• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.108-114
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this survey study was to understand how utilization of X-rays as an adjunct to Chuna manual therapy (CT) supports treatment, as assessed by Korean medicine doctors (KMDs). Methods: A survey was emailed to all 18,289 members of the Association of Korean Oriental Medicine (AKOM)to determine the implications of X-ray use in CT. Surveys were collected from September 22, 2017 to October 15, 2017. Results: Of the 18,289 KMDs 562 completed the survey. The implications of a radiological diagnosis (X-ray) with CT was assessed using 5 items in a questionnaire: time to diagnosis, accuracy of treatment, patient comprehension and satisfaction, CT effect, and safety of CT. Survey participants identified improvement in patient comprehension and satisfaction as the most important factor for X-ray use with CT, followed by increased safety of CT. From the determinant factors for selection of CT intensity and specific techniques, severity of clinical symptoms was shown to be the most influential factor. Degenerative changes of the spine and degree of spinal malposition were also reported to be highly influential. Conclusion: The KMDs' that participated in this study indicated that utilization of X-rays in conjunction with CT administration improved patient comprehension and satisfaction, and CT safety. Installation of radiological equipment in Korean medicine clinics where CT is provided may increase safety and patients' satisfaction.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1523-1528
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• 2013

It is necessary to develop the simple and efficient technique that ease entry of man and equipment and take the role of foundations of temporary or small structures on the soft ground. This study intends to verify the effects on the increase of bearing capacity of base projecting walls under shallow foundations and to investigate the variance of the bearing capacity of the foundations according to the interval and length of the walls. For this, model soft ground in the chamber equipped with loading apparatus is made and the loading tests on the model foundations with base projecting walls of various intervals and lengths using the apparatus are performed with measuring the loads and settlements. The results show that the base projecting walls under shallow foundations on soft ground are effective on the increase of bearing capacity and the more the number and length of the walls the larger the effects. And, when the ratio of interval to length of the walls is 1, i.e. the shape forming the base of the foundation and the walls is square, the bearing capacity is increased by 25% and the effect is optimum.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.495-503
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• 2010

The packing and sorting processes of grape are required repetitive movements to need considerable physical load for a long time. And thereby, there is strong possibility to cause musculoskeletal disorders. In this study, ergonomically designed convenience equipments of worktable and handcart are introduced for improvement of the working movements and less physical load to increase the work efficiency. For objective analysis of the movements and the workload between the ones before and after the improvement, we measured heart rate, OWAS, RULA, REBA, LMM, moving Line and work time. Also, we used a checklist of physical fatigue regions to confirm the subjective evaluation of physical load of workers. As the result of study, it showed lower heart rate, value of Working Postures (OWAS, RULA, REBA) and LMM in the work after introduction of those convenient equipments than the work of before the introduction. The work time and moving Line were shortened and the number of grape boxes packed within the same work time was increased, too. Also the overall load as the subjective evaluation was reduced.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.51-60
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• 2012

In order to characterize the shear strength of the frozen sand for foundation design in cold region and prediction of adfreeze bond strength, many researchers developed test techniques and carried out many tests to analyze shear strength properties of the frozen sand for half a century. However, many studies for shear strength properties of the frozen sand have been carried out with limited circumstances, even though shear strength of the froze sand can be affected by various influence factors such as soil type, temperature conditions, and magnitude of normal stress. In this study, direct shear test equipment was used to analyze the shear strength characteristics of the frozen sand. Direct shear test equipment was designed for cold weather, and the direct shear tests were carried out inside of large-scaled low temperature chamber. Three soil types-two uniform sands and one well graded soil were used to analyze the shear strength of the frozen sand with three different temperature conditions and three different vertical confining pressures. In this research, a series of direct shear tests for shear strength of the frozen sand have been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of effectiveness of the test equipment and low temperature chamber. This research also showed that shear strength of the froze sand increased with decreasing temperature condition, but the influence of vertical confining pressure was insignificant to the shear strength of the frozen sand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.389-394
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• 2004

