• Title/Summary/Keyword: Evaluation Models

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RELAPSE AND STABILITY : AN EVALUATION OF CLASS I MALOCCLUSION NONEXTRACTION THERAPY (비발치로 치료한 제1급 부정교합자의 재귀현상에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Gu-Soon;Lee, Ki-Soo
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.79-89
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    • 1997
  • One of the strenuous problems in orthodontic procedures is postretention stability and retention against relapse. Many investigative trial had been done to disclose the factors associated with relapse and effective prescription to stave off, however, the nature of these jeopardies remained obscure. The objective was to investigate the long-term stability and quantitative changes of dental arches subsequently after Class I nonextraction treatment. Study models,cephalometric headfilms of 26 samples which were taken before, after teatment and postretention were employed to measure the interdental width of corresponding buccal teeth,overbite,overjet and the inclination of incisors and molars. Statistical analysis was carried to compare each measurements across the time period, and followings were brought around. 1. The quantitative amount of relapse in overbite presented positive correlation with the amount of changes through the treatment. 2. Stability of intercanine width was so far secure in the case the expansion had been done through. 3. The amount of changes in intercanine width of the lower regardless of expansion or contraction manifested less than the upper, however, the relapse ratio got high. 4. The upper and lower incisors were likely to be labioversive, and remained stable after retention. 5. The first molars of the upper and lower were conceivably tipped back immediately after treatment and returned to the original angulation. The expansion of intermolar width stayed stable across the time scheme after treatment It was suggested that the maintenance of intercanine width of lower was pertinent to perform the postretention stabilityv and the expansion of dental arch shoed be confined within physiologic boundaries of the patients.

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Protective Effects of a Lycium chinense Ethanol Extract through Anti-oxidative Stress on Acute gastric lesion mice (급성 위염 유발 마우스 동물 모델에서 구기자(枸杞子) 에탄올 추출물의 위점막 손상 보호 효과)

  • Lee, AhReum;Lee, JooYoung;Kim, MinYeong;Shin, Mi-Rae;Shin, SungHo;Seo, BuIl;Kwon, OJun;Roh, Seong-Soo
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2015
  • Objectives : Gastric lesions affect many people around the world and their development are results of the imbalance between destructive and protective factors in the gastric mucosa. Lycium chinense has been widely used as a traditional Korean medicine, it was recently reported that they have potent anti-inflammatory effects in chronic hepatitis models. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Lycium chinense extract (LCE) on HCl-Ethanol induced gastric lesion mice.Methods : The ICR mice were divided randomly into five groups of six animals each. Group A was normal mice, and group B was treated orally with 0.5 ml 150 mM HCl-60% Ethanol. Mice in group C and D were pre-treatment of LCE (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg bodyweight, p.o before HCl/ethanol treatment) and group E was orally administered sucralfate (10 mg/kg).Results : 150mM HCl/60% ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury mice were ameliorated mucosal damage upon histological evaluation by treatment of LCE. Pre-treatment of LCE attenuated reactive oxidative species (ROS) and produces peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in stomach tissues. As results of stomach protein analyses, LCE effectively reduce inflammatory-related factors such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in gastric lesion mice. In addition, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibitor of phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (p-IκB) were down-regulated in LCE-administrated gastric lesion mice.Conclusions : Our discovery supports that the therapeutic activity of LCE ameliorate the development of gastric lesion via suppressing the oxidative stress and gastric partial inflammation induced by 150 mM HCl/60% ethanol.

Effect on rat model of reflux esophagitis treated with Charybdis japonica extract (민꽃게 추출물의 역류성 식도염 동물모델에서 유효성 평가)

  • Nam, Hyeon-Hwa;Seo, Yun-Soo;Lee, Ji Hye;Seo, Young Hye;Yang, Sungyu;Moon, Byeong Cheol;Kim, Wook Jin;Nan, Li;Choo, Byung Kil;Kim, Joong-Sun
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2020
  • Objectives : In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Charybdis japonica (C. japonica) water extract on the acute reflux esophagitis in rat models. Methods : Twenty rats were divided into four groups for examination: normal control group (n=6), the reflux esophagitis group (n=6), reflux esophagitis treated with positive control group (ranitidine 40 mg/kg, n=6), reflux esophagitis treated with C. japonica group (100 mg/kg, n=6). All rats fasted for 18 hr and then were induced with reflux esophagitis by a pylorus and forestomach ligation operation. After 4 hr, the rats were sacrificed. The proinflammatory cytokine and proteins expression measured by western bolt assay, and the histopathological analysis of the esophageal mucosa measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results : C. japonica administration significantly was protecting esophageal mucosal damage upon histological analysis of reflux esophagitis in rats. The C. japonica treatment confirmed the protection of the reduction of claudin-5, an evaluation index of the damage of tight junctions in the reflux esophagitis. C. japonica was also found to inhibit the expression of proteins such as COX-2 and TNF-α in the rat esophagus. C. japonica markedly attenuated the activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of IκBα at the same time. Conclusion : These results indicated that C. japonica suppressed the development of esophagitis through the modulation of inflammation by regulating NF-κB activation. Based on these findings, we concluded that C. japonica can prevent reflux esophagitis.

