• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the most effective evacuation alarm sound which is the one of the most important element of the evacuation guidance system as a fundamental mechanism to minimize the damages of a fire. In this regard, a survey was conducted against the firefighting officers and the general public with questions about the general awareness of fire and their preference to various kinds of fire alarm sounds. The result showed that 1) even though the awareness of the interviewees on fire was improving while there were in familiar places like homes or works. But, when they were situated in unfamiliar locations, the fire safety awareness could not be deemed to be strong. This in turn calls for the education of the public and improvement of the existing policies for the enhancement of the fire related safety awareness in unfamiliar environments. 2) For the question about the possible time they could survive in a fire or the time required for safe evacuation, it turned out that the interviewees were thinking of the time required for evacuation to be short, which calls for proper actions. 3) When the visibility in a fire situation is highly limited, the most preferred answer for the alarm sound was a female voice, saying "The emergency exit is this way," accompanies with flashing lights of sirens for the emergency evacuation guidance.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.507-516
• /
• 2024

Through the use and development of underground spaces, subways have become a representative means of transportation in the city center. Due to the extension of subway lines and the increase in the number of subway users, there is a risk that safety for evacuating human lives in case of fire will not be secured. Therefore, this study tried to identify citizens' perceptions of evacuation facilities through questionnaires and find alternatives. An online survey of 115 subway passengers was conducted to learn about citizens' awareness of subway evacuation facilities. As a result of the survey, awareness of evacuation facilities was high in the order of guidance lights, life-saving devices, emergency lights and portable lights, special evacuation stairs, and evacuation stairs. In addition, the majority of the respondents said they were not well aware of evacuation facilities, and people's indifference was the most common cause. As a solution to the lack of awareness, responses to active advertising and promotion, education and experience activities were the highest.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.227-240
• /
• 2022

Under the Korean Enforcement Decree of the Building Act, all high story apartment houses more than 5 stories high are mandated to install a fire evacuation system to ensure safe evacuation from fire accidents and providing quick and easy bidirectional escape route when main entrance is blocked by flame or toxic smoke. However, the current fire evacuation system shows a lack of understanding from residents and thus is widely ignored for having insufficient safety functions, especially vis-à-vis fire emergencies. Studies have found that an alternative evacuation method, the escapable fire evacuation system, has been analyzed for safety evaluation compared with the conventional passive fire escape system and can bring efficient and safer solutions, providing high rise residents escape from fire accidents. Evaluation for safety evacuation has been performed by the Fire Dynamics Simulation and applying Pathfinder simulation. This resulted in providing appropriate escape routes within the safety escape time and allowed for people in high rise building fires to get to safety.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.243-251
• /
• 2020

This study is intended to verify the efficiency of the information system by using the navigation application in case of fire. In the demonstration scenario simulation, it was assumed that a fire occurred 6th floor in Korea Institute of Industrial Design Promotion located in C city, K province. Eighty juniors students from K University's department of paramedics of science participated. As a result of the experiment, the demonstration simulation using the navigation application showed that the evacuation time was faster than the case of evacuation guidance in a fire situation. The need for a fire prevention system and fire prevention awareness before and after the implementation of the demonstration scenario simulation increased the need for a fire prevention system and fire prevention awareness score after the experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.53-66
• /
• 2015

This study classified the study subjects as apartment residents and managers, and conducted the descriptive statistics of research questions related to the effectiveness of the lightweight partition walls and the evacuation space. This study also conducted T-test and Anova to find the different perceptions of the lightweight partition walls and the evacuation space, and the different perceptions of related laws according to the characteristics of the residents and managers. The findings and suggestions were as follows. Firstly, strengthening of the Senior Fire Safety Manager system to prevent the insolvency of fire safety management due to the affiliate. Secondly, implementing enhanced penalties in accordance with not implementing residents education, in order to prevent not smoothly delivering manager trained education to residents. Thirdly, adjusting hands-on training time according to the gender of the managers to supplement women's relatively low perceptions of lightweight partition. Fourthly, mandating evacuation guidance stickers on the evacuation space for residents to remove obstacles in the evacuation space. Finally, establishing regular residents education system in order to improve the awareness of the related laws for residents residing over 16th floors.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.244-253
• /
• 2021

