• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.251-264
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences and the relationship between basic psychological needs and exercise addiction and to identify effects of To do this, the data were collected using the self-evaluating questionnaires on the exercise addiction, the of basic psychological needs, and the subjective were distributed to 305 participants in general exercise enthusiast for all, and the collected data. This study used the SPSS Statistics 18.0 program to process data. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for validity and Cronbach's α was performed for reliability. In addition, Frequency Analysis was carried out to analyze the demographic characteristics and Pearson's Correlation Analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis Analysis were performed to verify the correlations and differences among variables. The significance level in this research was set at=.05 and the followings α are derived outcomes. The following is the comprehensive finding of the effect of general exercise enthusiast exercise addiction through basic psychological needs. First, there was no significant difference in basic psychological need and Exercise Addiction of general characteristics, but participation in 6 days was the highest in exercise amount per week. Second, Basic Psychological Need(autonomy, competition, relatedness) showed a high difference in Exercise Addiction(withdrawal symptoms, exercise need, emotional attachment). Third, correlation analysis between all variables showed statistically significant difference. Fourth, Basic Psychological Need(autonomy, competition) was found to have a high effect on Exercise Addiction(withdrawal symptoms, exercise need, emotional attachment).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise on body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin. Methods : The study was conducted on 24 elderly women divided into two groups: 12 subjects in an exercise group and 12 subjects in a control group. Resistance exercise was performed for 50 minutes a day, three times a week, for the duration of 12 weeks, and body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin were measured before and after the subjects completed the program. For the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) of each variable were calculated using SPSS version 20, and a paired t-test and two-way repeated ANOVA were conducted to test for the differences before and after the resistance exercise. All significant levels were set to α=.05 as a result of the experiment. Results : Changes in body composition after the 12-week resistance exercise program did not show any significant difference based on the comparison between the groups, but when noting the values for body fat percentage and body in the control group before and after, a significant difference was shown in fat mass (p<.05). As for changes in physical fitness, significant differences appeared in flexibility, muscle strength, and stenotic force (p<.01) when the groups were compared. Regarding pre- and post-values within each group concerning flexibility within the exercise group, significant differences were shown in gender (p<.001), muscle strength (p<.05), (p<.01), muscle earth strength, equilibrium (p<.01), stenosis force, and cardiopulmonary earth force (p<.001). Also, comparisons between populations in changes in blood lipids the values before and after in each group, significant differences in glucose (p<.05) and insulin (p<.05) were shown in the exercise group. When comparing the values before and after in each population, a significant difference was shown in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : When all the results were integrated, the 12-week resistance exercise program was found to enhance physical strength (flexibility, muscle strength, and coordination) and improve the blood sugar levels of elderly women. In particular, resistance exercise is believed to lower the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic diseases by having a positive effect on insulin. Further studies are suggested to verify the effect on body composition and blood lipids by setting up a variety of exercise treatment methods (including subjects, exercise periods, exercise plans, and exercise intensity focuses).

