• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1989

$^{99m}Tc-Pertechnetate\;(TcO_4^-)$ is concentrated by the stomach after intravenous injection, allowing the detection of ectopic gastric mucosa. It has been used to develop a noninvasive test of gastric secretion. However the cellular site of concentration is still controversial, that is whether mucin-secreting epithelial cell or acid-secreting parietal cell. This study is planned to investigate the effects of cimetidine and gastric acidity on the retention of $TcO_4^-$ in the gastric wall of the rat. Also we further attempted to clarify the uptake and secreting cell of $TcO_4^-$ in the gastric mucosa. One hundred rats were divided into two groups, preliminary (40 rats) and main examination group (60 rats). Preliminary examination group was composed of fasting group (20 rats) for the detection of the time for reaching stable $TcO_4^-$ retention ratio in gastric wall and post-prandial group (20 rats) for the detection of the time for reaching the maximal gastric acidity. Main examination group was composed of fasting group (30 rats), which was subdivided into control group (10 rats), cimetidine group (10rats), $Mylanta^{(R)}$ group (10 rats) and post?prandial group (30 rats), which was subaivided into 90 min group (10 rats), 90 min cimetidine group (10 rats), and 120 min group (10 rats). Retention ratio (%) of $TcO_4$ in the gastric wall and the pH of the gastric contents were measured in the extracted stomach of the six groups. Gastric wall retention ratio of $TcO_4^-$ was calculated by the gastric wall radioactivity (cpm) divided by total gastric radioactivity (cpm) at 30 mins after intravenous injection of 0.4 mCi of $TcO_4^-$. The results were as follows: 1) The time required for reaching stable $TcO_4$ retention ratio and the lowest gastric PH were 30 min and 90 min, respectively. 2) In the fasting group, the gastric wall retention ratio of $TcO_4^-$ was significantly increased in the cimetidine group, compared with the control group (P < 0.01). However there was no significant difference between the control and $Mylanta^{(R)}$ group 3) The $TcO_4^-$ retention ratios of 90 min and 120 min groups were lower than that of the fasting control group (p < 0.05), either. After administration of cimetidine, the retention ratio was significantly increased in 90 min group (p < 0.01). 4) While $TcO_4^-$ retention ratio and gastric pH were well correlated in the post-prandial 120 min group (r=0.7112, p<0.05), in the post-prandial 90 min and 90 min cimetidine groups correlated poorly. However, there was no correlation in the three fasting groups at all. Referring the above results, we infer that $TcO_4^-$ is secreted into the gastric lumen by both parietal and non-parietal cells, with dominant non-parietal $TcO_4^-$ secretion in the fasting state and dominant parietal $TcO_4^-$ secretion in the stimulated state.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2020

4차 산업혁명 시대의 시작과 함께 다양한 분야의 기술들이 서로 융합하며 새로운 형태의 기술과 제품들이 개발되고 있으며, 이와 더불어 그것들에 대한 시장 지배력을 갖기 위한 지식 재산권의 행사나 특허등록의 중요성이 높아지고 있어 국내는 물론 해외에서의 특허출원이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 심사관 1인당 처리해야 할 특허 처리 건수가 해마다 많아지고 있어 선행기술조사에 소비되는 시간과 비용이 점점 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 다수의 해외특허 우선권 주장 시 동일 우선권 주장 특허문서 간 유사도를 계산하여 심사관 및 특허 출원인이 유사문서를 우선 검토 할 수 있도록 함으로써 심사 시간과 비용을 줄이고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 비정형 특허 문서의 데이터를 전처리 후 LDA 토픽 모델링과 Word2vec을 활용하여 특허 문서 간 유사도를 구하고, 이 유사도 점수가 높은 순으로 검토 문서를 우선 추천하는 유사 특허 추천 모델을 제안하였다. 3단계의 모델 생성과정을 통해 만들어진 모델을 사용하여 재현율 95%로 높은 결과를 보였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 모델을 통해, 심사관은 효율적으로 선행기술에 대한 조사가 가능해지며, 심사 수행 중 유사하다고 판단된 특허문서에 대한 심사 이력을 신속하게 참고할 수 있어 업무 부담감을 줄이고 심사풀질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

