• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.524-524
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 홍천 자운지구 고랭지 농업지역을 대상으로 장기간의 유역조사와 하천 모니터링을 통해 관측된 축척 데이터를 이용하여 비점오염저감 효과를 정량화하고 추후 모니터링 자료로서 탁수와 비점오염원 저감시설의 저감효과와 비점오염원의 효율적인 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 모니터링 결과 소양호 유역의 오염부하(1차 강우사상) 중 홍천군 자운지구의 유역단위 비점오염 저감효과의 분석에는 강우량과 단위면적당 오염부하를 이용하였으며, 자운천은 SS 5,396,761 kg, COD 82,261 kg, BOD 57,329 kg, T-N 68,711 kg, T-P 3,091 kg이었으며, 오염부하(2차 강우사상)는 SS 320,293 kg, COD 34,588 kg, BOD 22,350 kg, T-N 48,954 kg, T-P 640 kg으로 나타났다. 또한 소양호 유역의 EMC(1차 강우사상) 중 자운천은 SS 829.9 mg/L, COD 12.7 mg/L, BOD 8.8 mg/L, T-N 10.567 mg/L, T-P 0.475 mg/L 이었으며, EMC(2차 강우사상)는 SS 68.6 mg/L, COD 7.4 mg/L, BOD 4.8 mg/L, T-N 10.487 mg/L, T-P 0.137 mg/L로 나타났다. 소양호 유역의 단위면적당 오염부하(1차 강우사상) 중 자운천은 SS 402.0 kg/ha/event, COD 6.1 kg/ha/event, BOD 4.3 kg/ha/event, T-N 5.118 kg/ha/event, T-P 0.230 kg/ha/event 이었으며, 오염부하(2차 강우사상)는 SS 23.9 kg/ha/event, COD 2.6 kg/ha/event, BOD 1.7 kg/ha/event, T-N 3.646 kg/ha/event, T-P 0.048 kg/ha/event로 나타났다. 오염부하에서는 1차 강우에 비해 2차 강우에서는 SS 5,076,468 mg/L, COD 47,673 mg/L, BOD 34,979 mg/L, T-N 19,757 mg/L, T-P 2451 mg/L로 1차 강우사상에 비해 오염부하가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 EMC에서는 1차 강우에 비해 2차 강우에서는 SS 761.3 mg/L, COD 5.3 mg/L, BOD 4.0 mg/L, T-N 0.080 mg/L, T-P 0.338 mg/L로 1차 강우사상에 비해 EMC가 저감되었다. 단위면적당 오염부하는 1차 강우에 비해 2차 강우에서는 SS 378.1 mg/L, COD 3.5 mg/L, BOD 2.6 mg/L, T-N 1.472 mg/L, T-P 0.182 mg/L로 1차 강우사상에 비해 EMC가 저감되었다. 강우량과 강우강도 그리고 영농활동의 시기에 따른 EMC와 단위면적당 오염부하는 큰 차이를 보였으며, 예년에 비해 적은 강수량으로 인해 탁수와 비점오염부하의 배출이 상대적으로 적었던 것으로 판단된다. 소양호 유역과 같은 넓은 유역에서 시행되는 비점오염원의 저감연구는 오랜 시간 동안 자료를 축적해야 유의미한 평가가 이루어질 수 있으므로 장기적이고 지속적인 모니터링을 통한 유량 데이터 자료구축과 수질분석뿐만 아니라, 발생되는 비점오염 물질의 관리를 위한 체계적인 연구가 지속되어야하며, 아울러 농민의 인식도 변화 등을 포함하는 많은 인자들을 정밀히 조사하고 다각도로 분석하여 저감효과에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.103-118
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• 2009

