• Title/Summary/Keyword: Evacuation safety

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Evacuation Simulation to Assess Human Safety of Social Welfare Facility (사회복지시설의 인명안전도 평가를 위한 탈출 시뮬레이션)

  • Kim, Hyun-Seok;Kim, Kook-Hyun;Kim, Nam-Sook
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.138-143
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    • 2011
  • Growing attention of a society to protecting weak people leads an increase of various social welfare facilities. Therefore, safety of the occupants at emergency situations, such as fire, must be considered as an important factor during the design and operation of those facilities. In this paper an exploratory study is carried out on a method quantitatively assessing the human evacuation safety of social welfare facilities. A evacuation simulation method, being routinely used in the evacuation analysis of passenger ships deriving 'Evacuability' as a quantity of safety, is applied to assess the human safety of a facility for single-moms. Based on the simulation results, the main factors that must be considered while carrying out the evacuation simulation for the human safety assessment of the facility are investigated.

A Study on the Major Standards and Actual Conditions of Evacuation Safety in Child Care Facility (보육시설의 피난안전 관련 주요 기준 분석 및 실태조사에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jae-Sung
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.93-102
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    • 2009
  • Recently, the number of child care facility and social demand for high quality child care service increase suddenly. Especially, social atmosphere about fire safety is more sensitive in Korea. The majority of the residents in a child care facility are composed of early childhood having difficulty to evacuate, and therefore the number of stories of a building and the appropriateness of a evacuation equipment play an important role in the evacuation safety. In this study, problems and improvements for the evacuation safety are dealt with the present conditions of child care facilities, the comparative analysis between domestic and foreign standards, the research on the actual condition of evacuation equipments, and so on. The study brings to a conclusion that it is necessary to systematize the regulations regarding fire safety, to connect fire-fighting facilities for design standards and operations of emergency preparation equipments, to improve the regulations for fire protection system such as the sprinkler system, and to restrict the facilities having fire hazards.

A Experimental Research on Stair Ascent Evacuation Support for Vulnerable People (안전약자 상층 대피 지원에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Ji Hyang;Lee, Hyo Jeong;Kwon, Jin Suk;Park, Sang Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2019
  • This study is aiming to compare stair ascent transportation speed and physical burden of evacuation supporters according to the types of stair ascent transportation for vulnerable people experimentally. In this study, we measured heart rate of the supporters to indicate physical burden during the transportation. The subjects of this experiment were male students, age of 20-26. Experimental conditions were the ways of stair transportation and the weight of vulnerable people. The types of stair transportation were giving a piggyback ride and carrying a wheelchair. Each experimental trial was video-recorded for measurement of ascent speed and observing supporters movement. As a result of the experiment, as for the ascent transportation speed by piggyback ride from the first floor to the fourth floor, the average speed of the light case is 31 seconds and for the heavy case is 43 seconds. When it comes to the average speed of wheelchair transportation's average speed the light case is 1 minute and 11 seconds and the heavy case is 1 minute and 49 seconds. Therefore, it was indicated that when the weight of a vulnerable people is lighter, the transportation speed is faster. The heart rates of evacuation supporters are different depending on transportation methods or individual's condition but as repetitive transportation increases, they tend to reach the maximum heart rates.

A Study on Apartment Residents' Conciousness of Evacuation Safety by Residential Height (공동주택 거주자의 거주 층수에 따른 피난 안전 의식에 관한 연구)

  • Heo, Jeong-Eun;Na, Wook-Jung;Jeon, Gyu-Yeob;Hong, Won-Hwa
    • Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.310-315
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    • 2006
  • Recently, an apartment has been changed to be high and diverse. In addition, it has been popularized rapidly. The more number of residents are increased, the more danger of the fire is also increased. If residents are in the upper floor when a fire breaks out, they have much longer evacuation path than the usual. What is more, their condition becomes more unstable. so, riskiness of evacuation is very serious. We should set up environment of evacuation safely. Even though some evacuation system is set up , the dangerous situation is more likely to be occurred. Because it depend on the person. If the person in the building don't recognize that system, it's valueless. Therefore it's very important to understand residents' conciousness level which is related to flee for safety in the fire. In this study, we examine into residents' aware safety level by their residential type. And according to this data, let residents know how they escape from danger . As a result, they can get out of danger when a fire breaks out.

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A study on the Means of Egress Codes for Interior Architecture in the United States - Focused on Evacuation Elements in the Interior Architectural Design - (미국의 실내건축 피난 규정에 관한 연구 - 실내건축계획에 있어 피난 요소를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Young-Sung;Cho, Sung-O
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.24-32
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    • 2018
  • The law reflects the situation of the times, understands the society, and shows the will of the state and the community. The Means of Egress should be maintained from design to construction, supervision, as well as use, in order to protect the lives and property of the residents as well as the safe use of the facilities. However, Interior Architects are think that evacuation and safety regulations are complex elements that change frequently and may inhibit the idea of design. The purpose of this study is to propose a design method for the use of safe facilities in the interior architectural design on the evacuation regulations affecting the actual design by the IBC(the International Building Code) and NFPA(National Fire Protection Association) LSC (Life Safety Code). The research method is to investigate and analyze the provisions related to the evacuation of interior architecture in the US and to understand the current regulations and the evacuation regulations. We suggest to design method to the details of the hallway, corridors, aisle accessway, door way, exit path, In particular, the design of furniture, tables and chairs layout that could be obstacles to evacuation situations is presented.