We know that the Hurst Exponent (HE) is a real number in [0, 1] which denotes randomness of time series. in this research, we suggest non-linear analysis of human biological signals through HE. The feasibility of human biological signals using inductive incitement provides Some diagnosis for active treatment. In our experiment, we measured the heartbeat through the MCG, 29 healthy and 34 abnormal subjects ostensibly. The raw data of acupuncture incitement are supported by opinions of gross examination and pathological diagnosis. The mean values of HE are 0.345, 0.755 and 0.805 for the periods of before, during and after acupuncture treatment, respectively in case of abnormal subjects. On the other hand, the mean values, 0.808, 0.797 and 0.785 are for normal cases, correspondingly. From this data, we show that HE is very significant in abnormal controls according to an acupuncture incitement, and the incitement effect is evidently extracted in abnormal subjects. But, in normal subjects, the incitement effect is meaningless.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

Due to the importance of lead time demand in the design of inventory management systems, researchers and practitioners have paid continuous attention and a few analytic models using the compound distribution approach have been reported. However, since the nature of compound distributions is hardly amenable, the analytic models have been done by non‐recognition of the compound nature of some components to reduce the analytic task. This study concerns some of the important aspects in the analytic models. Through the theoretic examination of the analytic model approach and the comparison with the rigid compound stochastic process approach, this study clarifies the assumptions implicitly made by the analytic models and provides some precautions in using the analytic models. Illustrative examples are also presented.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.63-68
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• 1981

This study was to determine optimal conditions for preparing Gangjung and Sanja. Texturometer and panel test were employed to evaluated products which were prepared under varying soaking time of glutinous rice. The results are found as follows; Examination of acceptibilities of products by the panel test showed that 48 hours of soaking was the most optimal. In acceptability ratings. the second went to 2 hours, the third 24 hours, the forth 120 hours, the fifth, 72 hours, and the sixth, 96 hours. However, there was no significant difference in acceptability among various products(P>0.05). The cohesiveness and the brittleness of the highest-grade products soaking in 48 hours showed 0.09$cm^{2}$, 1.25cm, respectively by texturometer. In therms of acceptability, the cohesiveness of high-grade products read between 0.06~0.7$cm^{2}$. The brittleness of products examined was in the range of between 0.36 and 1.41cm. No significant difference was found among products prepared under varying soaking time n cohesiveness and brittleness.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.913-929
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• 2015

Hybrid simulation is increasingly being recognized as a powerful technique for laboratory testing. It offers the opportunity for global system evaluation of civil infrastructure systems subject to extreme dynamic loading, often with a significant reduction in time and cost. In this approach, a reference structure/system is partitioned into two or more substructures. The portion of the structural system designated as 'physical' or 'experimental' is tested in the laboratory, while other portions are replaced with a computational model. Many researchers have quite effectively used hybrid simulation (HS) and real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) methods for examination and verification of existing and new design concepts and proposed structural systems or devices. This paper provides a detailed perspective of the enabling role that HS and RTHS methods have played in advancing the practice of earthquake engineering. Herein, our focus is on investigations related to earthquake engineering, those with CURATED data available in their entirety in the NEES Data Repository.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제7권
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• pp.67-77
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• 1966

For the production of proteolytic enzyme wilth Aspergillus, the examination is made on the culture-time and koji extracting conditions, during producing koji. 1. The highest activity showed up when the culture-time took 50 hours for Aspergillus sojae and 60 hours for Aspergillus flavus. 2. When the cultured koji was extracted by a buffer solution and water, the former gave the product of higher activity until pH 7 through pH 12, and water until pH 3 through pH 7. 3. In the method of crushing and granule extractions, crushing extraction produced the one of higher activity than granule. 4. The highest activity showed up when Aspergillus sojae took 5 hours (Aspergillus flavus 4 hours) in the time of extracting enzyme solution. 5. The highest activity showed up when both Aspergillu sojae and Aspergillus flavus reacted and indicated $37.60^{\circ}C$ in the reaction temperature and activity.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.292-302
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• 2022

