• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2008

Presently, media for sanitation education consisting of a sanitation manual and a CD-ROM intended for restaurant employers and employees was developed and evaluated. The sanitation manual consisted of five principles: prevention of foodborne illness, personal hygiene, control of food production, instrument and equipment cleaning and sanitation, and management of environmental sanitation. The CD-ROM was composed of animations detailed real-life examples of Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Norovirus foodborned illness outbreaks; slides summarizing the five principles of the manual; and a poster entitled You can prevent foodborne illness listing and describing the principles. A 15 question evaluation survey was developed to gauge the efficacy of the animations. The survey was divided into five sections on comprehension of the instructions, content organization concerning understanding, content organization concerning the information presented, content organization concerning retention of interest (concentration), and recommendations concerning concentration. Ranked on a 5-point scale the survey produced a mean value of 3.80$\pm$0.39 and individual scores of 3.92$\pm$0.45 (learning instruction), 3.86$\pm$0.48 (understanding), 3.82$\pm$0.52 (information), 3.75$\pm$0.49 (concentration), and 3.67$\pm$0.58 (concentration-recommendation). Overall, evaluation results of the animation were good and easy to understand, with only a few respondents electing to watch the animations more than once. In terms of continuous and recurring education, sanitation training programs should be easy to learn and contain sufficient and specific examples of the importance of sanitation in achieving food safety.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.85-92
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• 2006

모든 원유(crude oil) 와 연료유(refined petroleum) 는 서로 구별되는 개별 탄화수소 특성을 가지고 있다. 원유의 경우 산지별로 고유한 특성을 지니고 있으며, 연료유의 경우 같은 유종이라 할지라도 그 원료가 되는 원유의 특성, 또는 생산공정, 생산시기 등에서 차이점이 발생하고 생산시기가 동일한 통일유종의 기름이더라도 선박의 연료탱크 내에 남아있는 잔류물과의 혼합 등에 의해 구별될 수 있는 특징을 가지게 된다. 유지문기법(oil fingerprint method)은 이러한 특성을 이용하여 해상유출유의 오염원을 밝히기 위한 감식 분석기법을 말한다. 현재의 유용한 유지문기법으로는 기체크로마토그래피 (GC)를 이용한 포화탄화수소류 방향족탄화수소류 황화합물 패턴분석방법과 적외선분광광도계(IR)를 이용한 적외선스펙트럼 측정방법 그리고 형광분광광도계(FL)를 이용한 방향족탄화수소류 스펙트럽분석방법 둥이 있으며 GC/MS를 이용한 EICs(Extracted Ion Chromatograms) 패턴분석방법이 있다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2014

3-dimensional information for anatomic stucture plays a role as integral part in clinical aspect of dental practice. CBCT(cone beam computed tomography) has been accepted as useful diagnostic tool offering Volume data and images for evaluating teeth and jaws in lower radiation dose than conventional CT. CBCT equipment is essential for the quality assurance of it to ensure continued satisfactory performance and result of adequate images. Dental practitioner and oral and maxillofacial radiologist should have a responsibility and critical thinking to deliver this technology to patients in a responsible way, so that diaganostic value is maximised and radiation doses kept as low as resonably achievable. CBCT imaging modality should be used only after a review of the patient's health and imaging history and the completion of a thorough clinical examination. Clinical guidelines are systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances Dental practitioners should prescribe CBCT imaging only when they expect that the diagnostic yield will benefit patient care, enhance patient safety or improve clinical outcomes significantly. Knowledge of patient dose is essential for clinicians who are making the decision regarding the justification of the exposure. There are some limitation in the measurement of patient dose in CBCT for the approval and adaptation of conventinal methodolgy in CT. It is also important to ensure that doses are optimised and in line with any national and international guidelines. The higher radiation doses of CBCT compared with conventional radiography, mean that high standards must be maintained. The Quality Assurance(QA) programme should entail surveys and checks that are performed according to a regular timetable. QA programme should be maintained by staff to ensure adherence to the programme and to raise its importance among staff.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.330-341
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• 2015

