• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.163-186
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• 2014

This paper argues that the formation of regional integration frameworks can be best understood as a dominant state's attempt to create a preferred regional framework in which it can exercise exclusive influence. In this context, it is important to observe not only which countries are included in a regional framework, but also which countries are excluded from it. For example, the distinct feature of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is its exclusion of China, and that of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is its exclusion of the United States (US). An exclusion of a particular country does not mean that the excluded country will perpetually remain outside the framework. In fact, TPP may someday include China, resulting from a policy of the US "engaging" or "socializing" China rather than "balancing" against it. However, the first step of such a policy is to establish a regional framework from which the target country of engagement is excluded.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2000

Die-casting burr due to casting process is removed by post-process for assembly and quality control of product. Though robot has been widely used for deburring job before, CNC exclusive machine is currently developed f3r high power, high speed machining and quick tool change. Deburring tool path with complex 3D curve type is defined to make out deburring NC program. But there is no efficient method to define it currently used methods with teaching probe on machine. In this study the efficient method to make out deburring NC program is developed. 5-axis digitizing machine is used to receive data of deburring path. And the post processor for NC program generation is developed in consideration of the machining conditions. The developed system is not dependent on the skill of operator and has the advantage to maintain the flexibility of job to modify NC program due to the wear of tool and aging of the die casting.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.187-208
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• 2014

This study engages in the features of interaction in elementary school mathematics lessons as reflected in the class discourse. 28 pre-service teachers documented the discourse during observation of their tutor-teachers' lessons. Mapping the interaction patterns was performed by a unique graphic model developed for that purpose and enabled providing a spatial picture of the discourse conducted in the lesson. The research findings present the known discourse pattern "initiation-response-evaluation / feedback" (IRE/F) which is recurrent in all the lessons and the teacher's exclusive control over the class discourse patterns. Hence, the remaining time of the lesson for the pupils' discourse is short and meaningless.

• 중국학논총
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• 제63호
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• pp.251-273
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• 2019

China in the sixteenth century was exposed to various problems, and the surrounding nations were growing as potential threats by building up their powers and forming an unstable political state by losing control of civilization in politics, economy, knowledge, ideas and ideas. Especially, Mateo Ricci's knowledge and ideas were enough to attract the Chinese knowledge society. However, the influx of Western astronomy and world maps was not only a substitute for the notion of heaven and earth of Chinese tradition, but it destroyed all the knowledge and ideology of China, the foundation of political power and knowledge power. It transformed China in the center of the world into China in some parts of the world. It also brought about a great change in the civilization map of culture and savagery. As a result, the relationship between 'center and periphery', 'civilization and barbarians' could not be established, and the title of Chinese as a unique and exclusive civilization could no longer be maintained.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.625-632
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• 2023

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is both a quality control mechanism and a gene regulation pathway. It has been studied for more than 30 years, with an accumulation of many mechanistic details that have often led to debate and hence to different models of NMD activation, particularly in higher eukaryotes. Two models seem to be opposed, since the first requires intervention of the exon junction complex (EJC) to recruit NMD factors downstream of the premature termination codon (PTC), whereas the second involves an EJC-independent mechanism in which NMD factors concentrate in the 3'UTR to initiate NMD in the presence of a PTC. In this review we describe both models, giving recent molecular details and providing experimental arguments supporting one or the other model. In the end it is certainly possible to imagine that these two mechanisms co-exist, rather than viewing them as mutually exclusive.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제10D권2호
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• pp.195-210
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• 2003

이 논문에서는 다차원 색인구조의 동시성을 최대화하는 동시성제어 알고리즘과 이를 위한 회복기법을 제안한다. 다차원 색인구조에서 동시성을 저하는 가장 큰 요인은 MBR 변경연산과 분할 연산이다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 먼저 MBR 변경연산으로 인한 동시성 저하를 최소화하기 위해서 PLC(Partial Lock Coupling) 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법은 기존 방법에 비해 잠금결합을 사용하는 회수를 크게 줄여 동시성을 높인다. 또한, MBR 변경의 수행 중에도 탐색자들이 해당 노드를 접근할 수 있도록 하는 MBR 변경 방법을 제안한다. 분할로 인한 동시성 저하를 해결하기 위해서 노드 분할로 인한 탐색자의 지연 시간을 최소화 할 수 있는 새로운 분할방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘을 BADA-4 DBMS의 저장시스템인 MiDAS-3에서 구현하여 성능평가를 수행한다. 다양한 실험을 통해 제안하는 방법이 기존 방법보다 우수함을 보인다. 마지막으로, 이 논문에서는 제안하는 동시성제어 방법에 적절한 회복기법을 제안한다. 회복기법은 동시성을 최대한 보장할 수 있도록 설계되었으며 빠른 회복시간을 보장한다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2014