Structure-typed cultural heritage, objects of preservation are positioned as one of the very important heritage in the nation, and the preservation of prototypical structures become influential in national development and against natural disaster. For this reason, Digital Close Range Photogrammetry has recently been diversely used. Despite its popular use, the measurement has limits that make it unsuitable for photographing precise cultural heritage situated at high mountainous terrain or where people can not approach easily. These high gigantic stone statues are among the preserved structure-typed cultural heritage. In order to supplement the limits, when using the measurement, a camera tripod with +30m, a ladder truck and a shore should be equipped, which means additional equipment leads to it being a waste of cost and time. In this vein, a device was developed in detail, using a RC Helicopter installed with a CCD video camera with ease of control, safety, equipment, carrying, movement and approach, then checked image shot by a wireless modem at real time and considered the economical efficiency without re-photographing. Next, the author digitized the images of the nationally designated structure-typed cultural heritage, used materials on their restoration as the third dimension in order to construct the integrated management-information system for cultural heritage. Through the above processes, this study can provide specific information on 3D images and 3D CAD sections of structured-typed cultural heritage for both the public and specialists on the web. Moreover, it suggests the foundation to restore the damaged cultural heritage in the future by aiming for their effective management and preservation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate user satisfaction with village bathhouses, selected from a two-year pilot project of common facilities for seniors in rural areas from 2014 to 2015. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire to evaluate user satisfaction, and 96 questionnaires were collected from 10 village bathhouses. User satisfaction was evaluated in five categories with a five-point scale: location and spatial composition; emotions and intimacy; safety; hygiene and equipment; and maintenance and management. The results are as follows. First, scores on hygiene and equipment stood at four points or higher, indicating higher user satisfaction. However, scores on the other four categories were below four points. But when overall user satisfaction was evaluated on a five-point scale, the average score stood at 4.13out of five points and 89.5 out of 100 points. These findings suggest that users were generally satisfied with the bathhouses. Second, a comparison of bathing patterns from before and after bathhouse construction in villages revealed that 42.7% of residents had previously gone to neighboring villages to bathe. Local bathhouse construction led to an increase in overall bathing frequency, exerting a beneficial effect on hygiene. Third, general user satisfaction correlated more closely with items related to location and spatial composition than items of other categories, indicating that the architectural elements of the bathhouses have a major impact. Finally, access to a bathhouse at all times showed strong correlation with satisfaction levels, suggesting a need for the establishment of more bathhouses throughout rural areas.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.130-141
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• 2010

Poor expertise in equipment operation and installation, coupled with unpredictable natural disaster, usually directly leads to disastrous accidents of large lifting equipment such as tower cranes. For example, 52 tower cranes fell down due to the unstable support in Korea at the attack of Typhoon "Maemi" in 2003, which damaged property and caused loss of life. In high-rise construction projects, top-slewing or luffing-jib tower cranes needs checking the stability of lateral-support in addition to the bottom support such as the foundation. In this study, the optimization algorithm for lateral-support of tower cranes is conducted, which is expected to enhance the structural stability of tower cranes and save the cost in conflict with the safety.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2017

In this study, we verify the accurate numerical analysis and simplify the perforated plate of inlet and exhaust duct using porous media for the cost reduction and the efficiency improvement of thermal-fluid analysis to evaluate cooling performance of wheel-loader. The flow loss coefficient of the perforated plate is defined by the experiment result. To define analytically the flow loss coefficient of the perforated plate, we calculate the pressure drop of unit-cell and compare to experiment result. Finally, we compare the heat balance test and the simplified simulation result on the inlet and exhaust duct of wheel-loader. After this study, we verify the applicability of the simplified analysis method on the inlet and exhaust duct of wheel-loader. And, foundation which can carry out effectively the evaluation and improvement for cooling performance of wheel-loader is prepared.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.106-111
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• 2021

Background: Crookes tube is utilized in junior high and high schools in Japan to study the character of electrons and current, and not for radiological education. There is no official guideline or regulation for these radiation source to the public. Therefore, most teachers have no information about the leakage of X-rays from Crookes tube. The peak energy of X-rays is approximately 20 keV, and it is impossible to measure using conventional survey meters. Materials and Methods: Each leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube in the education field, such as junior and senior high schools in Japan, was explored by the teachers in the school using radio-photoluminescence (RPL) dosimeters. Before and after the measurements, the dosimeters were sent by postal mails. Results and Discussion: At the exploration in this study, it was estimated that the 70 ㎛ dose equivalent, H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes, at the distance of 1 m, where the Crookes tube was usually observed. However, the highest dose was estimated as 0.69 mSv by an equipment with the full power. Furthermore, one Crookes tube exhibited 0.62 mSv with minimum output power of the induction coil. This relatively large dose was reduced by the shorter distance of discharge electrodes of the induction coil. Conclusion: The leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube was explored using RPL dosimeters. It was estimated that the H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes at the distance of 1 m, while some equipment radiated a higher dose. With this study, the provisional guideline for the safety operation of Crookes tube is established.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest a systematic improvement plan for strengthening fire fighting ability of domestic rack- type warehouse buildings. Method: A fire case of small warehouse with sandwich panel structure and four design review of large warehouse with fire endurance structure were analyzed. Also, interviewed a group of 11 fire fighters who had 20 years field experience. Results: A provision of mobile equipment for initial fire fighting, accessibility of more than three sides, installation of internal entrance windows, proper placement of outdoor fire fighting equipment, image processing of fire site informations, and provide more incentives on the field commander are main factors of improvement plan. Conclusion: Effective standard operation procedures (SOP) and safety standards should be established and applied for each stage of the dispatch and on-site response considering the fire characteristics and risk factors of each warehouse by scale.