A Study on Improvement According to Korea and China Evacuation Laws in Office Building (오피스 빌딩의 한국과 중국 피난관련 법 검토에 따른 개선 연구)

  • Lee, Byung-Hyun;Lee, Kyung-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 2017
  • In the case of office buildings, domestic and Chinese evacuation laws were compared regarding the evacuation of horizontal and vertical buildings and evacuation to refuge safety areas. A simulation was conducted based on a refuge safety area in China. In the case of evacuating 1 floor, there was no significant difference in the flow of occupants to an ancillary room area in a domestic or Chinese building, but in China, the corridor width was narrower and the occupants have saw a long. In the case of evacuating 15 floors, the flow of occupants to an ancillary room area was different. In the case of China, it was possible for occupants to enter the ancillary room more quickly because the ancillary room area was wider than those found in domestic buildings, allowing quickly passage the ancillary room door. The results of this study found that if corridor width and ancillary room area were wider, evacuation times could be reduced.

Research on Awarness and Improvement of Subway Evacuation Facilities (지하철 피난시설에 대한 시민 인식 조사 및 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Jung Myungjin;Kim Dongsu;Kim Yeongjun;Kim Yein;Lee Soobin;Lee Inkyoung;Jeong Hoseung;Pyun Seoyoung
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.507-516
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    • 2024
  • Through the use and development of underground spaces, subways have become a representative means of transportation in the city center. Due to the extension of subway lines and the increase in the number of subway users, there is a risk that safety for evacuating human lives in case of fire will not be secured. Therefore, this study tried to identify citizens' perceptions of evacuation facilities through questionnaires and find alternatives. An online survey of 115 subway passengers was conducted to learn about citizens' awareness of subway evacuation facilities. As a result of the survey, awareness of evacuation facilities was high in the order of guidance lights, life-saving devices, emergency lights and portable lights, special evacuation stairs, and evacuation stairs. In addition, the majority of the respondents said they were not well aware of evacuation facilities, and people's indifference was the most common cause. As a solution to the lack of awareness, responses to active advertising and promotion, education and experience activities were the highest.

A Study on the Analysis Method of Safety Cost of Tunnel Accident (터널사고 재난 안전비용 분석 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Baek, Chung-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2021
  • This paper analyzed a survey of 388 general target samples to analyze the correlation between disaster safety costs and human risk factor analysis and evacuation behavior due to tunnel accidents. Considering the impact of the tunnel accident on disaster safety costs and the correlation between human evacuation and risk factors in the tunnel environment, the system should be reorganized to reflect the tunnel's basic plan, tunnel cross-section, tunnel installation.

An Analysis of the Transient's Social Behavior in the Radiological Emergency Planning Zone (방사선 비상계획구역에서의 일시거주자의 사회행동 특성 분석)

  • Bang, Sun-Young;Lee, Gab-Bock;Chung, Yang-Geun;Lee, Jae-Eun
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the social behavior, especially, the evacuation-related social behavior, of the transients in the radiological emergency planning zone(EPZ) of nuclear power plants. So, the meaning and kinds of the evacuation and the significance of the trip generation time(TGT) have been reviewed. The characteristics of the social behavior of the transient around Ulchin, Wolsong and Kori sites was analyzed through field surveys by using the questionnaire. The major findings of this research implications are as follows. First, for securing the safe evacuation, the alternatives to effectively provide the information on the evacuation warning may be prepared. Second, it is necessary to establish the education and training of transient's evacuation. Third, it is needed that the cause and background of the evacuation refusal are identified and the new response plan to secure transient's safety is prepared.

Study on Stagnation Factors Analysis and Improvement Methods through an Evacuation Experiment (피난실험을 통한 피난시간 지연요인 분석과 개선방안에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Woon-Hee
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 2018
  • The most urgent requirement in the event of disaster and fire in a skyscraper is to establish a system that enables people inside to evacuate safely. Hence, a practical direction needs to give evacuees confidence in the evacuation by reducing the psychological anxiety caused by the relatively large number of people inside and at the same time, the physically prolonged evacuation travel line. Evacuation tests with large numbers of people were conducted three times to solve these challenges and identify phenomena and issues that occurred during the experiment. The results revealed the factors that could cause a delay in evacuation and suggested improvements. The study results of this paper are as follows. First, a recent fire at a multipurpose high-rise resulted in a number of casualties due to a lack of experience with the disaster prevention system. To prevent such cases from occurring in advance, adaptability was achieved by conducting evacuation tests. Second, the data collected in the evacuation simulation statistics and the actual escape drills were compared and analyzed. Third, in the evacuation experiment, a large number of people could not participate in the experiment. The reasons for not participating were analyzed and their impact on the actual evacuation time was confirmed. Fourth, equipment aids were purchased to establish the optimal response measure to the causes of a delay in escape time and the standards for ensuring the safety of the evacuee were specified by developing improvements to minimize the evacuation delay time through comparative before and after analysis of the experiment. These results can be used for fire safety control of skyscrapers to improve the efficiency of evacuation.