Objectives: Emergency medical personnel (EMPs) are pre-hospital emergency responders who are at risk of exposure to infections and may also serve as a source for the transmission of infections. However, few studies of infection control have specifically addressed EMPs in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). The goal of this study was to assess the current status of infection prevention and control programs (IPCPs) for EMPs in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to quantitatively assess the resources and activities of IPCPs. A total of 907 EMPs in five metropolitan cities completed a structured questionnaire from September 2014 to January 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multi-response analysis, and the chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the participants was $34.8{\pm}15.1years$. IPCPs were found to have weaknesses with regard to the following resources: the assignment of infection control personnel (ICP) (79.5%), hand hygiene resources such as waterless antiseptics (79.3%), the use of paper towels (38.9%), personal protective equipment such as face shields (46.9%), and safety containers for sharps and a separated space for the disposal of infectious waste (10.1%). Likewise, the following activities were found to be inadequately incorporated into the workflow of EMPs: education about infection control (77.5%), post-exposure management (35.9%), and the decontamination of items and spaces after use (88.4%). ICP were found to have a significant effect on the resources and activities of IPCPs (p<0.001). The resources and activities of IPCPs were found to be significantly different among the five cities (p<0.001). Conclusions: IPCPs for EMPs showed some limitations in their resources and activities. IPCPs should be actively supported, and specific IPCP activities for EMPs should be developed.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2007

건설프로젝트를 수행하는 과정에 있어 계약당사자간에 다양한 계약방식에 기초하여 시설물 건설에 요구되는 업무 또는 서비스를 제공하고 있으나, 건설사업의 주요 성과지표라 할 수 있는 비용, 일정, 안전등의 측면에서 계약방식에 따라 발생할 수 있는 성과의 차이에 대한 실증적 인 비교연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 건설사업이 다수의 건설전문조직과 계약을 기반으로 운영되는 프로젝트라는 특성을 고려할 때 계약방식의 유형에 따라 사업성과에 대한 차이를 비교분석 함으로써 계약방식 선정에 대한 적정 의사결정을 지원하는데 유효한 자료를 제공할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 건설계약방식 중 실비정산방식과 총액계약방식을 대상으로 건설사업의 주요 성과에 대한 비교 분석을 시도하였다. 계약방식별 프로젝트 성과는 미국 Construction Industry Institute(CII)의 Benchmarking and Metrics(BM&M) 프로그램에서 활용하는 성과측정기준을 기초로 비용, 공정, 안전, 변경, 재작업(rework) 등 5개 분야를 대상으로 하였다. 또한 계약방식으로 인한 각종 성과지표의 차이가 통계적 의미를 지니고 있는가를 판단하기 위하여 통계적 기법인 t-test를 이용하여 데이터의 유의성을 분석하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2015

While the conventional personal protective equipments (PPEs) covers a variety of devices and garments such as respirators, turnout gear, gloves, blankets and gas masks, several electronic devices such as personal alert safety system (PASS) and heads-up displays in the facepiece have become a part of firefighters personal protective equipments through past several years. Furthermore, more advanced electronic sensors including location traking sensor, thermal imaging caerma, toxic gas detectors, and even physiological monitoring sensors are being integrated into ensemble elements for better protection of firefighters from fire sites. Despite any electronic equipment placed on the firefighter must withstand environmental extremes and continue to properly function under any thermal conditions that firefighters routinely face, there are no specific criteria for these electronics to define functionability of these devices under given thermal conditions. Although manufacturers provide the specifications and performance guidelines for their products, their operation guidelines hardly match the real thermal conditions. Present study overviews firefighter's fatalities and thermal conditions that firefighters and their equipments face. Lastly, thermal packaging methods that we have developed and tested are introduced.