Comparison of Methods for the Analysis Percentile of Seismic Hazards (지진재해도의 백분위수 분석 방법 비교)

  • Rhee, Hyun-Me;Seo, Jung-Moon;Kim, Min-Kyu;Choi, In-Kil
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2011
  • Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), which can effectively apply inevitable uncertainties in seismic data, considers a number of seismotectonic models and attenuation equations. The calculated hazard by PSHA is generally a value dependent on peak ground acceleration (PGA) and expresses the value as an annual exceedance probability. To represent the uncertainty range of a hazard which has occurred using various seismic data, a hazard curve figure shows both a mean curve and percentile curves (15, 50, and 85). The percentile performs an important role in that it indicates the uncertainty range of the calculated hazard, could be calculated using various methods by the relation of the weight and hazard. This study using the weight accumulation method, the weighted hazard method, the maximum likelihood method, and the moment method, has calculated the percentile of the computed hazard by PSHA on the Shinuljin 1, 2 site. The calculated percentile using the weight accumulation method, the weighted hazard method, and the maximum likelihood method, have similar trends and represent the range of all computed hazards by PSHA. The calculated percentile using the moment method effectively showed the range of hazards at the source which includes a site. This study suggests the moment method as effective percentile calculation method considering the almost same mean hazard for the seismotectonic model and a source which includes a site.

Seismic Evaluation of Steel Moment Frame Buildings based on Different Response Modification Factors and Fundamental Periods (반응수정계수와 주기의 영향에 대한 철골모멘트저항골조 건물의 내진성능평가)

  • Shin, Ji-Wook;Lee, Ki-Hak;Lee, Do-Hyung
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Response modification factors (R-factor) in 3-, 9- and 20- story steel Moment Resisting Frame (MRF) buildings. Each structure was designed using a R-factor of 8, as tabulated in the 2000 International Building Code provision (IBC 2000) and Korea Building Code (KBC) 2008. In order to evaluate the maximum and minimum performance expected for such structures, an upper bound and lower bound design were adopted for each model. Next, each analytical model was designed using different R-factors (8, 9, 10, 11, 12) and four different structural periods with the original fundamental period. For a detailed case study, a total of 150 analytical models were subjected to 20 ground motions representing a hazard level with a 2% probability of being exceeded in 50 years. In order to evaluate the performance of the structures, static push-over and non-linear time history analysis (NTHA) were performed, and displacement ductility demand was investigated to consider the ductility capacity of the structures. The results show that the dynamic behaviors for the 3- and 9-story buildings are relatively stable and conservative, while the 20-story buildings show a large displacement ductility demand due to dynamic instability factors. (e.g. P-delta effect and high mode effect)

Seismic Performance-based Design using Computational Platform for Structural Design of Complex-shaped Tall Building (전산플랫폼을 이용한 비정형 초고층 건축물 성능기반 내진설계기술의 실무적용)

  • Lee, Dong-Hun;Cho, Chang-Hee;Youn, Wu-Seok;Kang, Dae-Eon;Kim, Taejin;Kim, Jong-Ho
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.59-67
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    • 2013
  • Complex-shaped tall building causes many structural challenges due to its structural characteristics regarding inclined members and complexed shape. This paper is aimed at development of design process using computational-platform which is effective design tool for responding frequent design changes, particularly as to overseas projects. StrAuto, a parametric structural modeling and optimizing system, provides the optimized alternatives according to design intent and realize a swift process converting a series of structural information necessary to nonlinear analytical models. The application of the process was to a 45-story hotel building in Ulanbator, Mongolia adopting shear wall and special moment frame with outrigger systems. To investigate the safety of lateral force resisting system against maximum considered earthquake(MCE), nonlinear response history analysis was conducted using StrAuto.

A Canine Model of Tracheal Stenosis Using Nd-YAG Laser (Nd-YAG laser를 이용한 기관협착 동물모델의 개발)