To face with the fast and ever changing telecommunication environments, we need a real time process management system that can detect abnormal events in real time and warn the suspicious events to operations personnel. Additionally, a real time process management system can be adapted fast to various services that are developed by telecom companies. In this paper we develop a real time process management system to monitor and analyze telecom operations and management processes in real time. Toward this, we design application and database architectures of telecom operations and management processes based on Enhanced Telecom Operations Map (eTOM) that is business process framework in telecommunication operations and management field and recognized as an international standard in ITU-T M.3050. With these application and databasearchitectures we implement eight main functions for the real time process management system based on service oriented architecture. Therefore, new services can be applied to these functions fast. Also, the functions can detect abnormal event fast. Finally, since the functions are developed along with the international standard, the system has the flexibility for the development in various situations. Overall, this research can be a good guideline of developing a process management system regarding the telecom operations and management field or other fields that need to manage the processes in real time.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.37
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• pp.187-216
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• 2008

Risk regarding the possibility of loss can be especially problematic. If a loss is certain to occur, it may be planned for in advance and treated as a definite, known expense. It is when there is uncertainty about the occurrence of a loss that risk becomes an important problem. The word risk is often used in connection with insurance. No one generally accepted definition of risk exists, however. Of the many definitions, two distinctive ones are commonly used. One defines risk as the variation in possible outcomes of an event based on chance. That is, the greater the number of different outcomes that may occur, the greater the risk. Another way of expressing this concept is to state: The greater the variation around an average expected loss, the greater the risk. The second definition of risk is the uncertainty concerning a possible loss. The definition of risk as a useful one because it focuses attention on the degree of risk in given situations. The degree of risk is a measure of the accuracy with which the outcome of an event based on chance can be predicted. For now, it will serve our purpose to note the more accurate the prediction of the outcome of an event based on chance, the lower the degree of risk. After sources of risks are identified and measured, a decision can be made as to how the risk should be handled. A pure risk that is not identified does not disappear, the business merely loses the opportunity to consciously decide on the best technique for dealing with that risk. The process used to systematically manage risk exposures is known as risk management. Some persons use the term risk management only in connection with businesses, and often the term refers only to the management of pure risks. In this sense, the traditional risk management goal has been to minimize the cost of pure risk to the company. But as firms broaden the ways that they view and manage many different types of risk, the need for new terminology has become apparent. The terms integrated risk management and enterprise risk management reflect the intent to manage all forms of risk, regardless of type. International trade transaction is called between countries has features of globalism, cultural gap, long distance and long terms for the transaction. It is riskier than domestic transaction has its specific risks, such as foreign exchange risk and political risk, and requires various active risk management skills. Risks in relation to the international trade transaction are the contract risk, transit risk and payment risk, etc. The risk management in relation to the international trade transaction is to identify and measure these risks. The purpose of this study is to analyse the practical problems and its solution plan by analyzing various cases related to the risk management of bill of lading in the international trade transaction.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2017

In this study, for the integrated information management of underground pipelines, each information management server software must have it's inter-operability. So Many kinds of smart-city integrated platform softwares were surveyed and the best platform software was selected. The interface software modules developed in this study was installed at the test system. Through this test system, when a sub system transfers an event message to the upper integrated server system, the inter-operability test between the upper system and a sub operating system was performed and its operability was resolved.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.301-311
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• 2013

This paper proposes a policy-based quality of service (QoS) management framework for adaptive routing decisions. We present an approach considering interior gateway protocol (IGP) for path discovery mechanisms and QoS-aware policies for configuring the network elements. The integration of the aforementioned modules into this policy-based network management (PBNM) system is demonstrated by conducting experiments in a real environment, the hellenic public administration network SYZEFXIS. These experiments combine different traffic conditioning mechanisms through event detectors, consider IP service level agreement mechanisms that interoperate with the PBNM system and analyze the enforcement of IGP and QoS policies. Finally, validation and measurement tools are used to prove the efficiency of this framework. It is shown that this architecture offers significantly increased performance and learning capabilities, while the PBNM system achieves adaptive QoS routing through automated configuration considering the avoidance of suboptimal routing issues or under-performance conditions of the network entities.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.591-599
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• 2005

