• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.56 no.5
• /
• pp.320-325
• /
• 2012

To develop a new effective and safe natural antibiotics and antioxidant the essential oil was extracted from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris by steam distillation. Its composition was analyzed by GC-MS. The activities of the essential oil fraction and its main components were evaluated against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of some food-born bacteria. In addition the synergism was examined with this oil combined with antibiotic by checkerboard titer test. The antioxidant activities were determined by in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity test and reducing power assay. The essential oil fraction of A. sylvestris revealed significant inhibiting activities against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant species of Vibrio and Shigella with MICs ranged from 1.00~4.00 mg/ml. It showed synergistic or additive effects when it was combined with amphicillin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1 : 9). Additionally, the essential oil fraction of A. sylvestris exhibited significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity and the reducing power.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.226-231
• /
• 2016

The present GC-MS analysis elucidated the composition of the essential oil obtained from the herb of Elsholtzia ciliata(Lamiaceae). Overall, the content of monoterpenes was higher than that of sesquiterpenes. Monoterpenes rich in this oil were carvone (peak area, 26.180%), camphor (2.304%), borneol (9.974%), dihydrocarveol (3.296%), ${\alpha}$-citral (=geranial, 4.025%), geranic acid (2.961%), while sesquiterpenes occupying relatively higher percentage were ${\alpha}$-humulene (0.918%), (-)-spathulenol (0.974%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene oxide (2.014%), globulol (1.362%), ${\beta}$-caryophyllene oxide (0.750%). The components characterizing this oil were 1-octen-3-ol, acetophenone, and butylated hydroxytoluene. The $IC_{50}$ of this oil on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were $42.37{\mu}g/ml$ and $121.34{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, suggesting that the essential oil of E. ciliata may be active on the memory loss of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2013

This study was investigated the chemical composition from Syneilesis palmata essential oil and the tendency of variation of the sesquiterpene compounds according to the harvesting time. The essential oils obtained by hydro distillation from the aerial parts of Syneilesis palmata were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Ninety-eight compounds consisting of 9 aliphatic hydrocarbons, 17 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, 11 aliphatic aldehydes, 1 terpene aldehyde, 8 aliphatic alcohols, 4 monoterpene alcohols, 16 sesquiterpene alcohols, 3 diterpene alcohols, 6 ketones, 11 esters, 8 oxides and epoxides, 3 acids and 1 miscellaneous one were identified from the oil. Spathulenol (22.33%) was the most abundant compound, followed by ${\beta}$- caryophyllene (6.23%), germacrene D (5.57%), longipinane (4.10%), and epiglobulol (3.65%). The volatile composition of Syneilesis palmata was characterized by higher contents of sesquiterpene compounds, especially sesquiterpene alcohols. The total content of 13 sesquiterpene compounds was decreased significantly from 2010 to 2012. ${\alpha}$-Caryophyllene, ${\beta}$-bisabolene, elemol, germacrene D, ${\beta}$-zingiberene, longipinane, and ${\beta}$-caryophyllene alcohol contents decreased, while ${\beta}$-bisabolol content increased during 3 years. The ecological responses to recent climate change may be influenced in the chemical components of natural plant terpenoids.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.125-128
• /
• 2016

The chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted from Albizziae julibrissin barks were analyzed by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry spectrometry. Fourteen components were identified, representing 89.23 % of the total oil composition. The analysis of the essential oil revealed that the essential oil contains 14 compounds, accounting for 89.23 % of the total oil. Hexanoic acid was the principal component (41.43 %) of the essential oil, followed by 4,4,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol (11.16 %), palmitic acid (9.00 %), 2-pentylfuran (5.66 %), 2-butyl-2-octenal (4.12 %), linoleic acid (3.10%), amyl hexanoate (3.01%), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal (2.49 %), 2-hexylthiophene (2.47 %), caprylic acid (2.13 %), ${\delta}-undecalactone$ (1.52 %), heptanoic acid (1.27 %), 3,5-octadien-2-ol (0.99 %), and 2-octenal (0.88 %). The acaricidal activity of the A. julibrissin oil was tested against Dermatophagoides farina, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae by the fumigant bioassay. Based on the $LD_{50}$ values, the essential oil exhibited strong acaricidal activities against D. farinae ($LD_{50}$, $4.88{\mu}g/cm^3$), D. pteronyssinus ($2.44{\mu}g/cm^3$), and T. putrescentiae ($1.22{\mu}g/cm^3$). These results indicate that A. julibrissin oil could be a source of acaricidal agents for mite control.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.373-376
• /
• 2010