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.245-256
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determined the converge effects of combined exercise rehabilitation on lower limb muscular function and cytokines in taekwondo player with patellofemoral pain syndrome. In this study, combined exercise rehabilitation(aquatic exercise 3 times a week, resistance exercise 2 times a week) was performed and 20 collegiate taekwondo player with patellofemoral pain syndrome(control group: n=10, combined exercise rehabilitation group: n=10) were participated for 8 weeks. Statistical significance verification was carried out by a two - way ANOVA repeated measures design as a mixture using the SPSS 18.0 program. The statistically significant level was set at 0.05. The results of this study were as following. Peak torque was higher significantly in extensor(p<.001) and flexor(p<.01) at $60^{\circ}/sec$ in the combined exercise rehabilitation group than the control group over combined exercise treatment period. Average power was higher significantly in extensor muscles at $180^{\circ}/sec$ in the combined exercise rehabilitation group than the control group over combined exercise treatment period.(p<.01). The variable of TNF-a was higher significantly in the combined exercise rehabilitation group than the control group as over combined exercise treatment period. Therefore, it can be concluded that a combined exercise rehabilitation program is effective in improving the lower limb muscular function and TNF-a in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome patient.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.254-260
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to survey the effects of Karvonen exercise prescription in coronary artery disease patients reaching age-predicted maximal heart rates with the exercise stress test on hemodynamic responses and cardiorespiratory fitness. The subject group was comprised of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, who were divided into the maximal heart rate (MHR) group that included those who completed the test with their heart rates reaching the number of 220-age and the maximal dyspnea (MD) group that included those who could not continue the test due to respiratory difficulty and were asked to stop the test. Both groups had the exercise stress test before and after the experiment. In the exercise stress test before the experiment, the exercise prescription intensity of Karvonen was set at the target heart rates of 50~85% with a six-week exercise monitoring arrangement. As a result, there were no interactive effects in rest heart rate (RHR) according to time and group, but interactive effects were observed in maximal heart rate (MHR) (P=0.000). Both rest systolic blood pressure (RSBP) and rest diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) had no interactive effects according to time and group. Maximal systolic blood pressure (MSBP) showed significant interactive effects according to time and group (P=0.017). Maximal diastolic blood pressure (MDBP) showed no interactive effects according to time and group, while maximal rate pressure product (MRPP) showed significant interactive effects according to time and group (P=0.003). Maximal time (MT) had no interactive effects according to time and group. $VO_{2max}$ and maximal metabolic equivalent (MMET) showed significant interactive effects according to time and group (P=0.000, P=0.002, respectively), whereas maximal respiratory exchange ratio (MRER) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (MRPE) showed no interactive effects according to time and group. The exercise test that was discontinued as the subjects reached the predicted maximal heart rates considering age did not reach the maximal exercise intensity and accordingly showed low exercise effects when applied to Karvonen exercise prescription intensity. That is, the test should keep going by monitoring cardiac events, MRER and MRPE until the heart rates exceed the predicted MHR by up to 10~12 even after the subject reaches the predicted MHR considering age in the exercise stress test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the activity of the abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle during short foot exercise (SFE) using foot orthosis (SFE-FO) and the windlass effect (SFO-WE) while sitting and in a one-leg standing position. METHODS: We recruited fourteen subjects with normal feet for this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure the muscle activity of the AbdH muscle during SFE, SFE-FO, and SFE-WE while sitting and in a one-leg standing position. Three trials consisting of a 5 s hold for each of the three exercises were performed to measure the EMG activity of the AbdH muscle. Exercise type and position were randomly assigned. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of exercise type (SFE vs. SFE-FO vs. SFE-WE) and position (sitting vs. one-leg standing position) on AbdH muscle activity. A statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. RESULTS: The EMG activity of AbdH muscle in the SFE-WE exercise was significantly greater than that during SFE and SFE-FO in both exercise positions (p<.001). In addition, the EMG activity of the AbdH muscle in the one-leg standing position was significantly higher than that while sitting (p<.001) during all three exercises. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SFE-WE is a more effective strengthening exercise than SFE or SFE-FO for activating the AbdH muscle.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.121-129
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• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of verifying the effectiveness of the duocock exercise, which is being utilized at the newly developed site to promote balance maintenance, basic physical strength and muscle strength among various age groups, in order to prevent fall and successfully age. Method: In this study, we conducted the duocock Exercise Program for 12 weeks (twice a week for an hour) for 10 senior citizens aged 65 or older (68.8±4.76 yrs, height: 15±6.00 cm) using Western-based health institutions in Daejeon, and compared the pre- and post- effects on basic physical strength and posture balance. All the data obtained from this study were used in statistical program SPSS 24 to perform paired t-test. The significance level for all statistical analyses was set at the level of p<0.05. Results: The 12 week duocock program showed statistically significant improvements in lower extremity muscle strength, equilibrium, agility, balance, and coordination in the basic fitness factors underlying successful aging (p<0.05). In addition, the trunk imbalance, which acts as a factor of falls and body balance, was statistically significant (p<0.05) and the posture balance of the sagittal plane also showed the effect of proper body adjustment. