• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 실제 학생들이 논술시험을 치르는 것과 유사하게, 온라인 상에서 200자 원고지를 이용하여 논술을 작성하고 작성된 원고지 위에 첨삭지도를 할 수 있도록 하는 온라인 논술시험 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 온라인 논술시험 시스템의 주요기능은 응시자가 주어진 논술문제에 대한 논술답안을 작성하여 원고지로 전환하여 제출하고, 채점자는 제출된 원고지 위에 직접 첨삭지도를 한다. 제안된 시스템에서 채점자는 펜 마우스와 타블렛을 이용하여 첨삭지도를 하고, 네트워크의 트래픽을 줄이기 위해서 원고지 그림을 JPEG형태로 압축하여 서버로 전송한다. 이 시스템은 비용이 적게 들고, 효율성, 사용성 면에서 상당한 이점이 있다. 나아가 온라인 주관식시험의 한 대안으로 발전 가능하리라 기대한다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 실제 학생들이 논술시험을 치르는 것과 유사하게, 온라인 상에서 200자 원고지를 이용하여 논술을 작성하고 작성된 원고지 위에 첨삭지도를 할 수 있도록 하는 온라인 논술시험 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 온라인 논술시험 시스템의 주요기능은 응시자가 주어진 논술문제에 대한 논술답안을 작성하여 원고지로 전환하여 제출하고, 채점자는 제출된 원고지 위에 직접 첨삭지도를 한다. 제안된 시스템에서 채점자는 펜 마우스와 타블렛을 이용하여 첨삭지도를 하고, 네트워크의 트래픽을 줄이기 위해서 원고지 그림을 JPEG형태로 압축하여 서버로 전송한다. 이 시스템은 비용이 적게 들고, 효율성, 사용성 면에서 상당한 이점이 있다. 나아가 온라인 주관식시험의 한 대안으로 발전 가능하리라 기대한다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.221-238
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• 2006

This study investigates the reliability of plagiarism measurement in the ESL essay writing context. The current study aims to address the answers to the following research questions: 1) How does plagiarism measurement affect test reliability in a psychometric view? and 2) how do raters conceive the plagiarism in their analytic scoring? This study uses the mixed-methodology that crosses quantitative-qualitative techniques. Thirty eight international students took an ESL placement writing test offered by the University of Illinois. Two native expert raters rated students' essays in terms of 5 analytic features (organization, content, language use, source use, plagiarism) and made a holistic score using a scoring benchmark. For research question 1, the current study, using G-theory and Multi-facet Rasch model, found that plagiarism measurement threatened test reliability. For research question 2, two native raters and one non-native rater in their email correspondences responded that plagiarism was not a valid analytic area to be measured in a large-scale writing test. They viewed the plagiarism as a difficult measurement are. In conclusion, this study proposes that a systematic training program for avoiding plagiarism should be given to students. In addition, this study suggested that plagiarism is measured reliably in the small-scale classroom test.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 제13회 신호처리 합동 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.919-922
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 판단 보조 시스템으로써의 기능을 수행하는 Artificial Neural Network(ANN) 시스템의 응용과 설계를 수행하였다. ANN 시스템의 응용에 있어 실질적으로 활용이 가능한 미 경영대학원 진학 희망자들을 위한 학교 선별 시스템을 구현하였다. 미국 소재의 대부분의 경영대학원에서는 입학 지원자의 평가항목으로써 대학평점(GPA), TOEFL(Test Of English as Foreign Language), GMAT(Graduate Management Admission Test), Essay 그리고 실무 경력을 요구한다. 본 논문에서 소개하는 학교 선별 시스템에서는 이러한 평가 항목 중 객관적인 평가가 가능하고 수치화 할 수 있는 세가지 요소만을 고려했다. 즉, Essay와 실무 경력과 같은 평가항목은 각 학교별 다소 주관적인 평가가 이루어지기 때문에 배제하고 보다 객관적이라고 할 수 있는 GPA, TOEFL. GMAT 만을 평가 항목으로 고려했다. 일반적으로 경영대학원에서는 최소의 TOEFL 점수를 요구하고 있다는 점을 고려해 TOEFL 점수에 우선 순위를 두고 각 학교를 크게 4개의 그룹으로 나누어 4개의 각기 다른 Network를 설계했다 최소 5년 이상의 유학 상담 경험이 있는 현직 전문가들을 통해 본 논문에서 소개하는 시스템의 성능을 검증 받았다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.526-537
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two different types of texts, which were narrative and expository, on the understanding of content. Elementary students' perceptions of the two types of the texts were also investigated. In the comparison of the effects on the understanding of the text contents, test scores of mind-mapping, closed-answer question, and essay test were used. The analyses of mind-mapping tests showed narrative text was more effective to figure out main concepts of the text throughout the mind-mapping test. But expository text was more effective in the hierarchical organization of the concepts. In the closed-answer questions and essay test, narrative text was more effective than expository text. However when the contents of text were difficult and complex, there was no meaningful difference between the two types of texts. The analyses of students' perceptions of the texts showed that narrative texts were preferred. Students perceived that the narrative text was more interesting and familiar. However, the perceptions of helpful text for their science learning were not different by the types of texts.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1991