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) belongs to a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae) and is widely used in food, cosmetics and medicines. This study was carried to investigate the variation of essential oil content and its composition during callus subculture of M. piperita. For callus induction from the leaf explant of peppermint, the basal medium was supplemented with various concentrations of 2, 4-D. The best callus induction rate (93%) of M. piperita. was obtained in MS medium containing 2 mg/l 2, 4-D. The induced peppermint callus maintained on Lin-Staba medium were studied during a period of 20th subcultures for the stability of essential oil production. Growth rates of peppermint callus increased during prolonged subculture. However, there was a progressive decrease of essential oil content and unstability of monoterpene productions when callus cultures were serially subcultured.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2018

Berries and branches essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea were obtained by electromagnetic induction heating assisted extraction and by hydrodistillation with a yield varied from ($1.2{\pm}0.3$ to $2.4{\pm}0.7%$) and from ($0.6{\pm}0.1%$ to $1.1{\pm}0.1%$), respectively. forty eight compounds were identified representing (97.2 - 99.7%) of the oil. ${\alpha}$-Pinene (40.3 - 67.8%) and ${\delta}$-3-carene (13.5 - 26.8%) were the main compounds in berries and branches essential oils. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three means: inhibition of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, reducing power and ${\beta}$-Carotene/linoleic acid bleaching. The antioxidant activity of essential oils showed $IC_{50}$ ranging from $67.6{\pm}1.02{\mu}g/mL$ to $131.5{\pm}0.8{\mu}g/mL$ for berries and from $98{\pm}1.25{\mu}g/mL$ to $166.8{\pm}0.29{\mu}g/mL$ for the branches. Berries oil show more potent antioxidant activity compared to branches. This result is supported by the three methods investigated in this work.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2018

The present study deals with the determination of optimal values of operating parameters such as the temperature of heating, the mass of the plant material and the volume of water leading to the best yield of electromagnetic induction (EMI) heating extraction of Algerian Thymus fontanesii essential oil. After an appropriate choice of the three critical variables, eight experiments leaded to a mathematical model as a first-degree polynomial presenting the response function (yield) in the relation to the operating parameters. From the retained model, we were able to calculate the average response, the different effects and their interactions. The maximum of essential oil recovery percentage relative to the initial mass of plant material was 1.69%, and was obtained at ($140^{\circ}C$, 250 g and 4.5 L). The chemical composition of the Algerian T. fontanesii essential oil under the obtained optimal conditions ($140^{\circ}C$, 250 g and 4.5 L), determined by GC/MS and GC/FID, reveled of the presence of major components such as: carvacrol ($70.6{\pm}0.1%$), followed by p-cymene ($8.2{\pm}0.2%$).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.153-156
• /
• 1982

The essential oil fraction of Chrysanthemum sibiricum Turcz. (Compositae) was analysed by means of TLC and GLC. Utilizing silicagel column chromatography, a blue-color compound was isolated, and purified by preparative TLC. The obtain compound had the same Rf-value on TLC and exactly same UV-visible and IR spectra with that of chamazulene isolated from Matricaria chamomilla L. The composition of the essential oil was also compared with those from flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L. and Chrysanthemum morifolim Ramatuelia.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.325-329
• /
• 2004

The composition of essential oil from O. javanica was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using the broth dilution method and disk diffusion test, anti-microbial activities of the oil fraction and its main components were evaluated against various antibiotic-susceptible and resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. As a result of GC-MS analysis, 57 compounds, including ${\alpha}-terpinolene$ (28.1%), dl-limonene (16.0%), ${\gamma}-terpinene$ (10.3%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (9.7%) and ${\alpha}-pinene$ (6.0%) were identified in the essential oil fraction. The essential oil fraction of O. javanica and its main components exhibited significant inhibitory activities, particularly against Candida albicans (antibiotic-susceptible strains) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (antibiotic- susceptible and resistant strains). The main components of the O. javanica oil fraction displayed different patterns of activity against the three tested Candida species as exemplified by the differential minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) values. The disk diffusion test showed that the activities were dose dependent.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2004

Objective : The aim of this work is to investigate the antibacterial activity of the essential oil obtained from Artemisia capillaris (A. capillaris), as the development of microbial resistance to antibiotics make it necessary to constantly look for new and active compounds effective against pathogenic bacteria. Methods : The crushed materials of A. capillaris (1 kg) were subjected to steam distillation for 3 h, using a modified Clevenger type apparatus in order to obtain essential oil. Diethyl ether was the extracting solvent kept at 25°.... The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oil and the composition were tested for antimicrobial activities against 15 different genera of oral bacteria. Results and Conclusion : The components of the essential oil identified were: β-pinene (9.36%), camphor (3.32%), 1,8­cineole (4.38%), artemisia alcohol (3.32%), β-caryophyllene (11.08%), γ-cadinene (4.23%), and capillene (32.74%). The essential oil of A. capillaris exhibited considerable inhibitory effects against all oral bacteria tested, while their major components demonstrated various degrees of growth inhibition.