• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.229-229
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• 2022

Rapeseed is a crop that is waterlogging sensitive, and it is necessary to breed waterlogging tolerance varieties. Our study presents the comparative transcriptome changes in two rapeseed lines, i.e., waterlogging-tolerant (tJ8634-B-30,) and - sensitive ('EMS26') lines under control and waterlogging stress treatments at the flowering stage. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed 13,279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for 'J8634-B-30' and 8,682 DEGs for 'EMS26' under waterlogging stress condition compared to control. Among DEGs of 'J8634-B-30', 6,818 were up-regulated and 6,461 were down-regulated. On the other hand, among the DEGs of 'EMS26', the number of down-regulated genes (5,240) were higher than that of up-regulated genes (3,442). Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that DEGs related to glucan metabolic, cell wall, and oxidoreductase activity were significantly changed in 'J8634-B-30'. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-based analysis in 'J8634-B-30' identified up-regulated DEGs being involved in MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, the DEGs belonging to mechanisms responding to waterlogging stress, i.e., plant hormones, carbon metabolism, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Nitric oxide (NO) etc. were compared in rapeseed lines. Several DEGs including ethylene-responsive transcription factor (ERF), constitutive triple response (CTR) (in ethylene signaling pathway), monodehydroascorbate Reductase (MDAR), NADPH oxidase (in ROS pathway), cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein (COX) (in NO pathway) up-regulated in 'J8634-B-30'. These outcomes provided the valuable information for further exploring the genetic mechanism of waterlogging tolerance in rapeseed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.817-822
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• 2002

Sooting characteristics of counterflow ethylene/propane mixture flames have been experimentally studied to investigate the fuel structure effect on PHM and soot formation. Laser-induced incandescene and laser-induced fluorescene techniques were employed to measure soot volume fraction and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration, respectively. Importance of $C_{3-}$species on PAH growth as well as the H-abstraction-C$_2$ $H_2$addition (HACA) mechanism has been emphasized, considering that PAH growth rate is greater for with mixed fuel than fer pure fuel flames. It was also confirmed that HACA pathways are the dominant soot growth mechanism. A new PAH growth model including both $C_{2-}$ and $C_{3-}$growth mechanisms is proposed based on the experimental results.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.260-262
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• 2004

In agreement with the results of previous MP2 calculations by Sauers, B3LYP, CASSCF, and CASPT2 calculations on the parent 2-carbena-1,3-dioxolane show that it fragments to ethylene plus $CO_2$ by a concerted pathway with only a small energy barrier. Not only is fragmentation via stepwise C-O bond cleavage computed to be a much higher energy pathway, but the singlet diradical that would be an intermediate along such a reaction path is not even computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.218.2-219
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• 2003

2-Hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde (HMS) to an enol form of 4-oxalocrotonate which is a step in the catechol-meta cleavage pathway. A tomC gene encoding 2-HMS dehydrogenase of Burkholderia cepacia G4, a soil bacterium that can grow on toluene, cresol, phenol or tricholoro ethylene, is identified in between catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene and HMS hydrolase gene, its sequence is analysed and the enzyme is characterised. (omitted)

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2012

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a known tumor-promoting phorbol ester, activates the signal transduction enzyme protein kinase C (PKC) in animal cells. We investigated the effect of PMA on the regulation of gravitropism via ethylene production in primary roots of maize. PMA stimulated root growth and the gravitropic response in a concentration-dependent manner at $10^{-6}$ M and $10^{-4}$ M over 8 hrs. These effects were prevented by treatment with staurosporine (STA), a potent inhibitor of PKC. These results support the possibility that the gravitropic response might be regulated through protein kinases that are involved in the signal transduction system. Ethylene is known to play a role in the regulation of root growth and gravitropism. Ethylene production was increased by about 26% and 37% of the control rate in response to $10^{-6}$ M and $10^{-4}$ M PMA, respectively. PMA also stimulated the activity of ACC synthase (ACS), which converts the S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in the ethylene production pathway. These effects on ethylene production were also prevented by STA treatment. These results suggest that the root gravitropic response in maize is regulated through protein kinases via ethylene production.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

