• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2022

The escape behavior of prey fish to predator attack is directly linked to the survival of the fish. In this study, I explored the escape behavior of Medaka fish to bird attacks. To simulate the attack, I designed a model triangular-shaped bird to slide along a fishing line connected between rods at both ends of the tank. The triangular shape was set to 10×15 (S=1), 15×20 (S=2), and 20×25 cm (S=3) with base×height. The slope (θ) of the fishing line, which determines the attack speed of the model bird, was set to values of 15° (θ=1), 30° (θ=2), and 45° (θ=3). The escape behavior was characterized using five variables: escape speed (ν), escape acceleration (α), responsiveness (γ), branch length similarity entropy (ε), and alignment (ϕ). The experimental results showed when (S, θ)=(fixed, varied), the change in values of the five variables were not significant. Thus, the fish respond more sensitively to S than to θ In contrast, when (S, θ)=(varied, fixed), ν, α, and γ showed increasing trends but ε and ϕ did not change much. This indicates the nature of fish escape behavior irrespective of the threat is inherent in ε and ϕ. I found that fish escape behavior can be divided into two types for the five physical quantities. In particular, the analysis showed that the type was mainly determined by the size of the model bird.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권8호
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• pp.2977-2983
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• 2023

During normal operation, some parts of the fission product in the defective fuel rods can release into the primary loops in PWR and the escape rate coefficients are widely used to assess quantitatively the release behaviors of fission products in the industry. The escape rate coefficients have been standardized and have been validated by some drilling experiments before the 1970s. In the paper, the model to determine the escape rate coefficients of fission products has been established and the typical escape rate coefficients of noble gas and iodine have been deduced based on the measured radiochemical data in one operating PWR. The result shows that the apparent escape rate coefficients vary with the release-to-birth and decay constants for different fission products of the same element. In addition, it is found that the escape rate coefficients from the defective rod with large defects are much higher than the standard escape rate coefficients, i.e., averagely 4.4 times and 1.8 times for noble gas and iodine respectively. The enhanced release of fission products from the severe secondary hydriding of several defective fuel rods in one cycle may lead to the potential risk of the temporary shutdown of the operating reactors.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.55-68
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• 2007

Because of not accepted on escape using elevators in fire emergency has some background. In the background elevator hoistway has turn into smoke spread route in fire. The escape that used an elevator was not able to make ends meet; of the big confusion is expected that cannot control the escape adequately, and do that elevator facilities breakdown possibility by the fire water, the escaper shut in car. Therefore ban on elevator service in fire time as a general rule. Recently, a few company promote super high-rise architecture in the country, a fire disaster prevention and human life safety measures preparation for PBD(A Performance Based Fire Protection Design) are studied concretely. And there is the escape example in fire time that used an elevator in the foreign country. You must promote it so that the escape measures that used enclosed stairway and an elevator in charge of a function of the mutual supplement. The result of this research can be used for establishing the standard and regulation for using elevators in fire emergency.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.261-264
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• 2008

A guideline to complement safety problem of escape code at the fire controlling design stage was shown by comparing & analysing developed fire controlling countries such as US, UK, Japan, and etc. and appropriateness of improving legislations for building standard of escape code was examined by comparing & analysing escaping time with escape code simulation(SIMULEX, EXDOUS) as the guideline.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

본 연구는 오프라인 방탈출 게임의 개념과 스토리 유형 분류를 위해 운영 중인 141개의 매장에서 428개의 게임을 직접 플레이 한 결과를 바탕으로 유형화를 시도했다. 분류는 트로티어의 3막을 중심으로 진행되었으며 조사 결과 오프라인 방탈출 게임에는 총 3가지의 스토리 유형이 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 탈출 목적(a)과 조건(b), 그리고 탈출을 위한 이유(c)를 게임 입장 전 고지하는 유형인 a+b+c 와, 목적(a)과 조건(b)는 사전에 고지하지만 탈출 이유(c)는 게임 플레이를 통해 파악하는 유형 a+b(c), 마지막으로 탈출 조건과 목적 그리고 이유 모두 입장 후 확인되는 유형(a+b+c)이 존재하고 있었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.288-290
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 MIPI(Mobile Industry Processor Interface) DSI(Display Serial Interface) 규격을 지원하는 마스터 브릿지 IC의 Escape 모드와 BTA(Bus Turn Around) 모드를 구현하였다. MIPI DSI 마스터 브릿지 IC는 RGB 데이터 및 각종 제어 명령어를 디스플레이 모듈(슬레이브)로 전송하여 디스플레이 모듈을 시험하는 용도로 사용된다. 슬레이브로 저속 명령어 전송을 위한 저전력 패킷전송(LPDT), 초저전력상태(ULPS) 전송, 트리거 메시지 전송을 위한 Escape 모드를 구현하였다. 또한 BTA 모드를 통해 슬레이브로부터 데이터를 수신하여 디스플레이 모듈의 정보를 얻는 버스 방향전환 동작을 구현하였다. 설계된 Escape 및 BTA 기능이 MIPI DSI 규격에서 정의되는 다양한 조건들에 대해 올바로 동작함을 기능검증을 통해 확인하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.73.2-73.2
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• 2019

