• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.1259-1262
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• 2004

Detecting environmental hazards and monitoring remote terrain are among many sensor network applications. In case of fire detection, it is significantly valuable to monitor fire-spot's shape and trend in time. Mobile ad hoc sensor nodes right round are responsible for sensoring, processing and networking packets, or even launching extinguisher. In this paper, we proposed a ring-oriented Multicast architecture based on "Fisheye State Routing" (MFSR) to organize a group of mobile ad hoc sensor nodes in a multicast way. It is familiar with traditional mesh-based multicast protocol [1] in mobile ad hoc network, trying to concentrates on efficiency and robustness simultaneously. Certain applications-based solution for hazards is proposed, quantitative results including architecture and recovery algorithms of MFSR are also investigated in this paper.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.701-708
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• 2021

As one of the most widely used technology in the world right now, Face recognition has already received widespread attention by all the researcher and institutes. It has been used in many fields such as safety protection, surveillance system, crime control and even in our ordinary life such as home security and so on. This technology with today's technology has advantages such as high connectivity and real time transformation. But we still need to improve its recognition rate, reaction time and also reduce impact of different environmental status to the whole system. So in this paper we proposed a face recognition system model with improved CNN which combining the characteristics of flat network and residual network, integrated learning, simplify network structure and enhance portability and also improve the recognition accuracy. We also used AR and ORL database to do the experiment and result shows higher recognition rate, efficiency and robustness for different image conditions.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.393-399
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• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted with an aim to use it as basic data for developing assistive devices, such as insoles that can suppress the progress of degenerative diseases and strategies, to improve early degenerative diseases by assessing walking characteristics of farm workers who were classified as KL-grade in the perspective of motor mechanics. Method : 38 male and female adults who complained of knee joint pain for more than six months were selected, and they were classified according to KL-grade. KL-grade was assessed by an orthopaedic specialist and an occupational environment health specialist. Filming equipment (FX-1, CASIO, Japan) and a ground reaction force system (AMTI OR6, AMTI, USA) were used to identify ground reaction force characteristics, and WOMAC was used for a pain rating scale. Results : There was a difference between the right and left side (axis-X) according to KL-grade, and when the grade was higher, the internal ground reaction force was also higher. Changes in COP were not affected by KL-grade of the knee joint, but it tended to increase as the grade increased. There were differences in the time required for limb support while walking according to the grades, and when the grade was higher, walking was more inefficient with long braking force and short propulsion forces. Also, pain rating scale, the right and left side, and COP changes while in support phase were related. Conclusion : There was a partial, statically significant difference in KL-grade and ground reaction force occurring during the support phase, and there were differences in ground reaction forces according to the grades of degenerative arthritis in the knee joint, indicating that this study is worthy as basic data for future studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

To prevent musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) for dental hygiene students, who will potentially be at high risk of developing MSD while performing oral prophylaxis practice, an MSD prevention education program was designed and was offered to a group of dental hygiene students to find whether the program is effective. Before the program started and three months after the program ended, changes in the students' posture were filmed to observe them. The final subjects for analysis included 30 students in the experimental group and 41 students in the control group. To verify differences between the experimental and the control groups, repeated measures ANOVA was carried out before and after the program. After the education program, the experimental group's RULA scores for neck, left upper arm, right forearm, and wrist, RULA A score on both left and right side, RULA B score on left side, and total RULA score were significantly lowered during the operation on the upper jaw, compared with that of the control group. And, during the operation on the lower jaw, the experimental group's RULA A score, RULA B score, and total RULA score were very significantly lowered. The results of this study suggest the MSD prevention education program is effective in preventing the disorder. Thus, the program can be utilized as an education program for preventing MSDs during dental hygiene students' oral prophylaxis practice and clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.128-138
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• 2011

Objectives: It has been pointed out that there are problems in handling and managing chemicals due to trade secrets of Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS). To date, some company intentionally leave out of several parts and use an inaccurate expression in MSDS. In particular, with the result of the inspection of the government and labour community, it is required that the 2nd section in MSDS included the composition and information on ingredients has to be provided with comprehensive expression to secure more reliability. Methods: Therefore, this study is aimed: 1) to recognize the current status of trade secrets of MSDS in workplaces with both domestic manufacturers of chemical products and multinational corporations; 2) to make contributions to prevention of the industrial accidents by providing the accurate information of MSDS; 3) to improve the risk communication system related with chemicals; 4) to impress workers on the importance of right of known for MSDS. With the result we analyzed the status of trade secrets in MSDS in 73 companies, such as petrochemistry production, paint production, metal processing oil production, detergent production, and international company related with chemicals, we have found that 38,150 (45.5%) have the trade secrets parts in the total number of 83,832 in MSDS. Also, based on the 288 MSDS gathered by the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI) from 2005 to 2009, 41.7% of the MSDS are classified into the trade secrets. Conclusions: Therefore, to procure an assurance system of MSDS, we suggest that a MSDS picking up and checking system be legislated in the Occupational Safety and Health Act to protect workers from the unidentified chemical hazards due to the secret trade of MSDS.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2010

