• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2010

Purpose: Drug-induced non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema has been reported on in a drug case series. For most of the agents that cause pulmonary edema, the pathogenic mechanisms that are responsible for the pulmonary edema remain unknown. We report here on the cases of suspected drug-induced pulmonary edema and we analyze the clinical characteristics. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 1,345 patients who had drug adverse effects and drug poisoning from January 2005 to July 2010, and 480 of these patients were admitted to the EM Department. Among them, 17 patients developed abnormal chest radiological findings and they were analyzed for any clinical characteristics, the initial symptoms, securing the airway and the clinical results. Results: Seventeen patients out of 480 (3.54%) developed drug-induced abnormal chest radiographic pulmonary edema; they displayed initial symptoms that included mental change (41.2%), dyspnea (17.6%), vomiting (11.8%), etc, and some displayed no symptoms at all (11.8%). Only 3 patients out of the 11 who died or had severe pulmonary edema were able to obtain an advanced airway prior to their arrival to the EM Department. Clinical recovery was generally rapid and this was mostly completed within 6 hours. The mortality rate was 11.8% (2 of 17 patients), and the causative drugs were found to be propofol (35.3%, 6 of 17 patients), multiple drugs (41.2% or 7 out of 17) and one patient each with ephedrine, ethylene glycol, doxylamine and an unknown drug, respectively. Conclusion: Drug-induced pulmonary edema and deaths are not uncommon, and recovery is typically rapid with few long-term sequelae when drug administration is discontinued. Oxygen therapy and securing the airway must be performed during transportation for patients with pulmonary edema.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.450-457
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• 2021

Upconversion (UC) properties of Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ spherical particles synthesized by spray pyrolysis were investigated by changing the dopant concentration and calcination temperature. Citric acid (CA), ethylene glycol (EG) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were used to control the microstructure of Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ particles. In terms of achieving the highest UC green emission intensity, the optimal concentrations of Ho³⁺ and Yb³⁺ were found to be 0.3% and 3.0%, respectively. In addition, the UC intensity of Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ showed a linear relationship with the crystallite size. The use of organic additives allows Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ particles to have a spherical and dense structure, resulting in significantly reducing the surface area while maintaining high crystallinity. As a result, the UC emission intensity of Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ particles having a dense structure showed the UC emission intensity about 3.8 times higher than that of hollow particles prepared without organic additives. From those results, when Y₂O₃:Ho³⁺/Yb³⁺ particles are prepared by the spray pyrolysis process, the use of the CA/EG/DMF mixtures as organic additives has been suggested as an effective way to substantially increase the UC emission intensity.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2019

In this study, $TiO_2$ nanotubes with different morphologies were prepared in the electrolyte consisting of ethylene glycol, ammonium fluoride($NH_4F$), and deionized water($H_2O$) by controlling the voltage and time in the anodization method. Thicknesses and pore sizes of these $TiO_2$ nanotubes were measured to interpret the relationship between anodization conditions and $TiO_2$ nanotube morphologies. Element contents in the $TiO_2$ nanotubes were detected for further analysis of $TiO_2$ nanotube characteristics. Photoelectrolyticdecolorization efficiencies of the $TiO_2$ nanotube plates with various morphologies were tested to clarify the morphology that a highly active $TiO_2$ nanotube plate should have. Influences of applied voltage in photoelectrolysis processes and sodium sulfate($Na_2SO_4$) concentration in wastewater on the decolorization efficiency were also studied. To save the equipment investment cost in photoelectrolysis methods, a two-photoelectrode system that uses the $TiO_2$ nanotube plates as photoanode and photocathode instead of adding other counter electrodes was studied. Compared with single-photoelectrode system that uses the $TiO_2$ nanotube plate as photoanode and titanium plate as cathode on the view of the treatment of dye wastewater containing different amounts of salt. As a result, a considerably suitable voltage was strictly needed for enhancing the photoelectrolyticdecolorization effect of the two-photoelectrode system but if salts exist in wastewater, an excellent increase in the decolorization efficiency can be obtained.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2021

