• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2021

Algal genomics approaches provide a massive number of genome/transcriptome sequences and reveal the evolutionary history vis-à-vis primary and serial endosymbiosis events that contributed to the biodiversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes in the eukaryote tree of life. In particular, phylogenomic methods using several hundred or thousands of genes have provided new insights into algal taxonomy and systematics. Using this method, many novel insights into algal species diversity and systematics occurred, leading to taxonomic revisions. In addition, horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) of functional genes have been identified in algal genomes that played essential roles in environmental adaptation and genomic diversification. Finally, algal genomics data can be used to address the pangenome, including core genes shared among all isolates and partially shared strain-specific genes. However, some aspects of the pangenome concept (genome variability of intraspecies level) conflict with population genomics concepts, and the issue is closely related to defining species boundaries using genome variability. This review suggests a desirable future direction to merge algal pangenomics and population genomics beyond traditional molecular phylogeny and taxonomy.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.244-254
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• 2022

Radiographic osteolysis after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) remains a challenging clinical entity, as it may not initially manifest clinically apparent symptoms but can lead to clinically important complications, such as aseptic loosening. A thorough consideration of medical history and physical examination is essential to rule out other causes of symptomatic TSA-namely, periprosthetic joint infection-as symptoms often progress to vague pain or discomfort due to subtle component loosening. Once confirmed, nonoperative treatment of osteolysis should first be pursued given the potential to avoid surgery-associated risks. If needed, the current surgical options include glenoid polyethylene revision and conversion to reverse shoulder arthroplasty. The current article provides a comprehensive review of the evaluation and management of osteolysis after TSA through an evidence-based discussion of current concepts.

• 중국학논총
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• 제71호
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• pp.131-149
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• 2021

The Oriental thought does not stay in self, society, or state, but goes further to expand its bounds as "Chunha(the World, 天下)", which is not just the spacious expansion but the moral expansion. It provides a clue to overcome the limitations of the Western international political thought resulting in nationalistic tendencies. Such a cosmopolitcan orientation in the East can be found in the concepts of "Wangdo(Just Way, 王道)", "Yinjung(Benevolent politics, 仁政)", which make Hua(harmony, 和) its essential characteristics. If the East Asian community is formed, it should be based on universal principles that all East Asian citizens can sympathize with from below, not in a one-sided and coercive way. In this regard, the formation of "Sahaeyilga(四海一家, We are the world)", the "Chunha天下" based on the philosophy of the peace seeking 'similarity' in 'difference', can provide philosophical clues to resolve the conflicts and contradictions of the current isolationalist and confrontational international situation.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2023

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an area of quantum computing that leverages its principles to develop machine learning algorithms and techniques. QML is aimed at combining traditional machine learning with the capabilities of quantum computing to devise approaches for problem solving and (big) data processing. Nevertheless, QML is in its early stage of the research and development. Thus, more theoretical studies are needed to understand whether a significant quantum speedup can be achieved compared with classical machine learning. If this is the case, the underlying physical principles may be explained. First, fundamental concepts and elements of QML should be established. We describe the inception and development of QML, highlighting essential quantum computing algorithms that are integral to QML. The advent of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era and Google's demonstration of quantum supremacy are then addressed. Finally, we briefly discuss research prospects for QML.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.941-946
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• 2005

It is essential for project managers to make schedule adjustment based on their professional experience, in terms of rescheduling action discussed in this paper. This paper discusses the topics of resource-constrained construction rescheduling by modifying the concepts of manufacturing rescheduling. Moreover, the influence factors of construction rescheduling problems are investigated and identified in this paper. According to initial schedule plan and present progress, a new rescheduling mechanism based on Constraint Programming (CP) techniques is developed to reschedule projects with the objective of minimizing total project cost or duration, under three rescheduling policies. Through case study, the behavior of three different rescheduling policies is analyzed and discussed in this paper.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-114
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• 2023

The study aimed to qualitatively examine middle school students' engagement in distance instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants comprised 119 students from a girls' middle school in Seoul, South Korea. To gain an in-depth understanding of the students' experiences, we collected their reflective journals, which included structured items about their learning engagement at three timepoints in 2020: April, July, and December. The following are the results: 10 themes and 18 concepts were derived, and they were integrated into causal conditions (sudden transition due to COVID-19), contextual condition (technology readiness, school education context), central phenomena (high level of behavioral engagement, low emotional engagement), interventional conditions (recognizing the potential of online learning, situational awareness about COVID-19 and online learning), action/interaction phenomena (development and use of self-regulated learning strategies), and consequences (changes in practices and perception towards online learning). Based on the findings, engagement patterns of the participants were classified into five types: proactive, conservative, receptive, reactive, passive learners. The present study demonstrated important findings that are essential for the improvement and development of engaging online learning strategies in the future.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1999