The physical origin of low escape fractions of ionizing radiation derived from Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 3 - 4 is a puzzle in the theory of reionization. We perform idealized disk galaxy simulations to investigate how galactic properties, such as metallicity and gas mass, affect the escape of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons using radiation-hydrodynamic code RAMSES-RT, with strong stellar feedback. We find that the luminosity-weighted escape fraction from a metal-poor (Z=0.002) galaxy embedded in a halo of mass M_h ~ 10¹¹ M_⊙ is 〈f^3D_esc〉 ~ 8%. However, when the gas metallicity is increased to Z=0.02, the escape fraction is significantly reduced to 〈f^3D_esc〉 ~ 1%, as young stars are enshrouded by their birth clouds for a longer period of time. On the other hand, increasing the gas mass by a factor of 5 leads to 〈f^3D_esc〉 ~ 4%, as LyC photons are only moderately absorbed by the thicker disk. Our experiments seem to suggest that high metallicity is primarily responsible for the low escape fractions observed from LBGs, supporting the scenario in which the escape fraction has a negative correlation with halo mass. Indeed, our simulated galaxy with the typical metallicity of LBGs (Z=0.006) shows the relative escape fraction of 8%, consistent with recent observations of galaxies with M₁₅₀₀ = -20.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2009

최근 건축물의 대형화 고층화 고밀화 복합화 등으로 인해 건축물 내 재난사고가 발생할 경우 재실자의 안전을 확보하기 위한 건축물 피난 설계가 매우 중요한 관건으로 이슈화되고 있다. 특히 장애인 노인 임산부 등은 심신의 일시적 또는 영구적 장애로 인해 위급 대처 능력이 부족하기 때문에 건물내 화재 발생시 가장 피해를 볼 수 있는 재해 약자라 할 수 있다. 그런데 우리나라의 경우 이동 편의성은 장애인 노인 임산부 등의 편의증진보장에 관한 법률에 그리고 피난 안전성은 건축물 피난 방화구조 등의 기준에 관한 규칙에 각각 이분화되어 규정되어 있다. 물론 각 개별법령에 의한 제정 목적은 상이하나 동일한 재실자를 대상으로 동일한 건축부위에 대한 설계기준이 상호연계가 부족하다면 건축설계 및 피난 설계자들에게 혼란을 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 장애인편의증진법과 건축물 피난규칙의 비교 분석을 통해 각 법령간의 상이점을 살펴보고 이에 대한 통합 기준을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2008

Sensing the approach of a predator is critical to the survival of prey, especially when the prey has no choice but to escape at a precisely timed moment. Escape behavior has been approached from both proximate and ultimate perspectives. On the proximate level, empirical research about electrophysiological mechanisms for detecting predators has focused on vision, an important modality that helps prey to sense approaching danger. Studies of looming-sensitive neurons in locusts are a good example of how the selective sensitivity of nervous systems towards specific targets, especially approaching objects, has been understood and realistically modeled in software and robotic systems. On the ultimate level, general optimality models have provided an evolutionary framework by considering costs and benefits of visually elicited escape responses. A recent paper showed how neural network models can be used to understand the evolution of visually mediated antipredatory behaviors. We discuss this new trend towards integration of these relatively disparate approaches, the proximate and the ultimate perspectives, for understanding of the evolution of behavior of predators and prey. Focusing on one of the best-studied escape pathway models, the Orthopteran LGMD/DCMD pathway, we discuss how ultimate-level optimality modeling can be integrated with proximate-level studies of escape behaviors in animals.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.59-69
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• 1998

공동주택의 피난 및 피난경로에 관한 일반적인 이론과 법규정의 문제점을 분석하고 화재 사례 및 건립 분양 중에 있는 공동주돼을 연구사례로 선정 피난상의 문제점을 분석하였다. 그 결과 단순히 방화관련법규에서 규정하고 있는 사항만을 경제적인 논리, 입주자의 편익, 법규정의 미비로 피난성능을 무시한 채 피난계단의 설치로 특별피난계단의 설치를 대신하 고 있다. 또한 피난의 안전성 확보측면에서 발코니의 설치로 체류공간을 확보해야 하나 실 내공간의 확보에 밀려 미설치 혹은 개조를 전제로 건축되고 있다. 따라서 법규정의 정비, 성능위주의 설계 등이 요구된다. 요구된다.