• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.75-82
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• 2002

The effects of intake mixture temperature on performance and exhaust emissions under four kinds of engine loads were experimentally investigated by using a four-cycle four-cylinder, swirl chamber type, water-cooled diesel engine with scrubber EGR system operating at three kinds of engine speeds. The purpose of this study is to develop the scrubber exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) control system for reducing $NO_x$ and soot emissions simultaneously in diesel engines. The EGR system is used to reduce NOx emissions. And a novel diesel soot-removal device with a cylinder-type scrubber which has five water injection nozzles is specially designed and manufactured to reduce soot contents in the recirculated exhaust gas to the intake system of the engine. The influences of cooled EGR and water injection, however, would be included within those of scrubber EGR system. In order to study the effect of intake mixture temperature, a intake mixture heating device which has five heating coils is made of a steel drum. It is found that the specific fuel consumption rate is considerably elevated by the increase of intake mixture temperature, and that NOx emissions are markedly decreased as EGR rates are increased and intake mixture temperature is dropped, while soot emissions are increased with increasing EGR rates and intake mixture temperature.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.967-972
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• 2013

질소산화물 저감에 큰 효과가 있는 MILD 연소는 고온의 배기가스가 연소로내에 유입되는 양에 따라 질소산화물 저감 특성이 많은 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 동심원관 형태의 MILD 연소로에서 바깥 원통의 배기가스 통로에서부터 안쪽 원통의 연소통로 사이에 연결관을 설치하고 배기가스를 유입하기 위해 coanda 노즐을 사용하였다. 이러한 coanda 노즐의 기하학적 형상 변화에 따라 고압공기 유량, 배기가스 유입량 특성을 수치해석을 통해 살펴봄으로써 최적의 coanda 노즐 형상을 도출하는 것을 본 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구의 전산 해석의 결과는 conada 노즐의 노즐 통로 간격이 0.5 mm, 노즐 각도 $4^{\circ}$, 노즐 확관 길이 146 mm일 때 최적의 유입량비가 되었고 노즐 통로 수직 길이는 유입량비에 무관하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

본 연구는 폐기물 소각로에서 질소산화물 저감을 위해 고온의 배기가스를 연소로에서 재순환하여 연소용 공기와 혼합하여 배기가스 재순환을 이용한 방법에서 고온의 배기가스를 별도의 동력 팬이 없이 코안다 노즐을 이용한 배기가스 재순환 장치에 관한 연구이다. 코안다 노즐에서 공기 공급 노즐 간극의 변화와 공기 공급 노즐의 위치에 따른 배기가스 재순환 유량 특성과 혼합 가스의 출구에서 평균온도 변화를 살펴보았다. 공기 공급 노즐의 간극이 3.22, 4.03, 4.84 mm로 변할 때 가장 좁은 3.22 mm일 때가 배기가스 재순환 유량과 공기 공급 유량의 비인 배기가스 재순환 유량비가 2.227로 가장 재순환 유량이 크게 나타났고 혼합가스 평균 온도는 $594.8^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 공기 공급 노즐의 위치가 코안다 노즐 목의 전방 위치, 목 위치, 확관 위치로 변할 때를 살펴보았으며 전방 위치와 목 위치일 때는 재순환 유량비가 1.843으로 거의 같은 값이고 확관 위치에서는 1.696으로 나타났으며 평균 온도는 $559.8^{\circ}C$와 $544.3^{\circ}C$로 나타났다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2007

[ $CH_4/air$ ] 예혼합화염에서 EGR 성능개선을 위한 RG의 첨가효과에 대한 수치적 연구가 수행되었다. 일반적으로 EGR은 화염온도 및 NOx 저감을 위해 사용되어지는 반면, RG는 연소속도와 같은 화염안정성 개선을 위해 사용되어질 수 있다. 본 연구는 이들 두 첨가제가 연소특성에 미치는 경쟁적인 효과에 초점이 맞추어졌다. 결론으로서, 적절한 EGR 및 RG 첨가율의 조절은 낮은 NOx 배출의 달성과 동시에 순수 $CH_4/air$ 예혼합화염과 동일한 화염 안정성을 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

Understanding the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler fouling in diesel engine is important factor in the durability characteristic of a EGR system. We develope a test rig and PM feeder using carbon black to examine the effect of fouling on EGR cooler devices those were consisted of flat and shell & tube type. The EGR cooler fouling process is a complex interaction involving heat exchanger shape, boundary condition, constitutes, chemistry and operating mode. As the soot deposited to EGR cooler, these formed a thin deposit layer that was less heat exchange than the fresh status of tube enclosing the exhaust gas, resulting in lower heat exchange effectiveness in both type coolers. But these deposits caused different results in pressure drop, it is increased in flat type, but decreased in Shell & tube type of EGR cooler. A cause was estimated from a change of the flow structure and a decrease of contact area as the EGR cooler fouling.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.554-559
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• 2008