• 한국도시철도학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2018

철도용 지장물검지장치는 2004년 고속철도와 함께 도입되어 산사태, 낙석 및 과선교로 부터의 낙하물과 같은 장애물에 의한 사고를 예방하고 있다. 다만 기존의 시스템은 검지선의 단선 여부에 대한 사항밖에 검지가 불가능 하여 산사태나 과선교 위로의 물체 낙하 등에 대한 검지에 제약이 있는 것이 사실이다. 이에 이번 연구에서는 OTDR, 광펜스 및 검지용 카메라로 구성되어 개선된 지장물검지시스템을 제안한다. 이 연구에서 제안하는 시스템은 단선 상태에 대한 검지 이외에도 광펜스에 대한 가압 및 특정지역에 대한 영상 검지가 가능하도록 구성된다. 개발 시스템의 핵심부인 광펜스 및 OTDR에 대한 프로토타입 시작품을 제작하고 기능시험을 실시하였으며, 개선된 검지 능력을 입증하기 위한 결과들을 획득하였다. 추후 연구에서는 현장함 설계 및 환경시험을 실시할 예정이며 이후 현장 시험을 진행할 예정이다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2021

본 연구는 도로건설공사 중 발생한 암반 비탈면의 인장균열 발생원인 및 대책 방안을 소개하고자 한다. 확장 가능한 인장균열 범위를 조사하기 위하여 전기비저항 탐사를 수행하여 암반의 연약대 분포 여부를 조사한 결과, 인장균열이 발생한 부체도로 하단에 저비저항대가 나타나며 굴착 비탈면 상단 부근에 저비저항대가 분포하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 발생 가능한 인장균열 위치를 굴착 비탈면 상단으로 결정하여 보강 설계를 수행하였고, 보강방안으로 앵커와 억지말뚝 2열이 제안되었고 비탈면 안정해석을 통하여 보강 이후 허용안전율을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the status of intrahospital transport (IHT) of critically ill patients and provide baseline data to form recommendations for safer transport. Methods : Data were collected from 141 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses who attended national conferences between February and August, 2018. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA, and post-hoc analysis was conducted with the Scheffé and Games-Howell tests. Results : Of the nurses surveyed, 61.7% answered that their workplace had a transport guideline. In terms of the experience of ICU nurses, 31.2% of respondents answered that they had received training on IHT. This result indicated that the degree of implementation of the guidelines for IHT was generally high, but some, including guidelines on personnel, equipment, and monitoring, were not. Guidelines of IHT were well observed when the institutes had specific guidelines for IHT of critically ill patients with specified transport grades, a scoring system to assess stability of a patient, a checklist and a protocol for action in case of problems, and when healthcare providers were provided with training. Conclusion : These results suggest that organized infrastructure, such as a transport guideline with transport grades, a checklist to improve the implementation of guidelines, and a protocol for coping with a problem, should be provided for safe transport. Additionally, effective education and evaluation to improve the competency of staff participating in the transport of patients will help reduce the occurrence of adverse events in intensive care transport in hospitals and promote patient safety.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2022

Recently, more and more researches aimed at the development of automated and autonomous ships are appearing in the scientific environment. One of the main reason is the need to solve the problems of safe navigation and reducing accidents due to human factor, as well as the ever-increasing problem associated with the lack of qualified maritime personnel. Development of technologies based on application of artificial intelligence also plays important role, after all for realization of autonomous navigation concept and enhancement of ship automatic maneuvering processes, advancement of maneuvering functions and elaboration of specific algorithms on prevention of close quarter situations and dangerous approach of ships will be required. The purpose of this work is the review of preconditions of occurrence of the autonomous ship navigation conception, overview of introduction stages and prospects for ship remote control based on unmanned technologies, analysis of technical and intellectual decisions of autonomous surface ships, main research tendencies. The research revealed that the technology of autonomous ship navigation requires further development and improvement, especially in terms of the data transmission protocols upgrading, sensors of navigation information and automatic control systems modernization, which allows to perform monitoring of equipment with the aim of improving the functions of control over the autonomous surface ship operation.