• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.57
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• pp.183-215
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• 2017

This study analyzes Korean childcare policy from a caring democracy perspective by using the normative policy analysis method. In the midst of emergent new social risks engendered by low fertility and aging population, feminist scholars proposed a transformative paradigm shift from economic growth to caring oriented development on a macro scale but researches on how this grand principle can be reflected into each policy have hardly been discussed. Thus, this study intends to contribute to such policy-driven discussion by analysing childcare policy on the basis of three normative values of freedom, equality and justice re-interpreted by caring democracy theory. Following are key findings. First, childcare policy does not guarantee public value and social solidarity due to the limitations of free choice from the perspective of freedom. Secondly, gender and class stratification has been worsened in a multiple and more complicated way by adding generational and racial dimensions to the existing gender inequality and vicious circulation of private care is observed from equality perspective. Thirdly, structural inequality aggravated injustice previously accumulated in the past rather than providing flat ground by adjustment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8211-8214
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• 2016

Background: Having a conscience is one of the main pre-requisite of providing nursing care. The knowledge regarding levels of conscience among nurses in eastern countries is limited. So, the purpose of this study was to examine the level of conscience and its related factors among Iranian oncology nurses. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 3 hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Overall, 68 nurses were selected using a non-probability sampling method. The perceptions of conscience questionnaire was used to identify the levels of conscience among nurses. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. Results: The mean nurses' level of conscience scores was 72.7. In the authority and asset sub-scales nurses acquired higher scores. The mean of nurses' scores in burden and depending on culture sub-scales were the least. Also, there were no statistical relationship between some demographic characteristics of participants and their total score on the perceptions of conscience questionnaire. Conclusions: According to study findings Iranian nurses had high levels of conscience. However, understanding all the factors that affect nurses' perception of conscience requires further studies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation instrument integrated and interdisciplinary death education for the human service areas such as nursing, social welfare, and education and to test the reliability and validity of it. Method: The subjects used to verify the instrument's reliability and validity were 407 students who were enrolled in the departments of nursing, social welfare, and education in universities located in Seoul, Pusan, Daegu, and Daejeon. The data was collected from April to May, 2005, and was analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12. Result: A factor analysis was conducted. Items with over a .40 factor loading and over a 1.0 eigen value were selected. Nine identified factors were learning about death, role of professionals, personal attitudes, hospice care, ethics and legal issues, death and dying, spiritual aspect of' death, transcultural aspect of death, and multidisciplinary theory of death. The instrument consisted of 44 items and the reliability was a cronbach's of .953 Conclusion: Based on the study results, the content scale developed in this study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.503-513
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (KESQ-NS). Methods: The participants were 138 nursing students who have experience in clinical practice. The Korean version of ESQ-NS (KESQ-NS) was examined using content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and testing of internal consistency reliability. Data were collected from November to December of 2019 through an online-survey. Results: The KESQ-NS that was composed of 13 items was divided into three dimensions: Critical understanding of the patient, patient holistic care, patient privacy, and confidentiality. The instrument explained 67.9% of the total variance for ethical sensitivity. Cronbach's α was .88. Conclusion: The KESQ-NS showed good validity and reliability. This instrument can be used to evaluate ethical sensitivity in nursing students in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1499-1506
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• 2012

Animal welfare has become a growing concern affecting acceptability of agricultural systems in many countries around the world. An earlier Judeo-Christian interpretation of the Bible (1982) that dominion over animals meant that any degree of exploitation was acceptable has changed for most people to mean that each person has responsibility for animal welfare. This view was evident in some ancient Greek writings and has parallels in Islamic teaching. A minority view of Christians, which is a widespread view of Jains, Buddhists and many Hindus, is that animals should not be used by humans as food or for other purposes. The commonest philosophical positions now, concerning how animals should be treated, are a blend of deontological and utilitarian approaches. Most people think that extremes of poor welfare in animals are unacceptable and that those who keep animals should strive for good welfare. Hence animal welfare science, which allows the evaluation of welfare, has developed rapidly.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.145-160
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• 2009

The most famous thought of Dongjungseo's must be 'the Sky-Earth Response Theory.' The theory includes the Same 'Gi' Correspondence(the Same Category Homology) and explains the relationship between the nature and the men based on Yin-Yang. This theory, commonly studied by the scholars of the political science, however, has been constituting the foundation of the oriental medicine. Also, he insists many other theories related to Yin-Yang including the natural calamity, the treatise of human nature, the name and reality, and the national school of Confucianism, etc. This paper covers the Yin-Yang theory, particularly with regard to ethics. politics, human nature of Dongjungseo, and the comparison of his Yin-Yang and that of the Emperor Inner Cannon. Dongjungseo insists on the harmony of Yin-Yang just only in the area of health care, excluding other areas such as state and family governance. However, in contrast, he asserts the Yang central idea for what he defined as the order of a family, a society and a state. This presents his contradiction and logicality. In the last part of this paper, his logical flaws would be discussed and analysed. However, he is a lucky scholar, because his Yang central idea has been successfully governing peoples for a long time, despite such imperfection and contradiction in his studies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.679-691
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was aimed at identifying the types of perceptions of ethical issues among perioperative nurses. Methods: Q-methodology focusing on individual subjectivity was used with data collected in November 2016. Thirty-four Q-statements were selected and scored by the 35 participants on a 9-point scale with normal distribution. Participants were perioperative nurses working in advanced general hospitals and general hospitals. The data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: A total of 35 perioperative nurses were classified into 4 factors based on the following viewpoints: self-centered (type 1), onlooking and avoiding (type 2), patient-centered (type 3), and problem-centered (type 4). The 4 factors accounted for 57.84% of the total variance. Individual contributions of factors 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 41.80%, 7.18%, 5.20%, and 3.66%, respectively. Conclusion: The major contribution of this study is the clarification of perioperative nurses' subjective perceptions of ethical issues. These findings can be used in formulating effective strategies for nursing educators, professional nurses, and nursing administrators to improve ethical decision-making abilities and to perform ethical nursing care by the appropriate management of ethical issues in everyday nursing practice.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.156-166
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• 2016

