• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

In order to outline the kinematics and movement history of a new Quaternary fault, Jingwan Fault in Dangjin, West Korea, we analyzed the geometry of the fault zone composed of a few gouge zones, and made ESR dating for fault gouge materials. The $N55^{\circ}E$ striking Jingwan Fault is a normal fault and exhibits a gradual change in dip (gentle in the lower part, steep in the upper part), indicating a listric fault. As for the fault gouge zone, its thickness varies and reaches 2~3 cm in the lower part or between basement rocks, and 20~30 cm in the middle-upper part or between the basement and Quaternary deposit. It is observed in the latter case that more than three gouge zones develop with different colors, and branch out and re-merge, or they are partly superimposed, indicating different movement episodes. The cumulative displacement is estimated to be about 10 m using the geological cross-sections, from which it is inferred that the total length of fault may be about 2.5 km on the basis of the empirical relation between cumulative displacement and fault length. Therefore, a more study would be needed to verify the entire fault length. The results of ESR dating for three gouge samples at different spots along the fault yields ages of $651{\pm}47$, $649{\pm}96$, and $436{\pm}66ka$, indicating at least two movement episodes. Slickenlines observed on the fault planes indicate a pure dip slip (normal faulting), which suggests that the ENE-WSW trending Jingwan Fault was presumably moved under a NNW-SSE extensional environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.1529-1533
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• 2008

The detection characteristics of gamma-irradiated ($0{\sim}10.0\;kGy$) medicinal herbs (Platycodon grandiflorum, Acanthopanax chiisanensis) were investigated by photostimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and electron spin resonance (ESR). The results of the PSL, a first screening method in comparison with the TL, showed photon counts greater than 5,000 counts/60 s (positive) in the irradiated samples, while the non-irradiated samples yielded photon counts less than 700 counts/60 s (negative). The TL was also applied for the detection method of irradiated medicinal herbs and showed that the non-irradiated sample revealed a glow curve with a low intensity, while the irradiated samples showed a higher intensity. These results were normalized by re-irradiating the mineral grains with a irradiation dose of 1.0 kGy, and a second glow curve was recorded. The ratio of the intensity of the first glow curve ($TL_1$) to that after the normalization dose ($TL_2$) was determined and compared with the recommended threshold values. TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$) was below 0.007 for the non-irradiated sample and higher than 0.1 for all irradiated samples (above 1.0 kGy). ESR spectroscopy revealed specific signals (6.065 mT) derived from free radicals in cellulose containing irradiated medicinal herbs. The P. grandiflorum showed clearer signals than A. chiisanensis. From the results of our studies, the PSL, TL, and ESR determinations were found to be suitable for the detection of irradiated medicinal herbs such as P. grandiflorum and A. chiisanensis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 1991

The proteins of the race horse erythrocyte membrane were analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS-PAGE), and their relations to the fast erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) of the race horse were investigated. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate of race horse were very fast compared with the human one(33 times <$90^{\circ}-plastic-ESR/30m$> and 25 times <$90^{\circ}-micro-ESR/30m$> as fast as the human one) are reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, band 3 content was showing higher in race horse (34.7%) than in human (25.3%). The glycoprotein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes revealed by periodic acid Schiff's(PAS) stain showed a marked difference from that of human. The PAS-1(glycophorin) and PAS-2(sialoglycoprotein) present in human erythrocyte memo brane were almost absent from the Holstein and race horse erythrocyte membranes, but PAS-2 was more in only race horse from that of human. Instead, the bovine erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-B near the origin of the electrophorograms and the race horse erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-negative band near the end of the electrophorograms, which is named as PAS-E in this study. These results suggest that the fast sedimentation rate of race horse erythrocyte is due in part to the presence of more band 3 protein fraction and PAS-E glycoproteins in the race horse erythrocytes.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2012

This study examined radiation detection properties of imported perilla seeds, almonds, and soybeans. Food samples were irradiated at doses of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kGy and analyzed by photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and electron spin resonance (ESR). The results of PSL showed that photon counts of irradiated perilla seeds and soybeans were $32,959counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$ and $7,234counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$, respectively, at an irradiation dose of 0.5 kGy, and the photon count of irradiated almonds was $5,581counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$ at an irradiation dose of 1 kGy. The results of TL showed that this technique is useful for detecting irradiated samples; the TL ratios ($TL_1/TL_2$) measured for the food samples at an irradiation dose of 0.5 kGy were 0.2301 for perilla seeds, 0.4595 for almonds, and 0.4827 for soy beans. Lastly, results of ESR spectroscopy for only soybeans revealed specific signals derived from free radicals captured in the cellulose. In conclusion, PSL, TL, and ESR methods can be used for the detection of gamma-irradiated soybean samples, whereas gamma-irradiated perilla seeds and almonds can be confirmed by a serial detection with a TL method after PSL.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 1989

Conventional ceramic method has been used to prepare the green phase, $Y_2BaCuO_5$, commonly observed in 90-K superconductor $YBa_2Cu_3O_P{7-{\delta}}$as an impurity phase. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that $Y_2BaCuO_5$ has an orthorhombic symmetry with lattice parameter of a = 12.2 $\AA$, b = 5.61 $\AA$, and c = 7.14 $\AA.$ The average g-value 2.13 observed in ESR spectrum is attributable to Cu2+ stabilized in $C_{4v}$ field. From the magnetic susceptibility ($\mu$eff = 2.29 BM) and the ESR measurements, it is confirmed that Cu(II) $3d^9$ electrons in $Y_2BaCuO_5$ are localized and can be characterized by Curie-Weiss behavior. Optical reflectance spectrum shows a broad absorption peak around 680 nm due to dxy ${\rightarrow}$ $dx^2-y^2$ eletronic transition.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.195-203
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• 2006