Most of vehicle manufacturers have applied exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system to the development of diesel engines in order to obtain the high thermal efficiency without $NO_X$ and Particulate Matter (PM) emitted from the engine. EGR system, which reflow a cooled exhaust gas from vehicles burning diesel as fuel to a combustion chamber of engine, has been used to solve this problem. In order to confirm the safety of the EGR system, finite element analysis was carried out. The safety of EGR system against temperature variation in the shell and tubes was evaluated through the thermal and structural analysis, and the modal analysis using ANSYS was also performed. Finally, the performance of EGR system was verified through the experiment and numerical simulation using effectiveness-NTU method. Program for the estimation of the heat exchange efficiency of the EGR system with regard to the dimpled tube shape was developed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.182-189
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• 2014

This paper proposes a decoupler design method to reduce interaction between exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) systems in passenger car diesel engines. The EGR valve and VGT vane are respectively used to control air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) of exhaust gas and intake pressure. A plant model for EGR and VGT systems is defined by a first order transfer function plus time-delay model, and the loop interaction between these systems is analyzed using a relative normalized gain array (RNGA) method. In order to deal with the loop interaction, a design method for simplified decoupler is applied to this study. Feedback control algorithms for AFR and intake pressure are composed of a compensator using PID control method and a prefilter. The proposed decoupler is evaluated through engine experiment, and the results successfully showed that the loop interaction between EGR and VGT systems can be reduced by using the proposed decoupler. Furthermore, it presents stable performance even off from the designed operating point.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1588-1598
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• 2001

The effects of recirculated exhaust gas on the characteristics of NOx and soot emissions under a wide range of engine loads were experimentally investigated by using a four-cycle, four-cylinder, sw irl chamber type, water-cooled diesel engine operating at three engine speeds. The purpose of this study was to develop the EGR-control system for reducing NOx and soot emissions simultaneously in diesel engines. The EGR system is used to reduce NOx emissions, and a novel diesel soot removal device with a cylinder-type scrubber for the experiment system was specially designed and manufactured to reduce soot contents in the recirculated exhaust gas to the intake system of the engine. The experiments were performed at the fixed fuel injection timing of 4$^{\circ}$ ATDC regardless of experimental conditions. It was found that soot emissions in exhaust gases were reduced by 20 to 70% when the scrubber was applied in the range of the experimental conditions, and that NOx emissions decreased markedly, especially at higher loads, while soot emissions increased owing to the decrease in intake and exhaust oxygen concentrations, and the increase in equivalence ratio as the EGR rate is elevated.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4302-4307
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• 2011

최근에 연비향상을 위해 다양한 기술들이 개발 중에 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 배기열 재순환장치의 열교환 성능을 평가한 후 최적 성능의 모델을 제안하는데 있다. 이 장치는 버려지는 배기열을 이용하여 가능한 한 빠르게 엔진 냉각수를 웜업 시키도록 설계하였다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 CFD를 이용하여 냉각수의 흐름 방향과 냉각수의 유입 유출 위치에 따른 열유동 특성을 분석하고, 열교환 효율을 상승시키기 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 그 결과 냉각수 유량이 적고, 배기가스와 냉각수의 유로를 각각 구성하여 배기가스의 열이 직접적으로 냉각수에 영향을 미치는 구조가 가장 열교환 효율이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2008

EGR(exhaust gas recirculation) is an attractive means of improving the fuel economy of spark ignition engines, as it offers the benefits of charge dilution (lower pumping and cooling losses) while allowing stoichiometric fuelling to be retained for applications using the three-way catalysts. However, the occurrence of excessive cyclic variation with high EGR normally prevents substantial fuel economy improvements from being achieved in practice. Therefore, the optimum EGR rate in Gasoline-Hybrid engine should be carefully determined in order to achieve low fuel consumption and low exhaust emission. In this study, 2 liters gasoline engine with E-EGR system was used to investigate the effects of EGR on fuel economy, combustion stability, engine performance and exhaust emissions. EGR tolerance with load variation was found to be more sensitive than with rpm variation. With optimal EGR rates, the fuel consumption was improved by 5.5% while a combustion stability was guaranteed.