• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.623-631
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• 2011

Metallic sandwich panels based on a truss core structure have been developed for a wide range of potential applications with their lightweight and multi-functionality. Structural performance of sandwich panels can be predicted from the studies on mechanical behavior of a unit cell of truss core structures. Analytical investigations on the unit cell provide approximated guidelines for the design of overall core structures for a specific application in short time. In this study, the effects of geometrical parameters on mechanical behavior of a pyramidal shape of unit cell were investigated with analytical models. The unit cell with truss member angle of 45 degree was considered as reference model and other models were designed to have the same weight and projected area but different truss member angle. All truss members were assumed to be connected with pin joint in analytical models. Under the assumptions, the equivalent strength and stiffness of the unit cell under compressive and shear loads were predicted and compared. And finally, the optimum core member angle to have maximum mechanical property could be calculated and verified with FE analysis results.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1995년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.185-193
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• 1995

The softening behaviors of concrete have been the object of numerous experimental and numerical studies, because the load carrying capacity of cracked concrete structure is not zero. Numerical studies are devoted to the investigation of three-dimensional softening behaviors of concrete on the basis of a viscoplastic theory, which may be able to represent the effects of plasticity and also of rheology. In order to properly describe material behaviors corresponding to different stress levels, two surfaces in stress space are adopted; one is a yield surface, and the other is a failure or bounding surface. When a stress path reaches the failure surface, it is considered that the softening behaviors are initiated as micro-cracks coalesce and are simulated by assuming that the actual strain increments in the post-peak region are less than the equivalent viscoplastic strain increment. The experimental studies and the finite element analyses have been carried out under the displacement control. Numerically simulated results indicate that the model is able to predict the essential characteristics of concrete behaviors such as the non-linearity, stiffness degradation, different behaviors in tension and compression, and specially dilatation under uniaxial compression.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1991

지진이나 바람과 같은 횡방향 하중이 가해졌을 때, 일반적으로 수직한 축에 대해서만 대칭인 단명을 갖는 교량의 주형은 횡방향 휨과 비틀림이 결합된 거동을 하게되어 특히 사장교의 케이블등에는 예상치 못했던 추가응력이 유발될 수 있다. 이러한 거동은 일반적인 뼈대요소로는 해석할 수 없으므로, 본 연구에서는 가상일의 원리와 운동에너지로 부터 임의의 단면형상을 갖는 기하학적 비선형 3차원 뼈대요소의 강도매트릭스와 질량매트릭스를 유도하여 주형을 모델링하고, 케이블요소는 Ernst가 제안한 등가탄성계수를 사용한다. 그리고 해석예를 통하여 이론의 타당성을 검증한 후, 3차원 사장교 모델의 고유진동해석을 수행하여 주형의 휨-비틀림 결합작용을 연구한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2011

The methods of design available for geocell-supported embankments are very few. Two of the earlier methods are considered in this paper and a third method is proposed and compared with them. In the first method called slip line method, plastic bearing failure of the soil was assumed and the additional resistance due to geocell layer is calculated using a non-symmetric slip line field in the soft foundation soil. In the second method based on slope stability analysis, general-purpose slope stability program was used to design the geocell mattress of required strength for embankment. In the third method proposed in this paper, geocell reinforcement is designed based on the plane strain finite element analysis of embankments. The geocell layer is modelled as an equivalent composite layer with modified strength and stiffness values. The strength and dimensions of geocell layer is estimated for the required bearing capacity or permissible deformations. These three design methods are compared through a design example. It is observed that the design method based on finite element simulations is most comprehensive because it addresses the issue of permissible deformations and also gives complete stress, deformation and strain behaviour of the embankment under given loading conditions.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2008