The radar tomographic imaging is based on the Radar Cross-Section "RCS" of the materials of a shape under examination and investigation. The RCS varies as the conductivity and permittivity of a target, where the target has a different material profile than other background objects in a scene. In this research paper, we use Hierarchical Performance Modeling "HPM" and a framework developed earlier to determine/spot bottleneck(s) for pattern recognition of materials using a combination of the Single Layer Perceptron (SLP) technique and tomographic images in radar systems. HPM provides mathematical equations which create Objective Functions "OFs" to find an average performance metric such as throughput or response time. Herein, response time is used as the performance metric and during the estimation of it, bottlenecks are found with the help of OFs. The obtained results indicate that processing images consumes around 90% of the execution time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5295-5302
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• 2016

Objectives: A physically active lifestyle is important for cancer survivors. Therefore, this study was conducted to 1) provide population-based estimates of the prevalence of physical activity and sitting time, and 2) their correlates in Korean cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed a cancer survivor subsample (N=1,482) from 2008-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), data selected with a complex sampling design. Overall and subgroup-specific prevalences of physical activity and sitting time were estimated. Correlates of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity ( MVPA) and sitting time were tested using age-group-specific hierarchical multiple regression models. Results: Overall adherence rate to physical activity guidelines was 34.9% (95% CI=31.5-38.4). Age-group-specific adherence rates were 41.1% (95% CI=36.3-45.9) in adults (30-64 years old), and 25.3% (95% CI=21.0-25.3) in older adults (65 years or older). Adults spent 213.33 minutes (95% CI=172.4-254.3) per week on MVPA and 55.3 minutes (95% CI=36.4-64.6) on sitting time per day. In adults, sitting time was significantly associated with employed status (B=28.0, p=0.046), smoking (B=-47.4, p=0.020), and number of comorbidity conditions (B=-13, p=.037). MVPA was significantly associated with marital status (B=134.9, p<0.001), employment status (B=98.12, p=.046), and years since cancer diagnosis (B=104.7, p=0.015). Older adults spent 162.2 minutes (95% CI=119.5-204.8) per week on MVPA and 63.0 minutes (95% CI=45.0-89.5) on sitting time per day. Their significant correlates were sex (B= -45.2, p=0.014), smoking (B=-70.14, p<0.001), and years since cancer diagnosis (B=37.0, p=0.024). Age (B=5.8, p=0.042) and marital status (B=83.8, p=0.033) were also significantly associated with MVPA in older adults. Conclusion: A majority of Korean cancer survivors do not sufficiently participate in physical activity. In general, older, unhealthier, non-working, and being unmarried were risk factors for physical inactivity. While this study informs public health policy makers and practitioners about physical activity intervention demand for cancer survivors, future investigations should address psychosocial mediators to better inform intervention programs.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2001

Testing is a procedure used to measure a sample of behaviour in order to discover how well a seafarer performs, usually in comparison with others, or compared with identified performance criteria. In this context It is important that the test, in whatever form it is being used, yields consistent results by being valid, reliable and practical. Whilst we can only take a sample of a person's knowledge or comprehension about topic in this way, testing methods do provide a more reliable estimate of performance than most other observational techniques; unsystematic or irregular observation being too unreliable. The method of examination has been specified in the provisions of Regulation 12 of the Decree of the ship officers act as followings. Other necessary matters for conducting oral and written examinations have been set out by the Minister. But written examination is too shortage of period and small number of question to cover the qualification of each level and oral test is just simple and namely Traditionally, written examinations have been provided as the only means for determining the acquisition of knowledge by the mariner. Typically, the examination formats have taken the format of either an essay or multiple choice examinations. Essay items, used in the vast majority of subject examination(not in Korea), consisted of three basic types: situational, descriptive and computational. The level of certificate being examined determined the number and mix of the type of essay questions selected. Oral question has again been used by assessors of seafarer in a wide variety of contexts. Also, oral questioning is often used when observation of performance is undertaken to ask why a certain action has been taken, or to be broaden the scope of what has been observed. At end, Each techniques have their own advantage and disadvantage, so we have to choose some or all of the following techniques, depending upon the certificate, qualification or job for which the trainee is aiming. But in high lank, we have to use both of essay type and multiple choice and with enough time of oral test at least 30 minutes. Who would be the assessor? According to the STCW Code Section A-I/6, instructors, supervisor and assessors are appropriately qualified for particular types and levels of training or assessment of competence of seafarers either on board or ashore, as required under the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of this section.