The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of communicator, type of clothing and subject's age on informational influence in clothing conformity. The sample consisted of 205 subjects assigned to two groups (female college students in their early twenties and housewives in their late thirties living in kyongju). In this study the research design consisted of a 3(communicator)×2(subject's age)×2(type of clothing) factorial design. The stimuli consisted of 10 color photographs (6 one-piece dresses and 4 jeans in current fashion) In the first step, subjects were asked to arrange stimuli in the order of greatest fashionability. In the second step, subjects were exposed to experimental manipulation which consisted of slides of various clothing styles and an essay concerning a forecast on fashion trends. The communicator in the essay was described as a designer, a college student, or a housewife. In the third step, in addition to other questions subjects were asked to indicated their degree of agreement with the essay. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, X2 and t-test. The results were: 1. Informational influence on clothing conformity varied by communicator, type of clothing, and subject's age. Subjects were most conforming when the communicator was described as a designer and when the clothing style was a one-piece dress. 2. Informational influence results revealed that housewives were more conforming than the female college students in the jean style.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2001

Testing is a procedure used to measure a sample of behaviour in order to discover how well a seafarer performs, usually in comparison with others, or compared with identified performance criteria. In this context It is important that the test, in whatever form it is being used, yields consistent results by being valid, reliable and practical. Whilst we can only take a sample of a person's knowledge or comprehension about topic in this way, testing methods do provide a more reliable estimate of performance than most other observational techniques; unsystematic or irregular observation being too unreliable. The method of examination has been specified in the provisions of Regulation 12 of the Decree of the ship officers act as followings. Other necessary matters for conducting oral and written examinations have been set out by the Minister. But written examination is too shortage of period and small number of question to cover the qualification of each level and oral test is just simple and namely Traditionally, written examinations have been provided as the only means for determining the acquisition of knowledge by the mariner. Typically, the examination formats have taken the format of either an essay or multiple choice examinations. Essay items, used in the vast majority of subject examination(not in Korea), consisted of three basic types: situational, descriptive and computational. The level of certificate being examined determined the number and mix of the type of essay questions selected. Oral question has again been used by assessors of seafarer in a wide variety of contexts. Also, oral questioning is often used when observation of performance is undertaken to ask why a certain action has been taken, or to be broaden the scope of what has been observed. At end, Each techniques have their own advantage and disadvantage, so we have to choose some or all of the following techniques, depending upon the certificate, qualification or job for which the trainee is aiming. But in high lank, we have to use both of essay type and multiple choice and with enough time of oral test at least 30 minutes. Who would be the assessor? According to the STCW Code Section A-I/6, instructors, supervisor and assessors are appropriately qualified for particular types and levels of training or assessment of competence of seafarers either on board or ashore, as required under the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of this section.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.973-983
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• 2007

Korea Military Academy has been using College Scholastic Ability Test(CSAT) and High School Grades(HSG) with other measures such as an Essay-type Test(ET), Physical Test(PT) and Personal Interview(PI) as criteria for entrance. The purpose of study is to investigate the properness of the criteria in admission decisions by examining the relationship between the college GPA and criteria, and the prediction of academic performance. The study showed that CSAT and HSG are significantly correlated with the college GPA, and these two criteria are better predictors for academic performance. Regression analysis also provided an important message that HSG is a better predictor than CSAT.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 서술형 검사를 이용하여 고등학생의 문제 해결 전략 수행 능력을 측정하고, 논리적 사고력과 전략 수행 능력 사이의 관계를 조사하였다. 서울시에 소재한 두 고등학교에서 4학급(N=187)을 선정한 후, 전략 수행 능력 검사와 논리적 사고력 검사를 실시하였다. 전략 수행 능력의 채점틀은 7개 하위 범주-문제의 조건 파악, 관련 법칙 회상, 하위 목표 설정, 물리량 유도, 수리적 수행, 논리적 전개, 검토-로 구성하였다. 채점에 대한 신뢰도는 분석자간 일치도 .92로 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 학생들의 조건 파악 능력과 수리적 수행 능력은 비교적 높으나, 하위 목표 설정 능력과 검토 능력은 저조한 것으로 조사되었다. 전략 수행 능력 검사의 전체 점수 및 하위 범주별 점수는 논리적 사고력과 유의미한 상관을 나타내었다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.1255-1279
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• 2010

Much has already been learned about what goes on in the minds of second language writers as they compose, yet, oddly enough, until recently little in the L2 research literature has addressed writing and mental imagery together. However, images and imaging (visual thinking) play a crucial role in perception (the basis of mental imagery), in turn, affecting language, thinking, and writing. Many theorists of mental imagery also agree that more than just language accounts for how we think and that imagery is at least as crucial as language. All of these demands, to be sure, are compounded for EFL students, which is why I investigate EFL students' writing process, focusing on the use of mental imagery and its relationship to the writing. First I speculate upon some ways that imagery influences EFL students' composing processes and products. Next, I want to explore how and whether the images in a writer's mind can be shaped effectively into a linear piece of written English in one's writing. I studied two university undergraduate EFL students, L and J. They had fairly advanced levels of English proficiency and exhibited high level of writing ability, as measured by TOEFL iBT Test. Each student wrote two comparison and contrast essays: one written under specified time limitations and the other written without the pressure of time. In order to investigate whether the amount of time in itself causes differences within an individual in imagery ability, the students were placed under strict time constraints for Topic 1. But for Topic 2, they were encouraged to take as much time as necessary to complete this essay. Immediately after completing their essays, I conducted face-to-face retrospective interviews with students to prompt them for information about the role of imagery as they write. Both L and J have spent more time on their second (untimed) essays. Without time constraint, they produced longer texts on untimed essay (149 vs. 170; 186 vs 284 words). However, despite a relatively long period of time spent writing an essay, these students neither described their images nor detailed them in their essays. Although their mental imagery generated an explosion of ideas for their writings, most visual thinking must merely be a means toward an end-pictures that writers spent in purchasing the right words or ideas.