This paper presents the dynamic analysis and input shaping control of a positioning stage. Vibration characteristics of the positioning stage are affected not only by the structural dynamics but also by the servo actuators that consist of the mechanism; driving motor and controller. This paper proposes an integrated dynamic model to accommodate both the structural dynamics and the servo actuators. Theoretical modal analysis with a commercial finite element code is carried out to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the experimental positioning stage. Experiments are performed to validate the theoretical modal analysis and estimate the equivalent stiffness due to the servo actuators. This paper deals with an input shaping scheme to suppress vibration of the positioning stage. Input shapers are systematically implemented for the positioning stage in consideration of its dynamics. The effects of servo control gain are also investigated. The experiments show that input shaping effectively removes residual vibrations and then improves the performance of positioning stage.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.341-346
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• 2011

고속철도 개발에 있어 승차감은 차량의 품질을 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 고속철도 차량의 강체 및 유연체 모델 각각에 대해 속도증가에 따른 고속철도 차량의 승차감을 평가하였다. 가진원은 휠/레일 불균일에 의한 상하 진동만을 고려하였다. 속도 증가에 따른 차체의 진동을 계산하기 위해 강체 및 유연체 모델의 고유진동수와 모드형상을 계산하였다. 복잡한 형상의 압출재로 구성된 차체를 유연체로 모델링하기 위해 등가 물성치를 산출하여 등가 쉘로 모델링하였다. 계산된 차량의 진동으로 승차감을 평가한 결과, 강체 모델로 예측된 고속철도의 승차감은 고속에서 오히려 좋아지는 불합리한 결과가 도출 되었다. 반면 차량의 유연체 모드까지 고려하여 평가한 고속철도의 승차감은 속도 증가에 따라 승차감이 나빠지는 당연한 결과를 보여 주었다. 따라서 고속에서의 철도차량 개발은 차체의 유연체 특성을 고려해야함을 확인하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.959-982
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• 2015

In this study, a non-stationary random earthquake Clough-Penzien model is used to describe earthquake ground motion. Using stochastic direct integration in combination with an equivalent linear method, a solution is established to describe the non-stationary response of lead-rubber bearing (LRB) system to a stochastic earthquake. Two parameters are used to develop an optimization method for bearing design: the post-yielding stiffness and the normalized yield strength of the isolation bearing. Using the minimization of the maximum energy response level of the upper structure subjected to an earthquake as an objective function, and with the constraints that the bearing failure probability is no more than 5% and the second shape factor of the bearing is less than 5, a calculation method for the two optimal design parameters is presented. In this optimization process, the radial basis function (RBF) response surface was applied, instead of the implicit objective function and constraints, and a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm was used to solve the optimization problems. By considering the uncertainties of the structural parameters and seismic ground motion input parameters for the optimization of the bearing design, convex set models (such as the interval model and ellipsoidal model) are used to describe the uncertainty parameters. Subsequently, the optimal bearing design parameters were expanded at their median values into first-order Taylor series expansions, and then, the Lagrange multipliers method was used to determine the upper and lower boundaries of the parameters. Moreover, using a calculation example, the impacts of site soil parameters, such as input peak ground acceleration, bearing diameter and rubber shore hardness on the optimization parameters, are investigated.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 수평하중 하의 테두리보가 있는 플랫플레이트 시스템의 해석 방법을 제안 하는 것이다. 플랫플레이트 시스템은 보 없이 기둥이 직접 지지하는 구조로 정의되지만 일반적으로 설계에서는 테두리보를 설치하여 사용하고 있다. 수평하중 하의 플랫플레이트를 해석 할 수 있는 방법으로는 ACI 318 (2005)에서 유한요소법, 유효보폭법, 등가골조법을 제시하고 있다. 그 중 유효보폭법은 슬래브를 보요소로 치환함으로써 실용적인 해석이 가능하도록 하는 해석 방법이다. 유효보폭법에서의 보 요소는 슬래브와 같은 두께와 실제 슬래브에 대하여 어떠한 비율로 정의되는 유효보폭으로 정의된다. 그러나 유효보폭법에 관한 연구는 기하학적 변수에 대한 연구나 강성 감소 계수에 관한 연구가 일반적이고 테두리보를 고려해 줄 수 있는 유효보폭모델에 관한 연구는 아직 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 테두리보가 없는 플랫 플레이트 시스템의 횡 강성보다 테두리보가 있는 플랫플레이트 시스템의 횡 강성이 더 큰 강성을 확보하는 것을 검증하였다. 따라서 테두리보의 영향을 고려할 수 있는 플랫플레이트 시스템의 해석 방법이 제시되어야 할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 수평하중에 대한 테두리보가 있는 플랫플레이트의 유효보폭모델을 제안하였다. 제안된 모델의 검증을 위하여 제안된 유효보폭모델의 결과값을 유한요소해석의 결과값과 비교하였다. 또한 제안된 유효보폭모델의 결과값과 기존에 수행된 실험의 결과와 비교하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.15-42
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• 2024

