and social influence. Despite being sandwiched between political forces and ruling governments, Caodaism steadily grew far beyond its national boundary. After 95 years, Caodaism eventually reached Taiwan when a new small Cao Đài Congregation, approved by top Cao Đài Dignitaries in Vietnam, was established in Zhongli District, Taoyuan City by a group identifying as 'Vietnamese New Immigrants' in Taiwan. This article traced this religious organization's doctrine, philosophy, prophecy and relevant socio-cultural factors and found that (1) Caodaists see the successful spreading of Caodaism to Taiwan as having been prophesied long ago; (2) Caodaists believe that any human efforts by Cao Đài missionaries to spread Caodaism overseas without approval from Divinities could end up in failure; and (3) the similarities in social, cultural, and religious practices between the peoples of Vietnam and Taiwan lay a strong foundation for Caodaism to further develop in Taiwan.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.342-355
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• 2014

Organizational dedication to corporate social responsibility (CSR) is set off by a number of driving forces, such as enhancing corporate financial performance, concern for the environment, regulatory compliance, and social equity. This article aims to ascertain the uptake of CSR among firms in the Philippines and Thailand leading to the attainment of sustainable development. The results revealed that CSR is carried out by the companies primarily to enhance their competitive advantage and legal compliance, which are deemed essential to the firms' existence. This study seeks to contribute to understanding how companies undertake their operations based on socially responsible practices so that the theoretical conceptualizations of sustainability can be developed. By determining what prods companies to pursue CSR, it will shed light on the mechanism that promotes the existence of sustainable organizations, linking it with CSR and the companies' objectives and strategies.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1081-1085
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• 2005

This study is carried out for obtaining the basic materials for presentation of creation and desirable management of urban roadside trees through analyse the existence effect of trees on people who operate th commercial areas along the streets. Roadside tree and green areas are recognized comfort space in addition to simple planting area. Therefore various trees and flowering plants should be introduced in addition to roadside facilities for convenience. Planted roadside trees should be maintained. We will propose an method that residents plant and manage the trees and flowering plants on the two lane of one way road. However main lines more than four lane of one way have more public property beside the residents space. Therefore these should be maintained mainly by related government agencies.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.539-553
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• 2011

We study the solvability of a perturbed quadratic functional-integral equation of fractional order with linear modification of the argument. This equation is considered in the Banach space of real functions defined, bounded and continuous on an unbounded interval. Moreover, we will obtain some asymptotic characterization of solutions.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.383-392
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• 2013

Taguchi method is a technique widely used in industries to attain a reliable quality even under existence of various noise variables. Basically, it relies on the interactions between the controllable and the noise factors. Under insignificant interactions between the design parameters and noises, the effectiveness of Taguchi methodology will be doubtful. Furthermore, existence of strong interactions among controllable factors may undermine the power of Taguchi approach. An abundant crop may be expected by a well planned Taguchi approach. A well designed set of experiments is one of the important prerequisites for its successful result. For this, we must have a clear understanding on strengths and weaknesses of Taguchi methodology together with a sound knowledge on the applicable system. This study provides some insights on Taguchi approach based on two case examples of one successful and the other unsuccessful. Eventually, this research aims to facilitate deeper understanding and right application of Taguchi methodology in industries.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.705-714
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• 2012

In this paper, we study nonlinear equation arising in MEMS modeling electrostatic actuation. We will prove the local and global existence of solutions of the generalized parabolic MEMS equation. We present that there exists a constant ${\lambda}^*$ such that the associated stationary problem has a solution for any ${\lambda}$ < ${\lambda}^*$ and no solution for any ${\lambda}$ > ${\lambda}^*$. We show that when ${\lambda}$ < ${\lambda}^*$ the global solution converges to its unique maximal steady-state as $t{\rightarrow}{\infty}$. We also obtain the condition for the existence of a touchdown time $T{\leq}{\infty}$ for the dynamical solution. Furthermore, there exists $p_0$ > 1, as a function of $p$, the pull-in voltage ${\lambda}^*(p)$ is strictly decreasing with respect to 1 < $p$ < $p_0$, and increasing with respect to $p$ > $p_0$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.737-748
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• 2012

The goal of this paper is to study the existence of non-trivial non-negative weak solution for the nonlinear elliptic equation: $$-div(h(x){\nabla}u)=f(x,u)\;in\;{\Omega}$$ with Dirichlet boundary condition in a bounded domain ${\Omega}{\subset}\mathbb{R}^N$, $N{\geq}3$, where $h(x){\in}L^1_{loc}({\Omega})$, $f(x,s)$ has asymptotically linear behavior. The solutions will be obtained in a subspace of the space $H^1_0({\Omega})$ and the proofs rely essentially on a variation of the mountain pass theorem in [12].

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.111-114
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• 2008

The existence of noise bands may deform the typical shape of the spectrum, making the accuracy of clustering degraded. This paper proposes a statistical approach to remove noise bands in hyperspectral data using the correlation coefficient of bands as an indicator. Considering each band as a random variable, two adjacent signal bands in hyperspectral data are highly correlative. On the contrary, existence of a noise band will produce a low correlation. For clustering, the unsupervised ${\kappa}$-nearest neighbor clustering method is implemented in accordance with three well-accepted spectral matching measures, namely ED, SAM and SID. Furthermore, this paper proposes a hierarchical scheme of combining those measures. Finally, a separability assessment based on the between-class and the within-class scatter matrices is followed to evaluate the applicability of the proposed noise band removal method. Also, the paper brings out a comparison for spectral matching measures.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 1993

The purpose of this research Is to suggest the main cause related to the apartment residents satisfaction on the interior landscape, especially, the difference of the interest degrees in the interior landscape according to the existence of the constructed interior landscape space, the interior landscape place, and the present condition of the interior landscape, and find out there lationship among them. As a result, the necessary data far the desirable derection of the apartment interior landscape will be presented. Generally, it appeared that the residents had much interests in interior it interior landscape but a poor knowledge and little experience, and that the amount invested was insufficient. There was much discontentment among the residents with the whole interior landscape. The residents didn;s expert much effect of the constructed interior landscape because there was little difference in the general matters according to the existence of the constructed interior landscape, the interest degrees in the interior landscape, the interior landscape place, and the present condition of the interior landscape.