The isometric rehabilitation program was applied to 47 people of the aged low back patients(man 22 people, woman 25 people) twice a week for 8weeks. The Medx was used to study an effect on a change for extended strength ratio(ESR) according to a posture change. The isometric ESR at each flexion angle ($0^{\circ}$, $12^{\circ}$, $24^{\circ}$, $36^{\circ}$, $48^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $72^{\circ})$ was measured total 3times("before excercise", "on 4th week after excercise", "8th week after excercise") and analyzed. So, we could come to a conclusion as follows. 1. The maximum extended strength measured at a range of 7 angles for an isometric excercise of 8 weeks increased than "before an excercise", including that men have an increase of 39.51% and women have 62.92% in training effect. All of men and women showed statistically significant increase in physical strength(p<.001).excercise") and analyzed. So, we could come to a conclusion as follows. 2. After an excercise of 8 weeks, man showed 62.17% at zero degree and 49.115% at 12 degree respectively in maximum extended strength. Women showed 106.6% at zero degree and 86.16% at 12 degree. In view of this, respectively man have increase rate of physical strength over 31% and women have over 46% at all angles, also have significant increase in extension angle(p<.001). 3. A change for isometric ESR have a decrease of 27.68% for men and 74.66% for women than before isometric excercise of 8 weeks statistically significantly(p<.05, p<.00l). Men showed 1.77:1 of a similar ratio in the decrease effect comparing with normal people, but women showed 225:1.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.525-531
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• 1998

A series of $LiNbO_3$ single crystals were grown by the Czochralski method from a congruent melt, a congruent melt with 0.05 mol% $Fe_2O_3$, a congruent melt with 6 wt.% $K_2O$ and a congruent melt with 6 wt.% $K_2O$ and 0.05 mol% $Fe_2O_3$ respectively. The growth of $LiNbO_3$ crystal from a congruent melt 6 wt.% $K_2O$ leads to nearly stoichiometric specimens. This is established by studying the following properties; XRD patterns, temperature dependences of the phase transition temperature, energy of the fundamental absorption edge, the shape of the absorption band of the $OH^-$vibration and linewidths of the ESR of $Fe_{Li}^{3+}$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.473-479
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• 2015

Hybrid supercapacitors with high power density and long cycle life are widely used for emergency power source of LED emergency luminaires. In this paper, we designed and fabricated a hybrid capacitor cell and a module for the LED emergency luminaires. Using hybrid supercapacitor cells (1,000 F, 2.8 V), we designed a module in a 10-year warranty considering aging and ESR. Considering the ESR and efficiency has been designed to module with 1,000 F 5.6 V design results in 2 series and 2 parallel combination. Module was used to confirm that the operation 77.5 minutes at room temperature, discharge LED emergency luminaires with 2 W. As a LED emergency luminaires of emergency power supply that we can support more than 10 years of life was confirmed the applicability of hybrid supercapacitor.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.425-431
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• 2005

New type of supercapacitor using high surface area activated carbons mixed with high conductivity polypyrrole (Ppy) has been prepared in order to achieve low impedance and high energy density. Mixed carbons of BP-20 and MSP-20 were used as the active electrode material, and polypyrrole doped with 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (2-NSA) and carbon black (Super P) as conducting agents were added to activated carbons in order to enhance good electric conductivity. Electrodes prepared with the activated electrode materials and the conducting agents were added to a solution of organic binder [P(VdF-co-HFP) / NMP]. The ratio of optimum electrode composition was 78 : 17 : 5 wt.％ of (MSP20 : BP-20=1 : 1), (Super P : Ppy=10 : 7) and P(VdF-co-HFP) respectively. The performance of unit cell with addition of 7 wt％ Ppy have shown specific capacitance of 28.02 F/g, DC-ESR of $1.34{\Omega}$, AC-ESR of $0.36{\Omega}$, specific energy of 19.87 Wh/kg and specific power of 9.77 kW/kg. With addition of Ppy, quick charge-discharge of unit cell was possible because of low ESR, low charge transfer resistance and quick reaction rate. And good stability up to 500 chargedischarge cycles were retained about 80％ of their original capacity. It was concluded that the specific capacitance originated highly from compound phenomena of the pseudocapacitance by oxidation-reduction of polypyrrole and the nonfaradaic capacitance by adsorption-desorption of activated carbons.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.126-140
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• 1997

Mesoporous MCM-41 gallosilicate material was synthesized through shifting through shifting gallosilicate polymer equilibrium towards a MCM-41 phase by addition of acid. The location of Cu(II) exchanged into MCM-41 and its interaction with various adsorbate molecules were investigated by electron spin responance and electron spin echo modulation spectroscopies. It was found that in the fresh hydrated material, Cu(II) is octahedrally coordinated to six water molecules. This species is located in a cylindrical channel and rotates rapidly at room temperature. Evacuation at room temperature removes three of these water molecules, leaving the Cu (II) coordinated to three water molecules and anchored to oxygens in the channel wall. Dehydration at 45$0^{\circ}C$ produces one Cu (II) species located in the inner surface of a channel as evidenced by broadening of its ESR lines by oxygen. Adsorption of polar molecules such as water, methanol and ammonia on dehydrated CuNa-MCM-41 gallosilicate material causes changes in the ESR spectrum of Cu (II), indicating the complex formation with these adsorbates. Cu (II) forms a complex with six molecules of methanol as evidenced by an isotropic room temperature ESR signal and ESEM data like upon water adsorption. Cu(II) also forms a complex containing four molecules of ammonia based on resolved nitrogen superhyperfine interaction.