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a useful tool in researches and in clinical medicine of lung diseases because the BAL fluid contains biochemical and cytological indicators of the cellular response to infection, drugs, or toxicants. However, the variability among laboratories regarding the technique and the processing of the BAL material limits clinical research. The aim of this study was to determine the suction frequency and lavage fraction number necessary to reduce the variability in lavage using male Sprague-Dawley rats. We compared the total cell number and protein level of each lavage fraction and concluded that more cells and protein can be obtained by repetitive lavage with a suction frequency of 2 or 3 than by lavage with a single suction. On the basis of total cell recovery, approximately 70% of cells were obtained from fractions 1~3. The first lavage fraction should be used for evaluation of protein concentration because fractions 2~5 of lavage fluid were diluted in manifolds. These observations were confirmed in bleomycin-induced inflamed lungs of rats. We further compared the BAL data from the whole lobes with data from the right lobes and concluded that BAL data of the right lobes represented data of the whole lobes. However, this conclusion can only be applied to general lung diseases. At the end, this study provides an insight into the technical or analytical problems of lavage study in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.167-179
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• 2013

In recent years, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has received particular attentions from both practitioners and scholars. This study focused on Korean national fashion businesses and identified various types of CSR practices in addition to social contributions. Besides, comparison in corporation by size of the number of full-time employees and sales volume were examined. A total of 1054 cases of 147 brands, 86 corporations between 2000 and 2012 were collected from internet articles and brand home pages. Findings were as follows. First, the types of CSR activities were categorized into the following six: economic responsibility, legal responsibility, consumer protection, protection of worker's right, protection of environment, and social contribution. Social contribution took largest portion of CSR activities (67.7%), followed by environmental protection (14%), and protection of worker's right (6.2%). The other three types presented limited cases but included negative aspects of CSR. Social contribution consisted of six sub categories (culture & art, sports, education, donation, voluntary service, and campaign), and donation took the largest part of social contribution area. Second, comparing 86 corporations by the size of the number of full-time employees, companies more than 300 employees (38.1%) were more likely to practice CSR activities. Similarly, companies with more than 500 billion won sales (13.1%) were more active in their CSR activities than their counterparts. Suggestions are given for improving CSR practices to fashion business.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.306-324
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze green growth issues such as employment, education and training, social capital and nature's standing right from the complementary perspective between natural environment conservation and economic growth. Green growth can be defined as a growth which lowers an increasing rate of entropy and at the same time improves our living standard. Green growth paradigm requires a quite amount of understanding the laws of thermodynamics and the uncertainty principle as the highest orders which regulate our overall socio-economic behaviors. They suggest that socio-economic growth is a mere transformation process of natural energy from one form to another and they increases natural manmade entropy over time. The most important issue of green growth policy may be a problem concerning employment and/or unemployment since green growth may induce inevitable movement of resources from the existing industries to the green sector. In particular, green industries will demand more highly specialized manpower than the existing ones. Without a well-designed new training education system and social capital accumulation toward environmental concerns, green growth may accompany a substantial amount of structural involuntary frictional unemployment. This may increase not only wealth-distribution disparity but also political instability. In order to achieve harmonious green growth, we should recognize that there are important complementary relationships between green and growth. Our society should also be able to innovate the existing educational system to accumulate social capital, to create a new sharing system, and to admit nature's standing right. Although the 2003 lawsuit case of Korean Salamander in Cheonseong Mountain went against plaintiff, it would provide apparently our society with a way of green development ahead.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 1996

Dry weight and body fluid osmolarity of embryo, and maternal ovarian fluid and the ovarian inner tissue of the viviparous teleost, Ditrema temmincki, changed considerably during the gestation period. After the complete absorption of the egg yolk, average dry weight of the embryo increased to 373.76 mg, and the range of total length (TL) was from 6.0 to 60.0 mm. Osmolarity of the embryonic body fluid was 796,8 mOsmol/kg with TL 64.0 mm right before parturition. Ovarian outer membrane started to swelling clearly after fertilization, and maximized in March. The swelling of ovigerous folds was maximized in late April. Expansion of blood vessels and increase of hemocytes reached to their maximum right before parturition. The results of this study indicated that these changes are related to the nutritional and environmental adaptation of both the embryo and the maternal body during the gestation period.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 2011

The purpose of the study was to examine formative features of embroidered norigae in form, color, pattern and expressive technique through positive analysis of relics and various of collections of work and to consider expressive features of embroidered norigae. The results of the study were as follows. First, embroidered norigae has handcrafted decoration. it was made by being sewed for women longing for their family's happiness. Embroidered norigae is a dress worn by women that is hung on a coat string or the waist part of a skirt. Second, it is eco-environmental. Embroidered norigae applied things seen in nature such as flowers, butterflies and bees to its pattern. Third, it has practicality. Embroidered norigae has high practical value besides a decorative function. Needle case norigae and incense case norigae provide functions in accordance with women's wisdom and skill as well as practicality. Fourth, it is praying for good luck. Women embroidered patterns symbolizing their desires in life such as their family's happiness, wealth, many sons and a long life. Fifth, it has balance and harmony. The knot of embroidered norigae has a perfect symmetry in the front/back part and in the right/left part. And the main body and tassel are symetrical in the right/left part, which gives stability and comfortableness. Embroidered norigae is classified into knot, main body and decorative part in its form. The three kinds express their unique beauty by being harmonized together. Finally, it has a property of melody. Movement of the tassel has a property of melody shaken by the wind and movement of its wearer.