In this study, to increase flame retardation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in burning, bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP), a well known flame retardant containing phosphorous, was reacted on end groups of PET by radical pathway. End-capping mechanism of PET with BDP was suggested and confirmed by spectroscopic and thermal analysis. From 400 MHz $^{31}P$ solid state FT-NMR spectrum of end-capped PET (PET-BDP), phosphorus spectra peak in BDP was found at ca. -20 ppm. Furthermore, P-C bond stretching vibration peaks were found ca. $600cm^{-1}$ in FT-IR spectrums of PET-BDP. These results showed that BDP can be chemically added on end groups of PET by our method. Thermal characteristics of pure PET (pPET) and PET-BDP were measured and evaluated by TGA analysis. There was not significant changes in thermal characteristics of PET-BDP compared to that of pPET.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2012

To improve flame retardation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) against burning, resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) (RDP), phosphorous containing flame retardant, was incorporated into PET backbone by radical reaction pathway. Radical endcapping of PET with RDP was confirmed by spectroscopic and thermal analysis. From 400 MHz $^{31}P$ solid state FT-NMR spectrum of PET with RDP (PET-RDP), phosphorus spectra peak in RDP was found at ca. -10 ppm. Furthermore, P-C bond stretching vibration peaks were found ca. $530cm^{-1}$ in FT-IR spectrums of PET-RDP. These results indicated that RDP can be chemically bound at the ends of PET by radical addition method. Thermal characteristics of pure PET (pPET) and PET-RDP were measured and evaluated by TGA thermal analysis. There was not significant changes in thermal characteristics of PET-RDP compared to that of pPET.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2024

Glycerol dehydrogenase (GlyDH) plays a crucial role in the glycerol metabolism pathway by catalyzing the oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone (DHA). Previous studies of GlyDH have predominantly focused on unraveling the structural features of the active site and its binding interactions with ligand. However, the structural details of GlyDH in complex with both NAD⁺ and the substrate bound have remained elusive. In this study, we present the crystal structures of Klebsiella pneumoniae GlyDH (KpGlyDH) in the absence and presence of NAD⁺ at a resolution of 2.1 Å. Notably, both structures reveal the binding of the substrate, ethylene glycol, to the zinc ion. Interestingly, a significant change in the coordination number of the zinc ion is observed, with three in the absence of NAD⁺ and four in its presence. These findings shed light on the structural aspects of GlyDH and its interactions with NAD⁺ and the substrate.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a wide range of root-colonizing bacteria with the capacity to enhance plant growth and control plant pathogens. Here we review recent progress that indicate some PGPR strains release a blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that promote growth in Arabidopsis seedlings and induce resistance against Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. In particular, the volatile components 2,3-butanediol and acetoin released exclusively from the PGPR strains triggered the greatest level of growth promotion and induced systemic resistance. Pharmacological applications of 2,3-butanediol promoted the plant growth and induced resistance, while bacterial mutants blocked in 2,3-butanediol and acetoin synthesis was devoid of growth-promotion and induced resistance capacities. The results suggested that the bacterial VOCs play a critical role in the plant growth promotion and induced resistance by PGPR. Using transgenic and mutant lines of Arabidopsis, we provide evidences that the signal pathway activated by volatiles from one PGPR strain is dependent on cyto-kinin activation for growth promotion and dependent on an ethylene-signaling pathway for induced pathogen resistance. This discovery provides new insight into the role of bacterial VOCs as initiators of both plant growth promotion and defense responses in plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2002

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers on a metal substrate by an ethylene fueled inverse diffusion flame was illustrated. Stainless steel plates were used for the catalytic metal substrate. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nanofibers with a diameter range of 30-80nm were found on the substrate. The temperature of the substrate played an important role in the formation of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers. The pathway to the nanotubes and nanofibers could be determined by the temperature history of the substrate.