• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.6 s.59
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• pp.919-933
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• 2005

This study goes into the field of CosPlay that takes place in Korea, and directly observes the people who engage in CosPlays. Based on in-depth interviews, this research identified the reasons why the CosPlay aficionados participate in this practice and their cultural preferences. Ethnography methodology was used to understand the behavior of the cultural entities of CosPlays. Moreover, this research attempted to understand their daily formalities through their own perspective and language instead of superficial language. In general, CosPlay form that they manifest is classified into two main categories: those who enjoy posing by becoming their favorite characters and those like to wear the clothes of their favorite characters and go up on the stage to perform an act of animation or game where the applicable character appears. Some of these groups are: 1) 'Bishojo CosPlay' that CosPlays mostly Bishojo cartoon characters and wants to just stand out, 2) 'Aekyo' group that CosPlays merely for the sake of the enjoyment of wearing costumes instead of having the mania-like characteristics, 3) 'CosPlayer Group' who enjoy doing organized team CosPlay in order to present a performance, 4) 'J-Rock CosPlay' group that CosPlay Japanese visual rock groups and prepare to be among a professional CosPlay team, and 5) 'People related to Cospre.com' who try to make CosPlay rooted in as one of new cultures.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.19-36
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to identify the consumer roles-gainer, allocator, buyer, user and disposer- of middle school students. The methodology that has been applied to this study was an ethnography study based on in-depth interviews with ten middle schoolers selected in Changwon, Gyeongnam. The result of this study is as follows; First, as gainers, teenagers usually gained their money from their parents. Because this tends to be not periodical, allowance education should be performed to both parents and teenagers. Second, as allocators, teenagers allocated most of their money in entertaining, shopping, traveling, leaving small amount of money for saving. Thorough education supported by school and home should be held for efficient and balanced allocation of acquired allowance. Third, teenagers as buyer should be encouraged to examine carefully in their buying goods and services thus increasing their ability in solving problems related to consume. Fourth, due to the fact that teenagers' role as user is very feeble, educations related to usually consumed products and consuming environments should be strengthened. Fifth, N generation's internet-based character is reflected in disposer rules so education for better disposal in internet world should be needed. Conclusively, education for teenagers' role as consumer will be efficient is linked with school, home, and society thus providing better standard for consumers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.713-725
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• 1993

This paper presents methodological paradigms : quantitative positivistic (logical empiricism) as the received tradition in the scientific inquiry and qualitative naturalistic (post -positivism or nataralism) as a new paradigm in the Kuhnian sense. Various kind of qualitative methods under the umbrella term, qualitative inquiry, were briefly introduced. Details on the definition, epistemology, naming of subject, field technique (participant observation and ethnographic interview) of ethnographic research method as an adequate method for studying on the unique nursing phenomena in Korean culture were done. Besides, the concept of triangulation, issues on the methododogical paradigm, a criteria for rigor of qualitative naturalistic inquiry were mentioned.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.890-900
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience the Nightingale pledge rituals of nursing students. Rituals are how people have always passed on their value system to the young, the next generation. Data were collected using focus group interviews and participant observations from 2012 to 2014. First researchers attended and observed Nightingale pledge rituals. And the three focus group interviews were held with a total 22 nursing students participating. All interviews were recorded and transcribed as they were spoken, and data was analyzed using ethnography methodology. The results were the participants experienced the nurse identity and connectedness with others through Nightingale pledge rituals. Also, they experienced "a river that can't be crossed,", thus go through a transition stage such as a rite of passage with a firm determination on their nursing career. The Nightingale pledge rituals allowed to the nursing students close relationship and the sense of community by going through ritual procedures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.48-62
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• 2015

Practice is essential in art and design. Through practice, artists gain tacit knowledge that is hard to acquire from conventional academic studies. This paper characterizes practice-led research in the study of fashion and textile design through the investigation of practice-led research theses in the UK. According to relevant literature, which includes four exemplary case studies, the following features can be drawn: First, the methodology is different in each case and the use of practice is unconventional. Second, the research is not always aimed at making products. Third, the structure follows an iterative process. Fourth, the ratios of theory and practice are different and various theories are used. Fifth, a personal journal or diary is used for reflection as a major aid to research. Lastly, the process should be recorded by a thorough academic method. Practice-led research can have unexpected outcomes in theory and practice. It can be a good option for fashion practice research to develop a better evaluation method and reduce the gap between subjectivity and objectivity.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.329-337
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• 2007

Purpose: Increasing numbers of Koreans have immigrated to the United States since the late 1960s. The first generation of Korean immigrants or their parents become old and institutionalized in American nursing home setting. Although the Korean elders would experience many cultural differences in the nursing home, no study to date has investigated their everyday lives on how they live through their later lives within a different cultural environment from their own. Methods: Using ethnographic methodology, the purpose of this paper was to illustrate Korean residents' experiences and daily lives in a nursing home located in an east coastal city in the U.S. Participant observation, filed notes, semi-structured interviews were utilized by means of data collection. Eighteen Korean residents were observed, and five of them and two nurses participated in informal qualitative interviews. Results: The overriding theme from the findings is "thrown in a different world." Three sub-themes include "constant struggles in making themselves understood", "dealing with culturally inappropriate nursing care," and "maintaining their own ways of life". Conclusions: The discovered themes reflect culturally isolated lives of the participants and open a venue for designing a culturally congruent nursing care for Korean elders living in the U.S. nursing homes.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.474-479
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• 2006