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, duocock provides a new exercise program in the form of a sustainable sport as a two-handed exercise, and is very effective for the elderly to improve their basic physical strength as well as to control postural imbalances, strengthen and increase muscle strength.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to compare core muscle activities with and without the use of Pilates resistive equipment during bridging exercises and to investigate the efficacy of a Pilates device. Fourteen healthy individuals (6 males, 8 females) between 20 to 26 years of age were examined. They were engaged in a bridging exercise with and without a magic circle. Three consecutive repetitions of each exercise were performed. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to measure the electrical activities of the right side internal oblique, the adductor longus, the multifidus, and the gluteus maximus muscles. Normalized EMG activities were compared using a paired t-test and the level of significance was set at =.05. The results showed that the EMG activities of the internal oblique (p=.0078), the adductor longus (p=.0007), and the gluteus maximus (p=.0001) muscles were significantly higher when using the magic circle during the Pilates bridging exercise. Also, statistically significant change existed in the multifidus muscle (p=.0106). The bridging exercise, combined with hip adduction using the magic circle, may enhance core stabilization. Therefore, using a magic circle during hip adduction combined with bridging exercise may be recommended usefully for individuals wanting to strength the core muscles. Further research is needed to access the nature of motor control of the Pilates mat exercises and to deliver exercise intervention for lower back pain patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2018

PURPOSE: We aimed to study the effect of head-lift exercise on the neck strength and swallowing function in patients with stroke. METHODS: Our study included 20 patients with stroke hemiparesis. All patients were randomly allocated to either the head-lift exercise or the conventional swallowing therapy group, and each group included 10 patients. All patients underwent the exercise over a mean period of 30 min daily for 6 weeks. Neck strength and swallowing function were assessed prior to and 6 weeks following the training period. We used a paired t-test to compare the within-group change before and after the intervention. We used an independent t-test to compare the between-group difference. The statistical significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$ for all variables. RESULTS: The head-lift exercise group showed a significant within-group change in terms of the neck strength and swallowing function (p<.05). The conventional swallowing therapy group also showed a statistically significant change (p<.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between the head-lift exercise and the conventional swallowing therapy group with regard to the change in both, the neck strength and swallowing function after application of the intervention (p<.05). CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable information for future studies in this field. Further studies involving a wider range of patients and a longer experiment span are required to strengthen the results of our study.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of foot strengthening exercise program and functional insoles on joint angle and plantar pressure in elderly women. Thirteen elderly women who were enrolled in a university senior citizens academy of a metropolitan city in 2017 were divided into two groups: exercise group with functional insole (n=7) and exercise group without functional insole (n=6). Method: Three-dimensional motion analysis and Pedar-X were performed to compute the joint angle and the foot plantar pressure, respectively. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA was conducted to compare dependent variables within and between groups. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The range of motion (ROM) of the ankle, knee, and hip joints in the exercise group with functional insole increased significantly more than the exercise group without functional insole. In both the experimental group and the comparison group, the maximum foot plantar pressure and the mean foot plantar pressure were decreased, but the comparison group without functional insole showed more decrease. Since the experimental group demonstrated greater pressure than the comparison group in the contact area (forefoot, midfoot), it was distributed over a greater area. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that participation in foot strengthening exercises and using a functional insole has more positive effects than foot strengthening exercises alone on the joint angle and plantar pressure in elderly women. Increased foot plantar pressure led to an increased contact area (forefoot, midfoot) for distribution of the foot plantar pressure, but the effect of reducing the maximum and average plantar pressures was incomplete. However, wearing functional insoles along with exercise, could help in improving the stability of the joints, by increasing the range of motion, and could help the elderly in movement of the muscles more effectively, leading to an improvement in gait function.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2014

The study aimed to examine the effect of a corrective exercise on Cobb's angle and static and dynamic foot pressure in patients with kyphosis. Patients with kyphosis participated in a 12 weeks of corrective exercise program. Participants were randomly assigned to a corrective exercise group (n=17) and a control group (n=17), and corrective exercise for 60 minutes are executed every 3 times a week. All data were analyzed by two-way repeated measured ANOVA. Statistical level was set up as a=.05. As a result, Cobb's angle had significantly effects according to time and groups. Anterior and posterior part of static foot pressure showed significant effects by time but not by groups. Whereas left and right part of static foot pressure showed no significant effects. And dynamic foot pressure showed significant effects by time but not by group also. In conclusion, it is approved that this exercise was helpful on abnormal posture arrangement and improvement of unbalanced muscle capability.