바지락 발생배의 냉동보존을 위한 동해방지제의 효과를 규명하기 위하여4종의 보존액, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, glycerol 및 1,2-propanediol을 사용하여 발생배의 생존율을 조사한 결과로, 생존율의 범위는 0-64.3%였고, 대조구의 생존율은 82.3%을 보였다. 발생배의 냉동보존을 위한 프로그래 동결 과정은 최초 25℃에서 10분 동안 유지하다가 자동 냉동보존 프로그램 장치에 의하여 -12℃까지 분당 -1℃씩 조정하였으며 -35℃까지는 분당 -2℃씩 하강시켜 액체 질소통에 스트로우를 넣어 해동 후 관찰한 결과, 바지락 생존율은 DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) 2.0M 실험구에서 64.3%로 가장 좋은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2021

온도, pH, 빛 및 힘 등의 외부 자극에 반응하여 그 구조나 물리 화학적 특성이 변화 가능한 자극 감응형 하이드로젤에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 응력 감응형 분자인 스피로피란을 사용하여 응력 및 pH 감응형 하이드로젤을 제조하였다. 먼저, 폴리에틸렌 다이아크릴레이트(PEGDA)를 스피로피란 분자 양 끝에 접목시켜, 수용액에 쉽게 용해될 뿐만 아니라 하이드로젤 가교제 역할이 가능한 아령모양(PEG-spiropyran-PEG)의 SP-PEGDA 분자를 합성하였다. 이렇게 합성한 SP-PEGDA로 가교된 하이드로젤은 팽윤에 의해 발생하는 내부 응력에 의해 노란색의 스피로피란(SP) 분자를 보라색의 메로사인(MC) 형태로 변환시켰다. 또한 pH에 따라 양성화된 메로사인(MCH) 형태로 변환하여 팽윤과 수축을 시각화 하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2022

본 연구는 미세유체기술을 기반으로 매우 간단하고 효율적인 단분산성 하이드로젤 마이크로 입자 제조 방법을 제안하였다. 구체적으로, 유리모세관 미세유체장치 내에서 형성된 이중에멀젼은 자외선기반 자유라디칼 중합에 의해 빠르게 고형화가 이루어진다. 수용액에 분산됨과 동시에 계면활성제의 부족으로 인해 얇은 오일쉘은 자발적으로 분리되어, 단분산성 하이드로젤 입자를 형성하였다(C.V.=1%). 본 연구의 결과는 water-in-oil (w/o) 단일에멀젼 기반의 제조 방법과 달리 오일 부피를 최소한으로 사용하여 크기 및 조성 제어가 가능한 단분산성 하이드로젤 입자의 제조가 달성될 수 있음을 보여준다. 마지막으로, 상도표를 기반으로 미세유체장치 내 유동 패턴에 대한 심층 연구는 상대적인 부피 유속들 간의 중요한 상관관계를 나타내며 하이드로젤 마이크로 입자의 안정적인 제조를 위한 실험적 근거를 제시하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2022

아연은 인체에 유해한 카드뮴을 대체하여 금속재료에 수소가스가 침투하거나 금속재료 내부로부터 수소가 누출되는 것을 방지하기 위한 친환경 코팅 재료로 주목받고 있다. 일반적으로 수성 및 산성 분위기에서 수행되는 아연(Zn) 및 아연 합금의 전기도금은 낮은 쿨롱 효율, 부식 및 수소 누출과 같은 단점이 있어 산업적 이용이 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 염화콜린과 에틸렌글리콜을 이용하여 Deep-eutectic solvent를 합성하고 이를 용매로 사용하여 아연 도금용 전해질을 제조하여 STS 304 기판 위에 전기 도금하였다. 주사전자현미경(SEM)과 원자힘현미경(AFM)을 이용하여 표면 미세구조와 조도를 관찰하였다. X선회절분석(XRD)을 이용하여 도금 막의 결정구조를 분석하였다. 마지막으로 수소를 주입한 STS 304 기판에 최적화된 Zn 도금액을 코팅한 시료의 수소 방출 방지 효과를 분석하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Objectives : Amyloid ${\beta}(A{\beta})$ could induce cognitive deficits through oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuron death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study was investigated the effect of Angelica keiskei KOIDZUMI (AK) on memory in $A{\beta}$-induced an AD model. Methods : AK was extracted uses 70% ethanol solvent. Total polyphenol and flavonoids content were obtained by the Folin-Ciocalteu and the Ethylene glycol colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant activities were assessed through free radical scavenging assays using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods. Intracerebroventrical (i.c.v) injection of $A{\beta}$ 1-42 was used to induce AD in male ICR mice, followed by administrations of 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg AK on a daily. Animals were subjected to short and long term memory behavior in Y-maze and passive avoidance test. Results : The total polyphenol and flavonoids contents of the AK extract were $88.73{\pm}6.36mg$ gallic acid equivalent/g, $84.21{\pm}5.04mg$ rutin equivalent/g, respectively. The assays of DPPH and ABTS revealed that AK extract in treated concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) increased antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of AK extract significantly reversed the $A{\beta}$ 1-42-induced decreasing of the spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and $A{\beta}$ 1-42-induced shorting of the step-through latency in the passive avoidance test. Conclusions : The findings suggest that AK indicated the antioxidant protective effects against $A{\beta}$-induced memory deficits, and therefore a potential lead natural therapeutic drug or agent for AD.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.247-261
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• 2022