교수학습 사이트는 교과 교육 지원이라는 특성상 그 서비스 개선에 있어서 사용자 중심적 디자인이 특히 요구된다. 기존 웹사이트 개선 연구는 단순히 웹사이트와 사용자 간의 인터랙션에서 발생하는 문제점에 초점을 맞추어 왔는데 사용자의 근본적인 니즈를 발견하고 만족시키기 위해서는 웹사이트 사용 정황의 이해라는 보다 확대된 개념에서의 접근이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 웹사이트의 문제점 발견 및 사용자의 근본적 니즈 파악을 위하여 오프라인과 온라인 환경에 걸친 사용자 경험 관찰 프로세스를 기획하고 교수학습 사이트 서비스 개선을 위해 이를 적용하였다. 사이트 비지팅(Site Visiting), 비디오 에쓰노그라피(Video Ethnography), 사용자 다이어리 및 셀프카메라(User diary and Self camera), 그리고 인터뷰 기법이 현장 조사에서 이용되었으며 원격 사용성 평가 소프트웨어를 활용한 사용성 평가 및 카드소팅 테스트가 온라인 환경에서 진행되었다. 관찰 후 분석을 통해 교수학습 사이트의 새로운 컨텐츠 및 서비스 방향을 도출할 수 있었으며 웹사이트 사용자 경험 관찰 방법론 정립에의 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.688-699
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• 1999

This study was to find out the perceptions of toward death and caring behavior of lay persons in one community : One Island in Puan County, Chonbuk. The methodology of this study was ethnography. For this study, the fieldwork was conducted from October 1997 to July 1998. Data collected by in-depth interview and participant observations. The participants consisted fo were 17 persons of both sexes. The key informants were four specific people. The result of this study is as follows ; The people perceived two different kinds of death. Normal death, which means death from old age. The person was respected as an ancestor God and was believed to exist forever with their offspring. Abnormal death was regarded as negative, many had fears toward this kind of death. The causes of abnormal death were supernatural phenomena and had absolute holy meanings. Whether death was good or bad, the death was not personal, but collective events as family or community affairs and was interpreted as death and birth for their offsprings. Funeral rites were family-centered and/or com munity-centered. They did normal procedures for normal deaths for abnormal deaths, there were many protective ceremonies(BuJungMagi : the prevention of the taboo of uncleanliness) for the remaining people. These ceremonies combined confucism and shamanism. Caring behavior for dying persons was ruled as community-centered, reciprocal and reality-centered principles.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.191-202
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• 2006

Recently the market environment surrounding business firms has been remarkably changed due to the increasing variety of consumption value and taste. On account of technological gap becoming narrower among business firms, the most important thing is for the soft value, such as that of emotional and subjective factors, in order for business firms to be able to create such strategic positioning, for which business firms should first look carefully into latent needs and values of the consumers. Since such products possessing those factors are able to supply the consumers with an appropriate value in attractive forms and meanings, new product development for the valuable products initiates a very important strategic action for securing the strategic positioning. The purpose of this paper is to study the strategic position and role of design in new product development strategy. Design has become the momentous competence of an enterprise in the most recent. Design performs its strategic role as a bridge between a business firm and the consumers. Consumers perceive value added by their purchase of products with attractive designs offered by business firms and, then, satisfy their emotional and subjective value with the products. This study, however, reviewed a new angle on the role of design as an implement for discovering consumers' latent needs and values which could be main factors for obtaining the strategic positioning. In other words, this study intended to suggest a new strategic role of design as value suppliers in new product development strategy for firms formulating and implementing their business strategies. For the new angle on the role of design, this study discussed a new approach of design strategy and intended to formulate its system first. And then, it suggested a general idea for strategic design analysis and its methodology, ethnography, as a strategic value creator. Finally, the suitability and usefulness of strategic design analysis for new product development strategy was discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.194-201
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• 2000

The propose of the study is to try to support the practice of caring suitable for our cultural emotion by cognating the meaning of caring related to health which is melted in korean culture. Concrete purposes were as followings; to first, confirm the caring of civilian in Kangwon-do, to secondly search the caring in the traditional culture idea, and to thirdly present the conceptual frame about the caring. The methodology of this research is the ethnography to use the depth interview and the participative observation. The geographical area of this research was in Wichon-ri, Songsan- myon, Study participants were, 6men and 18women, totally 24 persons. Their average age was 72.6 years old. The period of data collection was from January, 1998 to April, 1999, which original data became saturation. Data collection was done after accept allowance of the participants, their stories were recorded in cassettee, by the way of the Spradley analysis was applied and adjusted. The results which was analyized as domain, category and property were as following; First, the category was the life serving other persons, which is the for mind, the benefiting one, the comprehensive one, the respective one, on soon. Second, the category was the controling life, and its property was the moderate mind, that is, vegetables were tried to be fed moderately, pleasantly and comfortable. Thirdly, the category was the eagerness life, and the properties were diligent mind, and mind which accomplished the complete resposibility. Fourth, the category was a happy life, and the properties were positive mind, satisfying one, thankful one, one of their ancestors benefit, and supplicatory one. Fifth, the category was the accepting life, and the properties were the submissive mind, resign one. Sixth, the category was the joint life all together and the properties were the harmonized mind, and the mutual helping one. Seventh, the category was the ruling life, and the properties were the pure mind, the ones which controls the body, the mind, the nature; which could surely confirmed the source of the life that lived with the nature, the native idea of our people. Eighth, the category was the retaining life, and the properties were the inherits the native custom, and the one that keep public morals. According to the result of examining the caring in ethnography, the general caring was performed the conceptual frame about the caring which is related to health was found in the principle of consideration, harmony, compliance, and transcendence.