• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2013

Ethanol steam reforming reaction considered as a clean hydrogen production method is introduced in this paper. Reactivity and reaction rate equation of ethanol steam reforming reaction using various catalysts, reaction temperature, and molar ratio of ethanol and water will be discussed. In addition to introducing a membrane reactor combining a reactor and a separator, the effect of the use of a membrane reactor on an ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield will be compared to those from a conventional packed-bed reactor.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1912-1920
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• 2011

The $SnO_2$ with a particle size of about 300 nm instead of Ni is used in this study to overcome rapid catalytic deactivation by the formation of a $NiAl_2O_4$ spinal structure on the conventional Ni/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalyst and simultaneously impregnated the catalyst with potassium (K). The $SnO_2-K_2O$ impregnated Zeolite Y catalyst ($SnO_2-K_2O$/ZY) exhibited significantly higher ethanol reforming reactivity that that achieved with $SnO_2$ 100 and $SnO_2$ 30 wt %/ZY catalysts. The main products from ethanol steam reforming (ESR) over the $SnO_2$-$K_2O$/ZY catalyst were $H_2$, $CO_2$, and $CH_4$, with no evidence of any CO molecule formation. The $H_2$ production and ethanol conversion were maximized at 89% and 100%, respectively, over $SnO_2$ 30 wt %-$K_2O$ 3.0 wt %/ZY at 600 $^{\circ}C$ for 1 h at a $CH_3CH_2OH:H_2O$ ratio of 1:1 and a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 12,700 $h^{-1}$. No catalytic deactivation occurred for up to 73 h. This result is attributable to the easier and weaker of reduction of Sn components and acidities over $SnO_2-K_2O$/ZY catalyst, respectively, than those of Ni/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalysts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2013

In this study, the catalytic performance and characterization of $Ni/Ce_xZr_{1-x}O_2$ were investigated using an autothermal reforming (ATR) process for hydrogen production. The $Ni/Ce_xZr_{1-x}O_2$ catalysts were prepared using the following methods: the water method (CZ-W), urea water method (CZ-UW) and urea, water and ethanol method (CZ-UWA). The performance of $Ni/Ce_xZr_{1-x}O_2$ catalysts in autothermal reforming of propane for hydrogen production was studied in a fixed-bed flow reactor. Reaction tests were conducted by using a feed of $H_2O/C_3H_8/O_2$=3/1/0.37 and $300{\sim}700^{\circ}C$. The CZ-UW and CZ-UWA catalysts showed higher propane conversion and hydrogen yield than the CZ-W catalyst. The activity test confirmed that the improvement in the water-ethanol catalyst was due to the low level of carbon deposition. SEM showed that the surface carbon consisted of clusters on the used CZ-UW catalyst, which is incontrast to the nano-fiber morphology observed on the used CZ-UWA catalyst. It was found that the amount of carbon deposition depends on the preparation method. Especially the $Ni/Ce_{0.75}Zr_{0.25}O_2$ was showed higher propane conversion and hydrogen yield than the other catalysts. Also TGA showed that the resistance of carbon deposition increase to Co addition.