• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.228-229
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• 2008

In this study, we propose an effective method to improve the clarity and period of the beat in a ring structure. Ring is an simplified model of a Korean bell, in which beating vibration and sound are very important features. An equivalent ring theory is applied and finite element analysis on the equivalent ring is performed to determine the condition of the asymmetric element for the clear and proper period beat. The clarity and the period of the beat are improved by attacking asymmetric mass and decreasing local thickness. Using the equivalent ring, the amount and position of the local variation for the required beat condition are determined and the results are verified by experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.429-436
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• 1995

This paper describes a methodology for determination of representative CANDU feeder geometry and the pressure drops between inlet/outlet header and fuel channel in the primary loop. A code, MEDOC, was developed based on this methodology and helps perform a calculation of equivalent feeder geometry for a selected channel group on the basis of feeder geometry data (fluid volume, mass flow rate, loss factor) and given property data pressure, quality, density) at inlet/outlet header. The equivalent feeder geometry calculated based on this methodology will be useful fur the transient thermohydraulic analysis of the primary heat transport system for the CANDU heavy water-cooled pressure tube reactor.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.323-330
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to experimentally identify the finite element (FE) model of a building structure with magnetorheological (MR) fluid damper. Using FE model based system identification (FEBSI) technique, The model of MR damper having nonlinear characteristics is expressed with equivalent linear properties such as mass, stiffness, and damping. Bingham model is used for MR damper modeling. The equivalent stiffness and damping matrices of MR damper are predicted by applying an equivalent linearization technique, and those values are compared with the experimentally obtained ones.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.82-89
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• 2007

Sound transmission characteristics are investigated on the corrugated steel and aluminium extruded panels used for railway vehicles. Sewell-Sharp-Cremer(SSC) model, equivalent orthotropic plate model and equivalent mass law are applied to predict the sound transmission loss. The predicted values of the sound transmission loss are compared with the measured values. The reliability and the limitation of the prediction models are investigated. For the corrugated panels and honeycomb panels, the coincidence and local resonance severely deteriorate the sound insulation performance around the corresponding frequency bands. The result of the study shows that the equivalent orthotropic plate model and the SSC model can be used as good prediction models, if the coincidence frequency or local resonance frequency is correctly applied.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.517-524
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• 1999

Mathematical formulas for multi-dimensional isolation analysis via vibrational power transmission can be derived in a rather simple form when the wave effects of the isolators are completely neglected. With increase of frequency range of interest, however, the wave effects play a very important role and hence cannot be neglected. The formulas get involved accordingly. In this study, a method of equivalent stiffness modeling of the isolators to include the wave effects is proposed in such a way that not only the complexity of the mathematical expressions but also that of experiments of necessity can be reduced. This method is illustratively applied to a two-dimensional vibration isolation system with nonrigid source and base structures.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.231-239
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• 2017

Fundamental period is one of the most critical parameters affecting the seismic design of buildings. In this paper, a very simple approach is presented for estimating the fundamental period of multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structures. The basic idea behind this approach is to replace the complicated MDOF system with an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. To realize this equivalence, a procedure for replacing a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) system with an SDOF system, known as a two-to-single (TTS) procedure, is developed first; then, using the TTS procedure successively, an MDOF system is replaced with an equivalent SDOF system. The proposed approach is expressed in terms of mass, stiffness, and number of stories, without mode shape or any other parameters; thus, it is a very simple method. The accuracy of the proposed method is investigated by estimating the fundamental periods of many MDOF models; it is found that the results obtained by the proposed method agree very well with those obtained by eigenvalue analysis.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1156-1161
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• 2008

Nonlinear dynamic analysis is generally used in automobile crash analysis and structural optimization considering crashworthiness uses the results of nonlinear dynamic analysis. Automobile crash optimization has high nonlinearity and difficulty in calculating sensitivity. Recently the equivalent static load (ESL) method has been proposed in order to overcome these difficulties. The ESL is the static load set generating the same displacement field as the nonlinear dynamic displacement field at each time step in dynamic analysis. From various researches regarding the ESL method, it has been proved that the ESL method is fairly useful. The ESL method can mathematically optimize a crash optimization problem through nonlinear analysis and well developed static optimization. The ESL is applied to nonlinear dynamic structural optimization of the automobile frontal impact problem. An automobile bumper is optimized. The mass of the structure is minimized while some constraints are satisfied.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.215-228
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• 2004

Rock mass contains discontinuities such as faults and joints, and their mechanical properties and spatial distribution dominate the stability of rock mass. Because the deformation of rock mass occurs discontinuities in many cases. However in the case of poor quality rock mass under high stresses, the deformation along intact rock can also influence the structure's stability. In this study, two dimensional finite element program was developed with a rheological model to analyze the stability of the structure excavated in jointed rock mass. The “equivalent material” approach was used assuming intact rock, joints and rock bolts as visco-plastic materials. The program was verified by analysing an intact rock model, a jointed rock mass model and a reinforced jointed rock mass model. The displacement was examined in each model with changing the intact rock behaviour as elastic and visco-plastic. In the case of poor quality rock mass under high stresses, e assumption of visco-plastic behaviour of intact rock resulted in larger displacement than when assuming elastic behaviour for intact rock. Therefore it is recommended to add intact rock's visco-plastic behaviour to the existing model, which only assumes visco-plastic behaviour of joints and rock bolts.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.45-55
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• 2015

The stability of the adjcent structures or slopes under blasting is typically evaluated using an empirical vibration attenuation curve or dynamic numerical analysis. To perform a dynamic analysis, it is necessary to determine the blast load and the damping ratio of rock mass. Various empirical methods have been proposed for the blast load. However, a study on representative values of damping ratio of a rock mass has not yet been performed. Therefore, the damping ratio was either ignored or selected without a clear basis in performing a blast analysis. Selection of the dampring ratio for the rock mass is very difficult because the vibration propagation is influenced by the layout and properties of the rock joints. Besides, the vibration induced by blasting is propagated spherically, whereas plane waves are generated by an earthquake. Since the geometrical spreading causes additional attenuation, the damping ratio should be adjusted in the case of a 2D plane strain analysis. In this study, we proposed equivalent damping ratios for use in continuum 2D plane strain analyses. To this end, we performed 2D dynamic analyses for a wide range of rock stiffness and investigated the characteristics of blast vibration propagation. Based on numerical simulations, a correlation between the attenuation equation, shear wave velocity, and equivalent damping ratio of rock mass is presented. This novel approach is the first attempt to select the damping ratio from an attenuation relationship. The proposed chart is easy to be used and can be applied in practice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.859-862
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• 2002

The Core Support Barrel (CSB) is a major component of Reactor Internals, and is designed to support and protect the Reactor Core. In this study, Reactor Core, Core Shroud and CSB were simplified to coaxial cylinders and then the offset of Reactor Core & Core Shroud to the dynamic characteristic of CSB was analyzed. For the beam modes, natural frequencies of the cantilevered cylinder are compared with those of the cantilevered beam. And it was found out that shear modulus must be used correctly to convert the shell model to the equivalent beam model. From the dynamic characteristics of the beam model, it was found out that natural frequencies are proportional to the length of Reactor Core & Core Shroud and inversely proportional to the mass. From the comparison with the dynamic characteristics of a beam model and a lumped-mass model it was found out that the size of lumped-mass must be determined considering both the length and the mass of Reactor Core & Core Shroud.