A flexible-base coupled-two-beam (CTB) discrete model with equivalent tuned mass dampers is used to assess the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI) and different types of lateral resisting systems on the design of passive dynamic absorbers (PDAs) under the action of along-wind and across-wind loads due to vortex shedding. A total of five different PDAs are considered in this study: (1) tuned mass damper (TMD), (2) circular tuned sloshing damper (C-TSD), (3) rectangular tuned sloshing damper (R-TSD), (4) two-way liquid damper (TWLD) and (5) pendulum tuned mass damper (PTMD). By modifying the non-dimensional lateral stiffness ratio, the CTB model can consider lateral deformations varying from those of a flexural cantilever beam to those of a shear cantilever beam. The Monte Carlo simulation method was used to generate along-wind and across-wind loads correlated along the height of a real shear wall-frame building, which has similar fundamental periods of vibration and different modes of lateral deformation in the xz and yz planes, respectively. Ambient vibration tests were conducted on the building to identify its real lateral behavior and thus choose the most suitable parameters for the CTB model. Both alongwind and across-wind responses of the 144-meter-tall building were computed considering four soil types (hard rock, dense soil, stiff soil and soft soil) and a single PDA on its top, that is, 96 time-history analyses were carried out to assess the effect of SSI and lateral resisting system on the PDAs design. Based on the parametric analyses, the response significantly increases as the soil flexibility increases for both type of lateral wind loads, particularly for flexural-type deformations. The results show a great effectiveness of PDAs in controlling across-wind peak displacements and both along-wind and across-wind RMS accelerations, on the contrary, PDAs were ineffective in controlling along-wind peak displacements on all soil types and different kind of lateral deformation. Generally speaking, the maximum possible value of the PDA mass efficiency index increases as the soil flexibility increases, on the contrary, it decreases as the non-dimensional lateral stiffness ratio of the building increases; therefore, there is a significant increase of the vibration control effectiveness of PDAs for lateral flexural-type deformations on soft soils.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2020

항공기는 임무수행을 위해 다양한 외부 장착물을 장착해야 한다. 이러한 외부 장착물은 경우에 따라서 구조적 불안정성을 발생시키는 원인이 될 수 있기 때문에 항공기와 외부 장착물 간의 영향성 평가가 필요하다. 이를 위해 외부 장착물을 반영한 항공기 동특성 해석을 수행하게 되는데, 항공기 동특성 해석용 유한요소 모델은 최소의 절점과 요소를 사용하면서도 해당 구성품의 동특성을 최대한 정확하게 모사할 수 있어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 MSC Patran/Nastran을 사용하여 외부 연료탱크와 장착 파일런의 동특성 해석용 스틱모델을 구축하였다. 등가 강도 계산을 위해 간단한 빔 이론을 적용하여 각 부품의 스틱모델을 구축하고 상세모델과의 모드 비교를 통해 생성된 스틱모델의 적합성을 확인하였다. 그리고, 외부 연료탱크가 장착된 파일런의 스틱모델 조립체의 모달해석을 수행하여 항공기 동특성 해석을 위해 요구되는 기본 모드들이 잘 추출되는 것을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 상세모델 조립체와 스틱모델 조립체 간 모드들의 오차를 비교하여 구축된 스틱모델 조립체가 항공기 동특성 해석용으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.