현재의 경영환경은 기업경영에 긍정적 또는 부정적인 영향을 미칠 Event가 다양하고 예측이 어려워지고 있는 상황에 직면하고 있다. 반면에 각종 경영상의 규정과 규제는 주주와 시장의 입장에서 기업의 경영의 투명성과 신뢰성을 요구하고 있다. 대표적으로 금융산업은 Basel II, 미국증시에 상장된 기업은 SOA라 불라는 Sarbanes-Oxley법안, 국내기업은 집단소송제, 외감법, 증권거래법 등에 기업의 경영 성과와 재무제표에 대한 경영진의 서명 및 외부감사인의 검토를 규정하고 있다. 경영진은 전략적인 목적 달성에 영향을 미치는 내외부에서 발생하는 상황과 규정/규제에 대한 대응현황을 종합적으로 판단해야만 하게 되었다. 이러한 상황에서 2004년 9윌 Committee of Sponsoring Organization of the Treadway Commission(이하 COSO)에서는 Enterprise Risk Management Framework을 발표하였다. 이는 기존 내부통제(Internal Control) 개념을 확장/보완한 개념으로 전사적 관점에서 기업에 영향을 미치는 Event를 식별하고 통제하는 일련의 과정을 정의 하고 있다. 대부분 기업에서는 법규와 규정중심의 대응을 추진하고 있는 현황이며, 추진 과정시 리스크에 대한 개념이나 관리 수준에 대한 혼란을 격고 있다. 리스크 정의시 일관된 관점을 유지할 수 있는 관리 범주와 관리 목적의 부재를 제기하고 있며, 일회적인 관리가 아닌 정례화된 프로세스로 운영하도록 하는 관리체계 정립을 위한 방법론이나 실행가이드를 필요로 하고 있다. 이에 새로운 관리체계로서 Enterprise Risk Management(이하 ERM) 도입을 위하여 ERM에 대한 명확한 이해와 적용시 주요이슈에 대한 실천적 해결안을 제시하는 것을 본 연구의 목적으로 삼고자 한다

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2021

This research aims to confirm if the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on existing sectors, and how that affects the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) market returns. The research method used is an event study employing market models in nine sectors of the Exchange with purposive sampling technique, and supported by Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression. Based on the calculation of abnormal returns in the period of 30 days before up to 30 days after, the financial property, real estate, and construction sector results show a decreased abnormal return value. The infrastructure, utilities, and transportation sectors also show an abnormal return value that tends to be constant, while the abnormal return value increases in other sectors. Judging from the cumulative value of abnormal returns, the most affected sector is financials, followed by the trade, service, and investment sectors. The consumer goods and mining industry sectors are still optimistic, while other sectors show temporary negative sentiment. Overall, the stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with a cumulative negative value of the average abnormal return sample. The results using OLS regression also strengthen the relationships between the COVID-19 pandemic, and negative and significant market returns.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.399-405
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• 2022

This article is devoted to the consideration of the image strategies of higher education on the example of a comparison of Ukrainian and foreign experience. The relevance of the chosen topic is as follows. Today, educational institutions need to position, shape and elevate their image. PR helps to solve all these tasks, performing a function that is so necessary for establishing mutual understanding as communication management. The following tasks are solved in the article: originality of definitions was investigated; revealed PR and related concepts; analyzed the role of PR in the information promotion of universities; determined the specifics of information promotion, due to temporary conditions and regional development; considered image materials of Ukrainian and foreign universities; disclosed the specifics of the information promotion of the objects under study; analyzed.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.25 no.B
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• pp.99-106
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• 2005

The planning phase of construction project success or failure of the enterprise decision the 1st dangerous duration which occurs very there is a possibility of making with the phase which is important, of construction project in life cycle most many risk. But the risk management from planning phase well does not become accomplished is the actual condition from existing construction project. Consequently, it classifies the risk event from project initial planning phase of construction project from this study which probably is substantial risk event the possibility of accomplishing from a planning phase successfully in order to be.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2020

As the number of internet-connected appliances and the variety of IoT services are rapidly increasing, it is hard to protect IT assets with traditional network security techniques. Most traditional network log analysis systems use rule based mechanisms to reduce the raw logs. But using predefined rules can't detect new attack patterns. So, there is a need for a mechanism to reduce congested raw logs and detect new attack patterns. This paper suggests enterprise security management for IoT services using graph and network measures. We model an event network based on a graph of interconnected logs between network devices and IoT gateways. And we suggest a network clustering algorithm that estimates the attack probability of log clusters and detects new attack patterns.