해외 주요 도시에서 운영되고 있는 트램은 도시부의 교통혼잡과 대중교통의 수송분담율 감소 문제, 환경문제를 해결할 수 있는 대중교통 수단으로 인식되어 우리나라의 각 지방자치 단체에서 시스템 도입을 진행 중에 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 신호운영 체계에서 트램을 효율적으로 운영하기 위한 능동식 트램 우선신호 전략을 개발하였다. 트램 우선신호를 수행하기 위한 시스템을 구성하고, 트램 정류장의 정차시간을 제어를 통해 트램의 교차로 무정차 통과를 구현하는 알고리즘을 개발하였으며, 대향방향의 트램차량을 고려하여 트램의 신호교차로 연속통행을 구현하였다. 또한 트램의 교차로 도착시간에 따라 정류장의 정차시간을 최소화하기 위한 능동식 우선신호 전략을 선택함으로서 신호제어 효과를 극대화 하였다. 개발된 신호제어전략을 평가하기 위해서 VISSIM 모형의 API 기능을 이용하여 트램 우선신호 제어전략을 구현하여 신호제어 효과를 분석한 결과, 트램차량의 신호교차로 정지수와 통행시간이 감소했음을 확인하였고, 일반차량도 트램 우선신호에 따른 지체증가가 거의 나타나지 않음을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.572-580
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• 2010

무선 메쉬 네트워크 기술은 유선과 비슷한 전송속도를 가지는 무선 통신 기술을 이용해서 무선 백본망으로 사용하는 기술을 의미하며 토폴로지는 메쉬 형태를 갖는다. 이러한 형태는 Ad-hoc 네트워크와 유사한 점을 가지고 있지만 운용 목적과 내부 동작에서 다르기 때문에 채널접속 제어방법을 설정하기 위한 메트릭이 요구 된다. 본 논문에서는 데이터를 전달하기 위한 효율적인 채널접속 제어방법을 개선하여 무선 메쉬 네트워크의 성능을 향상시키는 방안에 대하여 제안하였으며 음영과 노출 메쉬 클라이언트, 채널 독점 등을 통해서 제안한 방법에 대한 성능을 분석하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2002

The degree of doctors' autonomy is decided by the relations between the profession and the state. The exclusive right required by doctors is based on knowledge, but it is most often decided by the relations between the profession and the state. The critical factor affecting the status of the medical profession is the span of its control on medical related areas. Therefore, the status of doctors depends on the degree of institutionalization and the span of their control. The status of Korean Oriental Medicine doctors has been largely affected by the governments medical policies. The dramatic change of the status of Korean Oriental Medicine in modern Korea dearly shows the effects of medical policy on the status of a medical system. Under the plural medical system every medical group lobbies for more favorable medical policies. Korean Oriental Medicine doctors have secured an enhanced status in government and expanded the range of medical insurance coverage. Also, they have accomplished the standardization of knowledge in their efforts to expand it. These achievements are the most important aspects of the professionalization of Korean Oriental Medicine. Therefore, we can conclude that the conflicts between Korean Oriental Medicine doctors and government representatives have had significantly positive effects on the professionalization of Korean Oriental Medicine.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2001

In this paper, we have developed the 6 DOF force display system to be based on the single PC. The system is composed of the force display device, the force reflecting rendering algorithm and the high-speed controller. The previous systems had a problem, that must adopt high performance workstation or 2-PC in order to control the graphics speedily and stably. In this paper, it is possible to improve the problem as to develop its exclusive controller and new rendering algorithm. The proposed new rendering algorithm is based on the Proxy algorithm, which can convert information of the position, the velocity, and the haptic information into the force-data. Especially, as to use the proxy algorithm, we can construct dynamical virtual-environment with the elasticity, the viscosity, the mass, and the friction force. As the result of the experiment, we found that our system has much superior characteristics than some other haptic interfaces, because it can control of 30,000 polygon model constructed virtual object with 1[kHz] haptic interrupt cycle and 20[Hz] graphic interrupt cycle in the single PC based system.