• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.13 no.1_2
• /
• pp.139-152
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we characterize a vector-valued convex set function by its epigraph. The concepts of a vector-valued set function and a vector-valued concave set function we given respectively. The definitions of the conjugate functions for a vector-valued convex set function and a vector-valued concave set function are introduced. Then a Fenchel duality theorem in multiobjective programming problem with set functions is derived.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.80-93
• /
• 2017

This study proposes a new scientific measurement method for damaged epigraph. In this new method, the Chinese characters are converted and coordinates are created for this measurement. This method is then used to decipher partially damaged characters from the parts of the coordinated characters that are damaged and intact. The Chinese characters are divided into 9 square parts by the position of their Chinese Radicals. The unknown characters are then compared and deciphered dependent upon the character shape in 9 square parts that have been created. This method is more scientific, accurate, and makes it easier to find related characters than deciphering through contexts, which is current method. When creating a new software based on this algorithm, it will be especially useful in deciphering an old manuscript or a epigraph that made ancient Chinese characters which are not currently in use. This study will also be helpful in deciphering semi-cursive styled or cursive styled epigraph, as well as semi-cursive styled or cursive styled damaged characters during follow-up research.

• Korean Architects
• /
• s.518
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 2012

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.73
• /
• pp.361-384
• /
• 2018

This paper aims to introduce Park Seon-su's ShuowenJiezi YIzheng from the perspective of Epigraphy, and incorporate it into the fields of Korean Epigraphy. Korean Epigraphy, which now categorized as a study since Kim Jeong-hee's powerful work in 19th century, can be listed either by studies published before and after Kim Jeong-hee's and by name of influential writers who have successfully presented each study and strive for the development of Korean Epigraphy. Earlier studies show that Korean Epigraphy has more books of data collection rather than the books of research on the epigraph. Regardless of the nationality of the author, all books containing Korean epigraph were counted as Korean Epigraphy, and those books made for religious reasons were not excluded from Korean Epigraphy as well. This indicates how wide the scope of Korean Epigraphy is. In this The reason Park Seon-su's research is ignored at present time, which was assessed as excellent in the late Chosun Dynasty, may come from lack of understanding on the ShuowenJiezi YIzheng. His book, ShuowenJiezi YIzheng, focuses on graphology but more broadly it includes translation of Epigraph and Epigraphy which leads to interpretation of scriptures. Such Park- Seonsu's great work must be presented in Korean Epigraphy studies to broaden its scope, also it is important to look for yet unfound pieces on the fields of Epigraphy.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2016

We investigate the records related to the reign style and the calendar day from the epigraphs of the Goryeo dynasty (918 - 1392) in Korea in order to verify and supplement the sexagenary cycle data of the first day in the lunar month of the dynasty. The database of the National Research Institute of Culture Heritage contains a rubbed-copy image, transcription statement, and translation statement for Korean epigraphs as well as 775 epigraphs corresponding to the Goryeo dynasty. The epigraph records are valuable in that, during this time, they were written differently from other historical literature such as the Goryeosa (History of the Goryeo Dynasty), which was compiled in the next dynasty. We find that the Goryeo dynasty, in general, had adopted the reign styles of Chinese dynasties at that time. We also find 159 calendar day records all showing good agreement with the work of Ahn et al. except for dozens of records. Through this study, we can verify the reign styles and the calendar days of the Goryeo dynasty.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.251-259
• /
• 2014

Outdoor cultural properties have been damaged by natural weathering and air pollution for a long time. For this reason, there are many characteristics it is hard to decipher some carved inscription on the surface of damaged outdoor cultural properties. Until now, Rubbed copy has been widely used to decode engraved inscription. A investigation for epigraph has been made by the rubbing that has resulted in a lower resolution from the viewpoints of extraction process and used materials. Rubbing's results are not satisfied in the damaged inscriptions which are weathered by natural environment and pollution for a long time and in the narrowed one. The main analysis presented in this paper is a cross section analysis method using 3d scanning technique for epigraph not read. Cross section analysis is a study on readability improvement method for ancient inscription of irregularity monument surface. Cross section analysis confirms information that separated the inscription information of monument and the ground information to read a ancient inscription and decode the inscription information. The proposed character identification method contributed to decoding an ancient inscription on Silla Monument in Jungseong-ri of Pohang.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.65-84
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is analyze physical and textual characteristics on an epigraph, the Memorial Stone of Yun Gwm(尹? 誌石). This was edited by Kim Yeon-Su. On the view of physical point, the Memorial Stone is made of black stone and its size is 25.0cm high, 31.0cm wide, and 2.5cm thick. On the view of textual point the text of Memorial Stone is about the career of Yun Gwan, and the printed style of writing is by depressed engraving on both side black stone plane.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.456-464
• /
• 2017

The epigraphy is a text on metal or a text on stone. The value of epigraphy can be used to identify historical facts of the past. It is a good record to understand the past life and culture. But it is difficult to decode the character of the epigraphy which has been exposed to the outdoor for a long time. In this study, the proposed techniques are consisted of 3 parts: (1)The surface division into information area, non- information area, and undifferentiated area. And then, (2) The selection of points in the non-information area and finding a reference plane with the minimum error. (3) Flattening the points perpendicular to the reference plane and decoding characters on information area. This research contributes to narrow the scope of a particular letter and to read the controversial letters on the Pohang Jungsoengri Silla Stone Monument(Korea's national treasure number 318).

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.135-154
• /
• 2004

This study is a physical and textual analysis on an epigraph, the Stone Epitaph of Hong Jeong-Myeong(홍정명 지석). This was edited by Lee Deuk-Sin and transcribed by Gang Se-Hwang. On the view of physical point the Stone Epitagh is made of black stone and its size is 27.8∼28.2cm high, 20.3∼20.7cm wide, and 2.0∼3.6cm thick. On the view of textual point, the text of Stone Epitaph is about the career of Hong Jeong-Myeong, and the printed style of writing is by depressed engraving on 8 black stone plane.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.58-75
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to demonstrate that photographic reading can be used to decipher epigraphs more effectively and accurately than conventional rubbing of epigraphy. When using the rubbing technique, the reading rate varies for the each epigraph depending on the time, person, and rubbing method. Thus, we compared the results of conventional rubbing to photographic reading focusing on unread and misread letters. According to the results, some letters were different from those in the reference books, and some letters that could have been readable via photographic reading were misread or read as different letters. In its undamaged state, the Pyeongwangtapbi Monument of Seonggak Daesa is supposed to contain a total of 2,049 letters, and 1,763 of them have been deciphered. This study corrected a total of 308 letters that had not been deciphered or deciphered inconsistently in existing literatures. However, it should be noted that the epigraphs of the Pyeongwangtapbi Monument of Seonggak Daesa read using the rubbing technique were made at least 30-100 years ago, and the photographic reading was performed in 2010. Thus, the overall condition is not perfectly identical. If we read and compare in the same condition, we may obtain even more reliable results. Therefore, based on this study of photographic reading, further studies regarding the correction of the contents of epigraphy should be performed.