일반적으로 미술에서 어떠한 내용을 시각화하는 아이디어는 한 작품의 성공여부에 결정적이라 할 수 있을 만큼 핵심적인 부분이지만 실제로 이 아이디어 발상에는 많은 어려움이 따르기 때문에 본 연구에서는 이러한 시각화 작업을 위한 아이디어 발상에 방향성을 제시해 보고자 하였다. 개개인의 예술적 표현의 자유와 개성이 태동하기 시작하였던 르네상스 시대 이후의 서양미술에서 추상적 개념을 시각화한 내용을 보이는 구상화 중 표현기법 상의 대략 몇 가지의 사례를 분류해보고 그 표현기법이 확연하게 설명이 가능한 경우의 작품들을 발췌하여 소개하고 있다. 표현기법에 따라 상징, 알레고리, 특정양식, 초현실주의 구상기법, 형이상학적 논리의 왜곡, 그리고 상황적 설정으로 나누어 보고 각각의 기법들이 어떠한 방법으로 추상적 개념을 형성하고 전달하고 있는지 구체적 사례들을 설명하고 있다. 특히 이러한 연구가 미흡한 응용예술 분야의 아이디어 발상에 도움이 되었으면 하는 취지의 사례연구이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

In Chinese philosophy, the concept of Yin and Yang, in the era of the Early China, applies to many more philosophical categories than merely the relationship between the sunny side and the shady side of the sun. A whole series of possible interactions between the Yin and Yang in life is contained in the Chinese Book of Changes, the I Ching. The philosophical theory and the origin of natural sciences of the I Ching is imbued in the Nei Ching. having absorbed and developed the essence of Book of Changes, the Nei Ching reflects the spirit of science. Under the influence of Book of Changes, as well as its idea of Yin and Yang, peculiar at the time, the Nei Ching adapts the essences of the theory of Yin and Yang. The contribution made by the Nei Ching to the development of the philosophical concepts of Yin and Yang lies in that it combines those philosophical concepts with medicine and makes this the basic theory of Chinese medicine. In the Nei Ching, the Yin and Yang theory asserts that the human body is an organic whole, and there exists an organic connection between all tissues and structures. Therefore, the Yin and Yang functions as an essential life that plays a major role of the organic interrelation, the mutual control, and the mutual assistance. Yet, at the same time, each of them can be divided into the opposite aspects of yin and yang. Yin and yang depend on each other for existence. Without yin, there would be no yang, Without yang, there would be no yin. Neither can exist in isolation. Thus the interrelation of Yin and Yang is premised on the two opposite forces and aspects as the underlying cause of all change of Yin and Yang.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1051-1061
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• 2005

This paper proposes a ubiquitous robot, Ubibot, as an integration of three forms of robots: Software robot (Sobot), Embedded robot (Embot) and Mobile robot (Mobot). A Sobot is a virtual robot, which has the ability to move to any place or connect to any device through a network in order to overcome spatial limitations. It has the capacity to interpret the context and thus interact with the user. An Embot is embedded within the environment or within physical robots. It can recognize the locations of and authenticate the user or robot, and synthesize sensing information. Also it has the ability to deliver essential information to the user or other components of Ubibot by using various types of output devices. A Mobot provides integrated mobile service. In addition, Middleware intervenes different protocols between Sobot, Embot, and Mobot in order to incorporate them reliably. The services provided by Ubibot will be seamless, calm and context-aware based on the combination of these components. This paper presents the basic concepts and structure of Ubibot. A Sobot, called Rity, is introduced in order to investigate the usability of the proposed concepts. Rity is a 3D synthetic character which exists in the virtual world, has a unique IP address and interacts with human beings through Vision Embot, Sound Embot, Position Embot and Voice Embot. Rity is capable of moving into a Mobot and controlling its mobility. In doing so, Rity can express its behavior in the virtual world, for example, wondering or moving about in the real world. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a Ubibot in a networked environment.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-84
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• 2014

This study examined the contents of 'Adolescent's Consumption Life' unit in 12 Technology Home Economics textbooks used in the 2009 revised curriculum to analyze the contents of school consumer education. The main summary of this study is as follows: First, the contents of consumer education in the unit of 'Adolescent's Consumption Life' consisted of five criteria including the understanding of adolescent consumer, consumer's right and responsibility, reasonable purchase, resolution to consumer problems, and the formation of new consumption culture. Second, significant differences were found in the contents of consumer education among textbooks because basic concepts have been not been clearly defined yet. Third, essential content was either omitted or hard to understand. Thus, some contents elaborations were inappropriate for students' level. Fourth, there were some limitations in drawing interest and attention from learners and developing dispute resolution competence, since the textbooks mainly comprised the theory-oriented contents of consumer education. Fifth, cautious consideration needs to be taken with regards to clear understanding of basic concepts and systematic and consistent contents composition for coherent and organized school consumer education. These research findings are anticipated to provide basic information of Technology Home Economics textbooks to teachers, and will be utilized as basic data in organizing textbook contents or developing efficient teaching-learning programs for consumer education.