This study examined how the fire evacuation induction service system using a smartphone navigation application in the event of a fire affects the fire evacuation time, and the following conclusions were drawn. 1. The evacuation time was reduced by 22 seconds when the navigation application was used in computer scenario simulation. Even in the demonstration simulation, the evacuation time was reduced by 40 seconds when the navigation application was used. This indicates that the navigation application is effective in shortening the evacuation time in case of fire. 2. As a result of the demonstration scenario simulation, the time until the end of evacuation was 39 seconds faster in the case of evacuation guidance than in the case where it was not conducted. 3. No bottlenecks occurred in the evacuation route during the demonstration scenario simulation. As a result, there was a difference in the time required to complete the evacuation between the computer scenario simulation and the demonstration scenario simulation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.14 no.3 s.50
• /
• pp.147-155
• /
• 2005

As multiplex theaters are increasing rapidly in number, concerns over the evacuation process in case of fire emergency are also increasing. The study investigates the users' awareness and recognition of evacuation route by the method of questionnaire, and analyzes the users' behavior in choosing the route by the simulation program called Simulex. Among others, findings indicate a vast majority of the users are unaware of the proper route in the emergency, yet anticipate to evacuate by it, instead of the entry/exit route that they are familiar with. This aspect, however, can be useful to provide the proper route of evacuation for the users, if an appropriate information is given that the entry/exit route is also used as an emergency egress. The simulation shows heavy congestion at the closer evacuation route from the exit, and distinctly less traffic at the farther means of egress. Based on this natural phenomenon, it is suggested that the emergency stair should be nearby and aligned with the exit from auditorium. Although the present building regulation only requires a minimum dimension at each route, there is a need to widen the passageway that is likely to be recognized easily and subsequently overcrowded in case of fire emergency.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2011

In this study, a simulated situation in which the visions of the evacuees were blocked by the smoke, which is one of the most dangerous factors that cause casualties in case of an emergency, was conducted for the evaluation of the performance of an evacuation guidance system. For this purpose, the behavior and time taken by the experiment subjects in simulated evacuation test were measured and analyzed. When the evacuation guidance sound signals were given by 4 speakers at the same time, most of the subject were disoriented and took generally longer in getting to the pre-designated evac point. And, using only one speaker instead of two showed a better result in terms of the evacuation behavior or and orientation. Also, when there were two or more speakers used for the broadcasting of the guidance message, it turned out that using Hass effect, and placing the speakers closer, could result in higher awareness of the guidance message and maintenance of the orientation, while it also made the subjects took short to get to the evac point.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 2015

In early 2011, the Fukushima nuclear power plant had greater damage due to earthquake in Japan, and the awareness of safety has increased. In particular, special response systems should be required to handle disaster situations in plant sites which are likely to occur for large disasters. In this study, a program is designed to set up optimum escape routes, by a smart phone application, when a disaster situation occurs. This program could get information of the cumulative damage from sensors and display the escape route of the smallest damage in real-time on the screen. Utilizing our application in real-time evacuation has advantage in reducing cumulative damage. The optimal evacuation route, focusing on horizontal path, is calculated based on getting the data of fire, detected radioactivity and hazardous gas. Thus, using our application provides information of optimal evacuation to people who even can not hear sensor alarms or do not know geography, without requiring additional costs except fixed sensors or server network deployment cost. As a result, being informed of real-time escape route, the user could behave rapidly with suitable response to individual situation resulting in improved evacuation than simply reacting to existing warning alarms.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.2 s.58
• /
• pp.20-28
• /
• 2005

The existing algorithms or programs of egress time estimations rule out the walking velocity of each single person. But this algorithm can not be applied to estimation of evacuation in a hospital, because most patients are handicapped or walking on various kinds of tools. This study measured the moving velocities of patients according to different types of physical handicap. Also evacuation drills in several hospitals were carried out to establish an algorithm for prediction of total egress time of wards. Besides these measurements awareness of staffs about safety was investigated with the questionnaire. The results of this study is divided into two serial papers.