Ketosis is associated with high milk yield during lactating or insufficient feed intake in lactating dairy cows. However, few studies have been conducted on the metabolomics of ketosis in Korean lactating dairy cows. The present study aimed to investigate the serum and urine metabolites profiling of lactating dairy cows through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy and comparing those between healthy (CON) and subclinical ketosis (SCK) groups. Six lactating dairy cows were categorized into CON and SCK groups. All experimental Holstein cows were fed total mixed ration. Serum and urine samples were collected from the jugular vein of the neck and by hand sweeping the perineum, respectively. The metabolites in the serum and urine were determined using ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. Identification and quantification of metabolites was performed by Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software. Metabolites statistical analysis was performed by Metaboanalyst version 5.0 program. In the serum, the acetoacetate level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the SCK group than in the CON group, and whereas acetate, galactose and pyruvate levels tended to be higher. CON group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of 5-aminolevulinate and betaine. Indole-3-acetate, theophylline, p-cresol, 3-hydroxymandelate, gentisate, N-acetylglucosamine, N-nitrosodimethylamine, xanthine and pyridoxine levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the urine of the SCK group than that in the CON group, which had higher levels of homogentisate, ribose, gluconate, ethylene glycol, maltose, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate and glycocholate. Some significantly (p < 0.05) different metabolites in the serum and urine were associated with ketosis diseases, inflammation, energy balance and body weight. This study will be contributed useful a future ketosis metabolomics studies in Korea.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.501-519
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• 2003

Silk Sericin(SS) is a natural protein extracted from cocoon of bombix mori and shows moisturizing effect to the skin due to a number of hydroxyl groups in the structure. But its application to cosmetics is limited due to its poor solubility in water. In order to solve this drawback and expand its application to cosmetics, polyethyleneglycol(PEG) was conjugated with sericin by reacting activated polyethyleneglycol(ActPEG). Reaction site of sericin is tyrosine residue, which was determined by using $^1$H-NMR. Random coil structure of sericin was transformed to beta-sheet structure by conjugating polyethyleneglycol. It was confirmed that melting point of sericin-PEG conjugate was lowered compared to that of each sericin and PEG due to the interaction between sericin and PEG in crystalline structure. Self-assembled sericin-PEG nanoparticle was obtained by dialyzing with alcohol solution of sericin-PEG conjugate against water. The particle is spherical and has 200-400nm of size. The moisturizing ability of sericin-PEG nanoparticle was much higher than that of sericin itself. Incorporation of vitamin A into sericin-PEG nanoparticle was carried out by diafiltration method. The content of incorporated Vitamin A in sericin-PEG nanoparticle was 8.9 wt％. Releasing behaviour of vitamin A incorporated into nanoparticle was tested in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 at 37$^{\circ}C$. and half-life of Vitamin A release was 43hrs. Sericin-PEG nanoparticle exhibited higher moisturing effect than sericin itself and distilled water, respectively. No toxicity and irritation were observed in animal tests. It can be expected that the self-assembled sericin-PEG nanoparticle can be developed for cosmetics.