  • Kim, Jhin-Gook;Suh, Gee-Young;Chung, Man-Pyo;Kwon, O-Jung;Suh, Soo-Won;Kim, Ho-Joong
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.54-61
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    • 2002
  • Background: Tracheal stenosis is an urgent but uncommon disease. Therefore, primary care clinicians have limited clinical experience. Animal models of a tracheal stenosis can be used conveniently for the learning, teaching, and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for tracheal stenosis. Recently, a canine model of a tracheal stenosis was developed using a Nd-YAG laser. To describe the methods and results of developed animal model, we performed this study. Methods : Six Mongrel dogs were generally anesthetized and the anterior 180 degree of tracheal cartilage of the animal was photo-coagulated using a Nd-YAG laser. The animals were bronchoscopically evaluated every week for 4 weeks and a pathologic evaluation was also made. Results : Two weeks after the laser coagulation, the trachea began to stenose and the stenosis progressed through 4 weeks. All animals suffered from shortness of breath, wheezing, and weight loss in the 3 weeks after the laser treatment, and two died of respiratory failure just before the fourth week. The gross pathologic findings showed the loss of cartilage and a dense fibrosis, which resulted in a fibrous stricture of the trachea. Microscopy also showed that the fibrous granulation tissue replaced destroyed cartilage. Conclusion : The canine model can assist in the understanding and development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for tracheal stenosis.

The Analysis for the determinant Factors on the Outcome of Technology Innovation Among Small and Medium Manufacturers (중소 제조기업의 기술혁신 성과 결정 요인에 관한 분석)

  • You, Yen-Yoo;Roh, Jae-Whak
    • The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.61-87
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    • 2010
  • This study is based on the analysis of technology innovation performance for Inno-biz. The primary purposes of this study are to help the government formulate Inno-biz related supporting policies and improve the fitness of evaluation models for Inno-biz. In this study the definition of "the outcome of technology innovation" includes technology competitiveness changes, technology forecasting as well as the outcome of technology innovation. For this analysis, 55 independent variables were used and categorized into ability of technology innovation, ability of commercialization, and ability of technology management. The results indicate that all three variable groups have positively influenced the outcome of technology innovation. Especially ability of technology innovation is highly related to technology competitiveness and business in future. The ability of commercialization enhances technology competitiveness and predictability in major business indexes; however it doesn't influence business performance in a short-term period. The ability of technology management enables businesses to forecast technology changes, but doesn't effect short-term business outcomes.

Development of Bivalve Culture Management System based on GIS for Oyster Aquaculture in GeojeHansan Bay (거제한산만 굴 양식장에 대한 GIS 기반 어장관리시스템 개발)

  • Cho, Yoon-Sik;Hong, Sok-Jin;Kim, Hyung-Chul;Choi, Woo-Jeung;Lee, Won-Chan;Lee, Suk-Mo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2010
  • Oyster production is playing an important role in domestic aquaculture, but facing some problems such as exports decrease, a slowdown in domestic demand and marine environmental deterioration. In order to obtain the suitable and sustainable oyster production, suitable sites selection is an important step in oyster aquaculture. This study was conducted to identify the suitable sites for lunging culture of oyster using Geographic Information System(GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation methods. Most of the parameters were extracted by Inverse Distance Weighted(IDW) methods in GIS and eight parameters were grouped into two basic sub-models for oyster aquaculture, namely oyster growth sub-model(Sea Temperature, Salinity, Hydrodynamics, Chlorophyll-a) and environment sub-model(Bottom DO, TOC, Sediment AVS, Benthic Diversity). Suitability scores were ranked on a scale from 1(leased suitable) and 8(most suitable), and about 80.1% of the total potential area had the highest scores 5 and 6. These areas were shown to have the optimum condition for oyster culture in GeojeHansan Bay. This method to identify suitable sites for oyster culture may be used to develop bivalve culture management system for supporting a decision making.

Projecting the Spatio-Temporal Change in Yield Potential of Kimchi Cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) under Intentional Shift of Planting Date (정식일 이동에 따른 배추 잠재수량성의 시공간적 변화 전망)

  • Kim, Jin-Hee;Yun, Jin I.
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.298-306
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    • 2016
  • Planting date shift is one of the means of adapting to climate change in Kimchi Cabbage growers in major production areas in Korea. This study suggests a method to estimate the potential yield of Kimchi Cabbage based on daily temperature accumulation during the growth period from planting to maturity which is determined by a plant phenology model tuned to Kimchi Cabbage. The phenology model converts any changes in the thermal condition caused by the planting date shift into the heat unit accumulation during the growth period, which can be calculated from daily temperatures. The physiological maturity is estimated by applying this model to a variable development rate function depending either on growth or heading stage. The cabbage yield prediction model (Ahn et al., 2014) calculates the potential yield of summer cabbage by accumulating daily heat units for the growth period. We combined these two models and applied to the 1km resolution climate scenario (2000-2100) based on RCP8.5 for South Korea. Potential yields in the current normal year (2001-2010) and the future normal year (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) were estimated for each grid cell with the planting dates of July 1, August 1, September 1, and October 1. Based on the results, we divided the whole South Korea into 810 watersheds, and devised a three - dimensional evaluation chart of the time - space - yield that enables the user to easily find the optimal planting date for a given watershed. This method is expected to be useful not only for exploring future new cultivation sites but also for developing cropping systems capable of adaptation to climate change without changing varieties in existing production areas.