Medical school students learn a lot about medical knowledge and clinical experience in the classroom. Teaching is a main focus in medical schools; therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of good teaching. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of high-quality education in medical schools. In this study, in-depth interviews were conducted over two weeks on twelve fourth-year medical students. Participants were asked to define high-quality education, list the general ways in which high-quality classes are delivered, mention cases where they have experienced high-quality teaching, and describe the attitude required of students to make high-quality education possible. The results showed that students want to be taught in an interactive way on the core content needed in an actual clinical setting for the goal of cultivating primary care physicians. They want their education to include not only medical knowledge, but also liberal art subjects such as politics, economics, sociology, culture and ethics education to help instill a sound value system. In particular, students stressed the importance of instructors delivering appropriate post-evaluation feedback, and they also emphasized that learner mindset and attitude is important in supporting high-quality teaching in class. This paper also summarizes the elements of high-quality teaching in terms of educational goals, content, and method, and examines cases of instructors who have delivered high-quality classes.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.319-345
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• 2018

Effective higher educational management in undergraduate nursing programs is an important issue from the viewpoint of stakeholders. This qualitative research aimed to examine the characteristics of nursing students and curriculum development of undergraduate nursing education from the opinions of Boromarajonani College of Nursing Saraburi, Thailand stakeholders. The population included 4 groups: 1) the alumni who have graduated within the past 5 years and currently work in primary, secondary, and tertiary care units, 2) the supervisors and colleagues of the alumni, 3) nursing lecturers, and 4) the current nursing students. The respondents who are the alumni, nursing lecturers, and current nursing student were selected using a purposive sampling, for the supervisors and colleagues were selected using snowball techniques. Semi-structured interview questions were used for data collection. Group discussions were conducted until saturation on 55 key informants. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. Results showed the viewpoints of stakeholders on the characteristics of future nurse graduates were comprised of four elements: knowledge that meets standards; essential skills for self-development and lifelong learning process; good morals and professional ethics in providing nursing care; and nurse competencies in teamwork, communication, language, research, management, IT, life skills, and global literacy. The viewpoints on the development of the nursing curriculum focus on four elements: the learner, teaching and learning, course content, and instructor tasks. For learners, the admission criteria should include a minimum not only of knowledge, but also positive attitude, science, and art skills, since the nursing profession is both a science and the art of caring. Teaching and learning elements should be authentic, including exposure to real situations, an integrated network, and activities that improve nursing care. Course content was comprised of an updated curriculum, humanized nursing care, student center, theory and practice with moral integration, case-based study, critical thinking, multidisciplinary work, and love for the nursing profession. Instructor tasks are to elicit student ideas, provide opportunities to learn, support infrastructure, support technology use, and extra-curricular activities to develop the competencies of nursing students. Recommendations were that the curriculum administration should review the selection process of student candidates and instructional management to achieve expected outcomes of nursing characteristics in the future. The nurse lecturer should provide authentic and integrated instruction, decrease lecturing, cultivate a lifelong learning process, and sustain the nursing characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.76-93
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define the core components required of nurses to provide quality nursing care to patients and analyze the significance of these components in the hospital's various units to maintain a high level of competence among nurses. Method: The study evaluated 3 categories included 35 subcategories with 148 core components that were derived from literature review and interviews of nursing professionals. The nursing professional category included 18 subcategories with 98 components, the organizational culture category included 4 subcategories with 16 components, and the temperament-attitude category included 13 subcategories with 34 components. The study included 335 nurses with more than one year of hospital experience and measured disparities among different hospital units. The data was analyzed with SPSS-Win 10.0, differing perceptions of the importance of general traits among the participants were measured using standard deviation, and differing perceptions of the importance of professional traits among the participants were assessed using ANOVA and subsequently with the Bonferroni Test. The reliability of the aforementioned research tools were evaluated using the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Result: The results of the study were as follows: 1. Among the three categories, temperament-attitude category was perceived to be the most important, followed by nursing professional category and organizational culture category. Among the ten most important subcategories within the three categories, safety and infection prevention as well as responsibility were perceived to be the most important, followed by promotion of physiologic adaptation, document management and presentation, self-control, ethics, observance law, coping with emergency, humanity, and medication. 2. The relative importance of category associated with the core competencies within the hospital unit were as follows : 1) The units that rated nursing professional category as being the most significant were: internal medicine, surgical unit, mother-child unit, emergency room, intensive care unit, and operating room, in that order. 2) The units that rated the organizational culture competencies as being the most significant were: mother-child unit, internal medicine, surgical unit, emergency room, operating room, and intensive care unit, in that order. 3) The units that rated temperament-attitude category as being the most significant were: internal medicine, surgical unit, emergency room, mother-child unit, operating room, and intensive care unit, in that order.